Download or read book Erosion in Large Guns written by Hiram Stevens Maxim and published by . This book was released on 1890 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Erosion in Large Gun Barrels written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wear and Erosion in Large Caliber Gun Barrels written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Erosion in Large Gun Barrels written by NATIONAL MATERIALS ADVISORY BOARD (NAS-NAE) WASHINGTON D C. and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The erosion of gun tubes is a very complex interdisciplinary problem involving several branches of engineering and science. Several mechanisms are responsible for this limitation to gun tube life, some of which are of thermal origin, some are mechanical and some chemical. The exact combination of these mechanisms will depend upon the following components of the gun system. (1) The gun barrel system; (2) The projectile system; (3) The charge assembly; (4) Wear reducing additives in the propellant; (5) Firing conditions. After reviewing the history of gun barrel erosion from these several points of view, possible mechanisms are discussed. Several other fields of engineering endeavors that are limited by severe wear problems are reviewed for possible sources of technology transfer. The report concludes by suggesting long and short range programs, including a number of specific ideas that should be evaluated.
Download or read book Erosion in Large Gun Barrels written by and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1975-01-15 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Confronted with problems associated with the continual upgrading of field guns, reducing the number of different items in supply and lowering overall costs, the Department of the Army has need for improved methods of reducing erosion and extending the wear life of long range cannon. The National Materials Advisory Board was asked to consider all facets of this need and to make recommendations. Erosion in Large Gun Barrels assesses the nature of the bore erosion problem; identifies fruitful areas of research; assesses the state of technology of materials and methods in areas which may become significant to gun tubes of improved performance; and suggests experimental techniques, devices, and instruments and methods of reducing data to enhance the continuing coordination of the activities of the three Services.
Download or read book Cannon Coating Erosion Modeling Achievements written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our repeatedly verified erosion theories are derived from many years of conducting the Army's mission of characterizing a broad spectrum of fired and eroded cannons. Based on these characterizations, we chronicle the establishment, development, achievement, and advancement of the first practical cannon and cannon coating/ablative erosion models for large and medium caliber gun systems. The U.S. Army Research Laboratory's subsequent confirmation and adoption of our cannon and cannon coating/ablative erosion theories and models is also chronicled. This new method, in conjunction with limited-scale firings, has greatly increased the Army's technical capability and provides a reliable and cost effective means of comprehensively studying the erosion of coated cannon bores that previously required costly full-scale firings. Our comprehensive cannon erosion theories, models, and predictions have been widely embraced by Army and Navy program managers, saving them millions of dollars, and having a far-reaching impact on gun system design, optimization, and testing. Initially we discuss our early erosion theories and limited erosion models. Then we continue in chronological order with a discussion of our first practical cannon erosion model with an advanced artillery gun system example. Next, we discuss the extension of this initial model to our first practical cannon coating/ablative erosion model with an advanced medium caliber gun system example. We then discuss the adaptation of our cannon coating/ablative erosion model to advanced tank gun systems. Finally, we conclude with a description of our recent erosion modeling efforts. The following is a description of the methodology that has been established, developed, and applied to address the current Army problem of cannon bore erosion on advanced gun systems.
Download or read book The Role of Oxygen in Gun Barrel Erosion and Cracking A Shock Tube Gun Investigation written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiments to determine the individual contributors to gun barrel erosion in an oxidizing atmosphere were conducted in the Shock Tube Gun (STG), a ballistic compressor, designed and developed by Calspan Corporation. This facility can compress mixtures of pure gases and can generate flow conditions and cycle times similar to those experienced in large caliber guns. Tests were conducted with a mixture of argon and nitrogen to define the threshold erosion for an inert baseline. Small concentration of oxygen were substituted for nitrogen in the mix to quantify the oxidation effect. Subsequently, tests were conducted with various gas mixtures containing carbon dioxide, which dissociates to produce oxygen when compressed to high temperatures. The basic oxidation effect was observed to be nearly linear increase in erosion with oxygen concentration. A corresponding shift in the erosion threshold to less severe convective heating conditions was observed in response to surface chemistry. A similar effect was observed for carbon dioxide mixture where erosion was correlated in terms of the equilibrium concentration of oxygen at peak pressure. Surface cracking was observed and found to be most severe near the erosion threshold where the oxide layer was thickest. A white layer was observed in tests with oxygen in the absence of carbon dioxide.
Download or read book The Erosion of Guns written by Henry Marion Howe and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Erosion of Guns Part Two The Characteristics of Gun Erosion written by John S. Burlew and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gas Chemistry Effects on Gun Barrel Erosion A Shock Tube Gun Investigation written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subject program is part of a continuing effort to identify distinct mechanisms that contribute to gun barrel wear and erosion. The thermochemical effects of altering the CO/CO2 ratio of a propellant gas in a gun tube was the main topic for investigation in this program. Experiments were conducted in the Shock Tube Gun (STG), a ballistic compressor, designed and developed by Calspan Corporation. This facility can compress mixtures of pure gases to simulate propellant gas flow conditions and cycle times experienced in large caliber guns. Tests were conducted with mixture ratios of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide that characterize the normal range of CO/CO2 ratios found in propellant gas, i.e., 2.0 to 8.1. Progressive substitution of carbon monoxide for nitrogen in the mix quantified erosion as a function of increasing Co concentration or CO/CO2 ratio. Subsequent tests were conducted with gas mixtures containing double the amount of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide but with the same effect CO/CO2 ratio, to measure erosion as a function of absolute reactant concentration for the two gas species. The basic chemical effect was observed to be a shift in the erosion threshold to less severe convective heating conditions in response to increasing the CO/CO2 ratio above a value of 5.6. The magnitude of the shift appeared to be directly proportional to the absolute concentrations of the two reactant gases. Variation of both CO/CO2 ratio and absolute amounts of the two gases resulted in distinct changes in specimen surface characteristics, both at near threshold and above threshold flow conditions.
Download or read book The Role of Carburization in Gun Barrel Erosion and Cracking written by C. C. Morphy and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subject program is part of a continuing effort to identify distinct mechanisms that contribute to gun barrel wear and erosion. The chemical effect of a carburizing atmosphere in a gun tube was the main topic for investigation in this program. Experiments were conducted in the Shock Tube Gun (STG), a ballistic compressor, designed and developed by Calspan Corporation. This facility can compress mixtures of pure gases to simulate propellant gas flow condtions and cycle time experienced in large caliber guns. Test were conducted with a mixture of argon and nitrogen to delineate the threshold of simple melting erosion which served as a chemical inert baseline. Progressive substitution of carbon monoxide for nitrogen in the mix quantified the carburizing effect as a function of CO concentration. Subsequent tests were conducted with a gas mixture containing carbon monoxide, argon and helium to measure the carburizing effect as a function of cycle time. The basic carburizing effect was observed to be a shift in the erosion threshold to less severe convective heating conditions in response to surface chemistry. The magnitude of the shift appeared to be directly proportional to heating cycle time.
Download or read book Shock Tube Gun Melting Erosion Study written by Franklin A. Vassallo and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat transfer, melting, and erosion tests were conducted using a unique Shock Tube Gun Facility available at Calspan. Materials of interest were subjected to intense heating using non-reactive gas mixtures. Pure melting of materials was obtained at heating conditions representing those of actual guns. A computer code was formulated, written, tested, and shown to adequately normalize the gross thermal data, thus permitting determination of expected bore temperatures and/or material loss for given heating conditions. It was found that, although the bore surface temperature of steels tested in the non-reactive gases of the Shock Tube Gun achieved temperatures of the same magnitude as those in large caliber guns where bore surface cracking is produced, no similar surface cracking of steels was observed. It is concluded that chemical activity of gun gases is partially responsible for crack initiation in gun tubes. (Author).
Download or read book The Erosion of Guns Part One Fundamentals of Ordnance Relating to Gun Erosion written by and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present survey of the erosion of guns aims to collate the principal factual data on the subject and, in addition, to summarize the different theories that have been proposed to explain or to correlate these facts. Special care has been exercised to separate the facts from the various interpretations that may be placed upon them, since the latter in many instances depend on unverified assumptions. The sources of all information have been indicated in order that the reader may consult them for further details; for, although this survey attempts to be comprehensive, the treatment of the various items mentioned is not intended to be exhaustive.
Download or read book Thermal Aspects of Gun Erosion written by John N. Hobstetter and published by . This book was released on 1946 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Journal of the United States Artillery written by and published by . This book was released on 1905 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Erosion Modeling of Vented Combustor Cannon Bore Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vented combustor experiments are often successful at providing relative erosion results, but these results are typically inconclusive when compared to other vented combustor experiments. As a result of this deficiency, a new method for successfully modeling erosion of vented combustor cannon bore materials has been developed. This modeling method, in conjunction with limited-scale firings, provides a cost effective means of comprehensively studying erosion of coated cannon bore materials. The method is derived from our very successful similar method for modeling coated cannon bore erosion of medium and large caliber gun systems. These system models are based on years of eroded cannon characterizations and erosion theory development. We have fired and modeled gun steel, chromium, tantalum, molybdenum, rhenium, and niobium cannon bore protection materials. Each of these material types has a different set of erosive degradation thresholds that are governed by the presence of a less-reducing (more-metal oxidizing), more-reducing (more-metal carburizing), or intermediate-reducing solid propellant combustion environment. Erosion modeling predictions are computed for these six materials at the various reducing combustion environment degrees. Our modeling results show that all of these materials, with the exception of chromium, have significant differences in their erosive thresholds/performance for our typical solid propellant combustion environment spectrum. The degree of these differences explains why these materials erode so differently at the more-metal carburizing and oxidizing solid propellant combustion environment extremes.
Download or read book International Military Digest written by Cornélis De Witt Willcox and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
