Download or read book Essays in Environmental Health Economics written by Florian Haucke and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on Environmental Economics Health Economics and Industrial Organization written by Daniel Andres Herrera Araujo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le résumé en anglais n'a pas été communiqué par l'auteur.
Download or read book Essays in labor health and environmental economics written by Ann E. Ferris and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays in Empirical Environmental Economics and Health written by Stacy Ellen Sneeringer and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Empirical Essays on Environmental and Health Economics in Developing Countries written by Shinsuke Tanaka and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Health and environment have recently been active research areas in development economics. However, estimating impacts on development has been hampered by concerns that there may be confounding variables that bias the estimates. My dissertation evaluates a credible relationship between the two by identifying an empirical context in which the roles of confounding variables are mitigated. The first essay quantifies the impacts of air pollution and related regulations on infant mortality in China. I exploit plausibly exogenous variations in air quality generated by environmental regulations since 1995. The results suggest that the regulations led to significant reductions in air pollution and infant mortality rate (IMR). I estimate that 25,400 fewer infants died per year than would have died in the absence of the regulations, corresponding to about a 21 percent decline in IMR. The instrumental variable estimates indicate that a one percent reduction in total suspended particulates results in a 0.95 percent reduction in IMR, whereas a one percent reduction in sulfur dioxide results in a 0.82 percent reduction in IMR. The estimated impact of a unit change in TSP is of similar magnitude to that found in the U.S., but the elasticity is substantially higher in China, highlighting the greater benefits associated with regulations when pollution is already quite high. The second essay quantifies the returns of health infrastructure to child health status, as measured by weight-for-age z-scores. By exploiting plausibly exogenous changes in access to health services induced by the health policy in South Africa after the end of apartheid, I show that gaining access to health institutions improves nutritional status of boys but not of girls among newly born babies and children with low health status. The third essay investigates whether improved access to health services leads to better educational achievements. The health policy I examine in the second chapter provides a rare opportunity to credibly evaluate a relationship. The results indicate that access to health services has little impact on educational outcomes, except that boys who gained substantial increases in health access at the time of enrollment are likely to start school earlier.
Download or read book Ecology Economy and Society written by Vikram Dayal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-30 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with not just complex linkages, interactions and exchanges that form the relationship between the economic activities, human society and the ecosystems, but also the influences and impacts that each causes on the other. In recent times, this ecology–economy–society interface has received unprecedented attention within the broader environment–development discourse. The volume is in honour of Kanchan Chopra, one of the pioneers of research in these areas in India. She has recently been awarded the coveted Kenneth Boulding Award by the International Society for Ecological Economics (ISEE) and is the first Asian to receive it. The four sub-themes of the book reflect some of the important areas in the environment–development discourse — sustainability of development, institutions and environmental governance, environment and well-being, and ecosystem and conservation. Within each of the sub-themes, the policy and the practice as well as the macro and micro aspects are addressed. With contributions mainly from ecological economists and ecologists, the book’s approach is interdisciplinary, both in spirit and content, reflecting the honoree's work, which went not just beyond the mainstream ideology of economics, but also the way she listened to ideas from disciplines like ecology and sociology. The volume also includes two reflective essays on academic life and works of Kanchan Chopra. The book is a valuable resource for students, teachers, researchers, practitioners and policy makers in the areas of development economics, ecological economics, environmental economics and related disciplines such as conservation, development, ecology, economics, environment, governance, health, sociology and public policy.
Download or read book Essays on Environmental and Healthcare Economics written by Thierry Wendpouire Nianogo and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My dissertation comprises three essays in theoretical economics and applied microeconomics. They touch on societal, health and environmental issues from an economic perspective, with the goal of promoting sustainable development and equity. The first essay probes the sources of regional disparities in population health outcomes. I identify the drivers of alternative measures of health outcomes, using data from two specific US regions (the South, which has relatively lower health status; and the Northeast, which enjoys relatively higher health status). Then, using the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition, I analyze these differences in health outcomes and explore their policy implications. The second essay, exclusively theoretical, models the behavioral reactions of economic agents to climatic change in a stochastic framework. Their reaction toward increasing uncertainties about the damages caused by their pollution levels, as well as the corresponding Pareto equilibrium and its policy implications are computed and discussed. Lastly, the third essay investigates the drivers of prescription drug consumption separately in selected states with low, average, and high prescription drug consumption US states. The noticeable geographic variations in core drivers of health care costs motivate the need to consider separate econometric models. Also to control for the non-normality of healthcare data, the variance stabilizing Box-Cox transformations model is applied.
Download or read book Essays in Public Health Energy and Environmental Economics written by Becky A. Lafrancois and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economics and Environment written by David William Pearce and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1998 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a selection of recent essays from an author established in the environmental economics field. The book explains the development of Pearce's career in the subject; shows how environmental economics can play a part in policy-making; and argues against some other schools of thought.
Download or read book The Economic Approach to Environmental Policy written by A. Myrick Freeman and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1998 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These papers cover such topics as: the effects of environmental and resources policies on income distribution; the incorporation of distribution effects into environmental policy analysis; the role of economic incentives in environmental policy; the economic valuation of environment changes; and the consideration of risk and uncertainty in economic valuation and policy making. The book also includes papers on the ethical basis of environmental economics and the economic approach to environmental policy.
Download or read book Essays in Environmental Economics and Policy written by Sheila Marie Cavanagh and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Protecting Health and the Environment written by Sean Bennett Cash and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays in Health and Environmental Economics written by Beilei Cai and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Air Pollution Climate Change and Human Health written by Hannah Charlotte Klauber and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays in Environmental Economics written by Jonah Busch and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays in Environmental Economics written by Justin Gallagher and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first chapter of the dissertation examines the learning process that economic agents use to update their expectation of an uncertain and infrequently observed event. The standard Bayesian updating model is restrictive in that it reflects the strong neo-classical assumption that economic agents efficiently incorporate new information with all available information when updating beliefs. I consider the case of flooding and estimate the effect of first-hand experience on flood insurance take-up. I compile a new nation-wide panel dataset of large regional floods and flood insurance policies in the US. First, I show that flood insurance take-up in flooded communities increases by 9% after a flood and then steadily declines, fully dissipating after 9 years. Floods do not affect take-up in geographically neighboring non-flooded communities unless these communities are in the same media market. The take-up rate in non-flooded communities that share a media market with a flooded community is one-third as large as in flooded communities. I interpret this evidence using the standard Beta-Bernoulli Bayesian learning model and a Beta-Bernoulli model that includes a forgetting/first-hand experience parameter. I find that the standard Bayesian model can not explain both the spike in insurance in the year of a flood and the decay rate of this effect on insurance take-up in the years after the flood. I conclude that the evidence is most consistent with a Bayesian model augmented with a forgetting/first-hand experience parameter. The second chapter of my dissertation examines the causal link between localized exposure to hazardous waste pollutants from motor vehicle exhaust and adverse human health outcomes for newborns. I explore whether an exogenous event--the 1994 Northridge Earthquake--can be used as a quasi-experiment to test how birth outcomes change from a sudden and unexpected increase in pollution. The Northridge Earthquake closed down portions of four busy highways in Los Angeles, CA for periods of 1-6 months. The highway traffic was diverted onto secondary roads that previous to the earthquake had a much lower traffic volume. The paper focuses on two health outcomes for newborns: birth weight and gestation period. Infants born preterm or with low birth weight are less likely to survive infancy, more likely to suffer from childhood illness, and have lower future earnings. Overall the results of this study are inconclusive due to the relatively small number of new births included in the sample design. However, the results do suggest that a mother's race, age, and level of education are more important than proximity to a highway. Being a minority race, a teenage mother, or not having any college education are correlated with lower birth weight. The size of these correlations are approximately an order of magnitude larger than the point estimates for the effect of living in close proximity to a road with heavy traffic. The third chapter of the dissertation uses the housing market to develop estimates of the local welfare impacts of Superfund sponsored clean-ups of hazardous waste sites. We show that if consumers value the clean-ups, then the hedonic model predicts that they will lead to increases in local housing prices and new home construction, as well as the migration of individuals that place a high value on environmental quality to the areas near the improved sites. We compare housing market outcomes in the areas surrounding the first 400 hazardous waste sites chosen for Superfund clean-ups to the areas surrounding the 290 sites that narrowly missed qualifying for these clean-ups. We find that Superfund clean-ups are associated with economically small and statistically indistinguishable from zero local changes in residential property values, property rental rates, housing supply, total population, and the types of individuals living near the sites. These findings are robust to a series of specification checks, including the application of a regression discontinuity design based on knowledge of the selection rule. Overall, the preferred estimates suggest that the local benefits of Superfund clean-ups are small and appear to be substantially lower than the $43 million mean cost of Superfund clean-ups.
Download or read book U S Health in International Perspective written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-04-12 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is among the wealthiest nations in the world, but it is far from the healthiest. Although life expectancy and survival rates in the United States have improved dramatically over the past century, Americans live shorter lives and experience more injuries and illnesses than people in other high-income countries. The U.S. health disadvantage cannot be attributed solely to the adverse health status of racial or ethnic minorities or poor people: even highly advantaged Americans are in worse health than their counterparts in other, "peer" countries. In light of the new and growing evidence about the U.S. health disadvantage, the National Institutes of Health asked the National Research Council (NRC) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a panel of experts to study the issue. The Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries examined whether the U.S. health disadvantage exists across the life span, considered potential explanations, and assessed the larger implications of the findings. U.S. Health in International Perspective presents detailed evidence on the issue, explores the possible explanations for the shorter and less healthy lives of Americans than those of people in comparable countries, and recommends actions by both government and nongovernment agencies and organizations to address the U.S. health disadvantage.
