Download or read book Equilibrium in Competitive Insurance Markets with Ex Ante Adverse Selection and Ex Post Moral Hazard written by William Jack and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Optimality and Equilibrium In a Competitive Insurance Market Under Adverse Selection and Moral Hazard written by Joseph E. Stiglitz and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes optimal and equilibrium insurance contracts under adverse selection and moral hazard, comparing them with those under a single informational asymmetry. The complex interactions of self-selection and moral hazard constraints have important consequences. We develop an analytic approach that allows a characterization of equilibrium and optimal (Pareto Optimal (PO), and Utilitarian optimal (UO)) allocations. Among the results : (i) a PO allocation may involve "shirking" (not only less care in accident avoidance than is possible, but less care compared to the case of pure moral hazard) either by high risk individuals in the case of single-crossing preference or by one or both types in the case of multi-crossing preference (as may naturally be the case under the double informational asymmetry); and (ii) while an equilibrium, which is unique (even under multi-crossing preferences) if it exists, is more likely to exist as the non-shirking constraint for low-risk type gets more stringent (i.e. when low risk individuals shirk with lower levels of insurance). We also show that a pooling equilibrium, which is not feasible under pure adverse selection, may exist when individuals differ in risk aversion (as well as in accident probability) or when the provision of insurance is non-exclusive (i.e. individuals can purchase insurance from more than one firm). Furthermore, while with pure adverse selection, UO always entails pooling with complete insurance (in the standard model), with adverse selection and moral hazard, all PO allocations may entail separation and the UO may entail incomplete insurance. We show further that, in general, any PO allocation can be implemented by a basic pooling insurance provided by the government and a supplemental separating contracts that can be offered by the market, although, in the presence of moral hazard, a tax needs to be imposed upon the market provision. The analysis suggests that two commonly obser.

Download or read book Equilibrium in competitive insurance markets with moral hazard written by Richard Arnott and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Equilibrium in Competitive Insurance Markets with Moral Hazard written by Richard Arnott and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Price Equilibrium Efficiency and Decentralizability in Insurance Markets written by Richard Arnott and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we investigate the descriptive and normative properties of competitive equilibrium with moral hazard when firms offer "price contracts" which allow clients to purchase as much insurance as they wish at the quoted prices. We show that a price equilibrium always exists and is one of three types: i) zero profit price equilibrium - zero profit, zero effort, full insurance ii) positive profit price equilibrium - positive profit, positive effort, partial insurance iii) zero insurance price equilibrium - zero insurance, zero profit, positive effort. We also demonstrate circumstances under which the linear taxation of price insurance allows decentralization of the social optimum (conditional on the unobservability of effort), and when it, does not, whether it is at least utility-improving

Download or read book Equilibrium in Competitive Insurance Markets the Welfare Economics of Moral Hazard II Existence and Nature of Equilibrium written by Arnott, Richard J and published by Kingston, Ont. : Institute for Economic Research, Queen's University. This book was released on 1982 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Competitive Insurance Markets Under Adverse Selection and Capacity Constraints written by Roman Inderst and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Insurance Contracting with the Coexistence of Adverse Selection and Moral Hazard written by Zhiqiang Yan and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The asymmetric information problem has been widely discussed in the context of insurance markets. Most of previous research usually treats adverse selection and moral hazard separately, though it is quite possible that they may coexist and interact with each other. In this paper, we build a principal-agent model to examine optimal contracts in a competitive insurance market facing adverse selection and moral hazard simultaneously. We apply the change-of-variable method and the Kuhn-Tucker conditions to solve the optimization programs and find that there are several forms of separating Nash equilibria, although separating Nash equilibria may not exist. Our model brings richer equilibria and retains some properties in the benchmark models of pure adverse selection and pure moral hazard. For example, no agent is offered full insurance, and the positive correlation between insurance coverage and risk type still holds. Our study on comparative statics indicates that, under some conditions, the optimal indemnity and premium, in general, decrease with the disutility, increase with the potential loss and decrease with the intial wealth of the insured.

Download or read book Equilibrium in Competitive Insurance Markets written by Richard Arnott and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Existence of Equilibria in Competitive Insurance Markets written by Peter S. Faynzilberg and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under the conditions conjectured by Rothschild and Stiglitz (1976)as leading to market failure, we demonstrate the existence of a uniqueequilibrium in a risk-sharing economy with adverse selection. This equilibrium may be separating or partially pooling: in an economy withthree types, for instance, the low- and the medium-risk buyer segmentsmay be offered the same insurance policy.In equilibrium, buyers' indirect utility decreases with their propensityfor accident. When low-risk buyers are prevalent, sellers subsidizetheir operations across segments: they derive a positive profit in thelow-risk segment and incur a loss of equal magnitude in the rest ofthe economy. This leaves high-risk buyers better off than under thefirst-best policy they purchase when sellers are perfectly informed.In contrast to the putative equilibrium of the Rothschild-Stiglitzmodel, the second-best equilibrium depends on the structure of thebuyer population and converges to the first-best of the correspondinghomogeneous population as low- risk buyers become increasingly prevalentin the economy.

Download or read book Equilibrium in a Competitive Insurance Market Under Adverse Selection with Endogenous Information written by Joseph E. Stiglitz and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the existence and nature of equilibrium in a competitive insurance market under adverse selection with endogenously determined information structures. Rothschild-Stiglitz (RS) characterized the self-selection equilibrium under the assumption of exclusivity, enforcement of which required full information about contracts purchased. By contrast, the Akerlof price equilibrium described a situation where the insurance firm has no information about sales to a particular individual. We show that with more plausible information assumptions -- no insurance firm has full information but at least knows how much he has sold to any particular individual -- neither the RS quantity constrained equilibrium nor the Akerlof price equilibrium are sustainable. But when the information structure itself is endogenous -- firms and consumers decide what information about insurance purchases to reveal to whom -- there always exists a Nash equilibrium. Strategies for firms consist of insurance contracts to offer and information-revelation strategies; for customers -- buying as well as information revelation strategies. The equilibrium set of insurance contracts is unique: the low risk individual obtains insurance corresponding to the pooling contract most preferred by him; the high risk individual, that plus (undisclosed) supplemental insurance at his own actuarial odds resulting in his being fully insured. Equilibrium information revelation strategies of firms entail some but not complete information sharing. However, in equilibrium all individuals are induced to tell the truth. The paper shows how the analysis extends to cases where there are more than two groups of individuals and where firms can offer multiple insurance contracts.

Download or read book Adverse Selection in Insurance Contracting written by Georges Dionne and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Equilibrium in Insurance Markets with Asymmetric Information and Adverse Selection written by Jonathan A. K. Cave and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 1984 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines possible outcomes of greater competition in insurance markets. The report describes the nature of insurance offerings in equilibrium if firms offer multiple policies; but it replaces the conventional assumption that each policy must earn nonnegative profits with the more realistic requirement that the portfolio of policies offered by the firm earn nonnegative profits in the aggregate. Theorems regarding the existence, optimality, and uniqueness of the subsidy equilibrium are presented, together with a simple characterization of the subsidy equilibrium and a comparison with existing equilibrium notions. Because the subsidy patterns, from low to high, that emerge under this formulation appear to characterize multiple-option insurance plans such as the Federal Employees Health Benefits Plan, this model may be more useful than conventional methods in the analysis of such plans.

Download or read book Moral Hazard in Health Insurance written by Amy Finkelstein and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2014-12-02 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing the challenge of covering heath care expenses—while minimizing economic risks. Moral hazard—the tendency to change behavior when the cost of that behavior will be borne by others—is a particularly tricky question when considering health care. Kenneth J. Arrow’s seminal 1963 paper on this topic (included in this volume) was one of the first to explore the implication of moral hazard for health care, and Amy Finkelstein—recognized as one of the world’s foremost experts on the topic—here examines this issue in the context of contemporary American health care policy. Drawing on research from both the original RAND Health Insurance Experiment and her own research, including a 2008 Health Insurance Experiment in Oregon, Finkelstein presents compelling evidence that health insurance does indeed affect medical spending and encourages policy solutions that acknowledge and account for this. The volume also features commentaries and insights from other renowned economists, including an introduction by Joseph P. Newhouse that provides context for the discussion, a commentary from Jonathan Gruber that considers provider-side moral hazard, and reflections from Joseph E. Stiglitz and Kenneth J. Arrow. “Reads like a fireside chat among a group of distinguished, articulate health economists.” —Choice

Download or read book Time Risk Precommitment and Adverse Selection in Competitive Insurance Markets written by Mark V. Pauly and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This informal paper explores models of competitve insurance market equilibrium when individuals of initially similar apparent risk experience divergence in risk levels over time. The information structrue is modeled in three alternative ways: all insurers and insureds know risk at any point in time, current insurer and insured know risk, and only the individual knows risk. Insurers always know the average risk. It is shown that some models lead to "backloading" of premiums in which initial period expected expense, and that other models lead to "frontloading" of premiums and policy provisions of "guaranteed renewability." Finally, it is shown that guaranteed renewability greatly reduces the possibility of adverse selection.

Download or read book Adverse Selection and Equilibrium in Liability Insurance Markets written by Larry Berger and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Microeconomics of Insurance written by Ray Rees and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2008 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this relatively short survey, we present the core elements of the microeconomic analysis of insurance markets at a level suitable for senior undergraduate and graduate economics students. The aim of this analysis is to understand how insurance markets work, what their fundamental economic functions are, and how efficiently they may be expected to carry these out.