Download or read book Equality of Educational Opportunity and Knowledgeable Human Capital written by Erwin V. Johanningmeier and published by IAP. This book was released on 2009-10-01 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work explores how the generally accepted definition or measure of equality of educational opportunity at the beginning of the twenty-first century differs from what it was in the immediate postwar era. While there have been differing definitions or measures of equality of educational opportunity, there has been a continual call from education critics and education reformers for more and better mathematics, science, and foreign language in the nation’s schools. This work maintains that public education acquired significance as a vital part of a national agenda in conjunction with three developments. First, the prosperity of the United States after World War II contributed to a consumer dominated culture and the phenomenon of the citizenconsumer. The nation had to expand educational opportunities in response to the increased birth rate in the postwar years and in response to the increased qualifications that the workplace required for entry and employment. Significantly, the nation had the resources to send its children and youth to school for longer and longer periods of time. Better-educated citizens soon took better jobs and they spent paychecks buying everything from new technologies to new and bigger houses and new and bigger cars. Increased household income allowed young members of the family to attend and even complete high school and increased the chance of affording the cost of attending college. Second, by the end of World War II the globalization of the international community was underway, and the United States’ position and role in the international community were clearly challenged by the Soviet Union. As the United States found itself in the Cold War, its national security required an ideological, a military, and a technological strategy. Each of these strategies ultimately depended on higher or post-secondary education, and that had lasting implications for the nation’s elementary and secondary schools. The nation’s engagement in the Cold War required well-educated professionals to secure intelligence and to develop effective propaganda. That engagement also required scientists, mathematicians, engineers to develop and to maintain the technology the nation required for its defense and subsequently for the space race with the Soviet Union. Third and perhaps most importantly, it was becoming increasingly clear in the Cold War Era that the nation would have to address its long history of denying civil rights to some of its citizens, especially but not exclusively, African Americans. As the Supreme Court’s 1954 Brown decision signified, public education was the initial venue where the struggle for racial equality took place.
Download or read book Equal Educational Opportunity A statement of the problem with special reference to recurrent education written by Centre for Educational Research and Innovation and published by H.M. Stationery Office. This book was released on 1971 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Growing Gaps written by Paul Attewell and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-11-05 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last half century has seen a dramatic expansion in access to primary, secondary, and higher education in many nations around the world. Educational expansion is desirable for a country's economy, beneficial for educated individuals themselves, and is also a strategy for greater social harmony. But has greater access to education reduced or exacerbated social inequality? Who are the winners and the losers in the scramble for educational advantage? In Growing Gaps, Paul Attewell and Katherine S. Newman bring together an impressive group of scholars to closely examine the relationship between inequality and education. The relationship is not straightforward and sometimes paradoxical. Across both post-industrial societies and the high-growth economies of the developing world, education has become the central path for upward mobility even as it maintains and exacerbates existing inequalities. In many countries there has been a staggering growth of private education as demand for opportunity has outpaced supply, but the families who must fund this human capital accumulation are burdened with more and more debt. Privatizing education leads to intensified inequality, as students from families with resources enjoy the benefits of these new institutions while poorer students face intense competition for entry to under-resourced public universities and schools. The ever-increasing supply of qualified, young workers face class- or race-based inequalities when they attempt to translate their credentials into suitable jobs. Covering almost every continent, Growing Gaps provides an overarching and essential examination of the worldwide race for educational advantage and will serve as a lasting achievement towards understanding the root causes of inequality.
Download or read book Rethinking Educational Equality written by Andrew T. Kopan and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Equal Educational Opportunity written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Equal Opportunity in the Educational System and The Ethics of Responsibility written by Philippe Deville and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To be "just", a society should treat every child fairly, i.e. with equal concern with regard to his potential education achievements. A person's educational achievements is indeed essential for enhancing her capacity for self-development: ideally, they all should have the same opportunities for achieving a level of formal education that would allow them to further study and compete for the jobs that they are fit for. This requires that the allocation of public educational resources among children should satisfy some principles of justice. Alongside objectives in terms of equality of "extended resources", recent theories of justice have emphasised the importance of taking into account personal responsibility in the design of equal opportunity policies. Allocation rules of educational expenditures should compensate for difference in non-controllable (by the child) determinants of school achievements, but also let freely determined effort levels to be adequately rewarded. Some allocation rules inspired by those requirements are discussed and the underlying reasoning for considering them are questioned along four different dimensions : 1. the child's effort and its determinants 2. the child's "school achievement production function": i.e. substitutability or complementarity between the determinants of school achievements, 3. the importance of externalities within the class room (peer effects) 4. the structure of the secondary school curricula. It is argued that all those dimensions are justifying the importance given to equal opportunity considerations but are also essential in identifying what should be the basic features of an equal opportunity strategy. In particular, they suggest that the focus on responsibility as one essential dimension in the design of such a strategy might be misplaced. But it also points out that an equal opportunity strategy consisting of compensating for inequality in endowments among children should also carefully incorporate various incentives mechanisms that will both enhance the effectiveness of the equality of opportunity strategy while contributing at the same time to the maximisation of the total human capital acquired by the children. Section 1 discusses what is the "equal opportunity" approach to schooling, its raison d'être. Section 2 reviews and critically discuss the basic "equal opportunity" model and its implications. Sections 3 and 4 present modifications and extensions of this framework and section 5 concludes with some policy recommendations.
Download or read book Education Modern Development and Indigenous Knowledge written by Seana McGovern and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book re-conceptualizes the field of international and comparative education by utilizing indigenous knowledge as a central component for altering the dominant, eurocentric social science research paradigm. Examples from indigenous sources of knowledge are juxtaposed to the dominant discourses on education and modern development in subaltern societies in order to provide scholars with alternative ways of viewing education and development and to shape how subaltern peoples are understood and represented in academic research. Bibliography. Index.
Download or read book Education Modern Development and Indigenous Knowledge written by Seana McGovern and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1999 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book re-conceptualizes the field of international and comparative education by utilizing indigenous knowledge as a central component for altering the dominant, eurocentric social science research paradigm. Examples from indigenous sources of knowledge are juxtaposed to the dominant discourses on education and modern development in subaltern societies in order to provide scholars with alternative ways of viewing education and development and to shape how subaltern peoples are understood and represented in academic research. Bibliography. Index.
Download or read book Universities and Global Human Development written by Alejandra Boni and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book makes the case for a critical turn in development thinking around universities and their contributions in making a more equal post-2015 world. It puts forward a normative approach based on human development and the capability approach, one which can gain a hearing from policy, scholarship, and practitioners dealing with practical issues of understanding policy, democratising research and knowledge, and fostering student learning - all key university functions. The book argues that such an approach can elucidate development debates drawing on local, national and international issues and examples to show why higher education matters for sustainable development goals both in educational and social terms. It advocates a new arena of engagement with universities as key sites of development and freedoms beyond human capital and challenges development omissions and gaps around university education. The book explores how the human development approach addresses the following core ideas: the meaning of well-being, the idea of agency, participation and democratic citizenship, how to address inequalities, the relation between local and global, and the idea of equitable partnerships. This book is addressed to researchers and postgraduate students in development studies, university education, the capability approach and human development community.
Download or read book A New Paradigm for Global School Systems written by Joel H. Spring and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher description
Download or read book American Education written by Joel Spring and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-08-14 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Joel Spring’s American Education introduces readers to the historical, political, social, and legal foundations of education and to the profession of teaching in the United States. In his signature straightforward and concise approach to describing complex issues, Spring illuminates events and topics and that are often overlooked or whitewashed, giving students the opportunity to engage in critical thinking about education. In this edition he looks closely at the global context of education in the U.S. Featuring current information and challenging perspectives—with scholarship that is often cited as a primary source, students will come away from this clear, authoritative text informed on the latest topics, issues, and data and with a strong knowledge of the forces shaping of the American educational system. Changes in the 17th Edition include new and updated material and statistics on economic theories related to "skills" education and employability the conflict between a skills approach and cultural diversity political differences regarding education among the Republican, Democratic, Libertarian and Green parties social mobility and equality of opportunity as related to schooling global migration and student diversity in US schools charter schools and home schooling
Download or read book A Broken Social Elevator How to Promote Social Mobility written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-15 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides new evidence on social mobility in the context of increased inequalities of income and opportunities in OECD and selected emerging economies. It covers the aspects of both, social mobility between parents and children and of personal income mobility over the life course, ...
Download or read book The Education Myth written by Jon Shelton and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2023-03-15 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Education Myth questions the idea that education represents the best, if not the only, way for Americans to access economic opportunity. As Jon Shelton shows, linking education to economic well-being was not politically inevitable. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, for instance, public education was championed as a way to help citizens learn how to participate in a democracy. By the 1930s, public education, along with union rights and social security, formed an important component of a broad-based fight for social democracy. Shelton demonstrates that beginning in the 1960s, the political power of the education myth choked off powerful social democratic alternatives like A. Philip Randolph and Bayard Rustin's Freedom Budget. The nation's political center was bereft of any realistic ideas to guarantee economic security and social dignity for the majority of Americans, particularly those without college degrees. Embraced first by Democrats like Lyndon Johnson, Jimmy Carter, and Bill Clinton, Republicans like George W. Bush also pushed the education myth. The result, over the past four decades, has been the emergence of a deeply inequitable economy and a drastically divided political system.
Download or read book Knowledge Power and Dissent written by Guy R. Neave and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is based on the discussions of the 2004 Global Colloquium on Research and Higher Education Policy of the UNESCO Forum for Higher Education, Research and Knowledge, held in Paris in December 2004. It contains contributions from 17 international experts in the field of higher education which explore the global rise of the 'knowledge society' and its implications for higher education and for sustainable human development in the future.
Download or read book Proceedings of the International Conference Theory and Applications in the Knowledge Economy written by Eduardo Tomé and published by Eduardo Tomé. This book was released on 2016-07-08 with total page 923 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreword TAKE 2016 is a dream that came true. In about six months, a group of friends and colleagues put together in an upcoming and very dynamic university a conference with 9 streams, 3 keynotes, and 3 special sessions. 60 papers presented, 6 posters and around 80 participants from 20 countries. This is awesome! I would like to deeply thank Aveiro University, the GOVCOPP research centre, the conference committee, the keynote speakers, the special session convenors, the stream leaders, the reviewers, the authors, and the administrative people for all their work and support. I want to have two special words one for Blazenka Knezevic without whom the website would not have been possible, the other for Gaby Neumann for work in these Proceedings. Scientifically, TAKE seems to be as important and new and far reaching. We don’t have shortage of models regarding the knowledge economy but we decisively lack to explore the relation between theory and practice. TAKE is a step in exploring that difference. We know that “Exact sciences find the best answers and social sciences give the best questions” (J.C. Spender) and we also know that “Knowledge Management is more preached by scholars than done by practitioners” (Aino Kianto). We assume the first idea and try to overcome the second. Hopefully TAKE 2016 will be a great success. Thank you for everything.
Download or read book Research Actionable Knowledge and Social Change written by Edward P. St. John and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-03 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A professional text written for social science researchers and practitioners, Research, Actionable Knowledge and Social Change provides strategies and frameworks for using social science research to engage in critical social and educational problem solving. Combining the best practices of critical analysis and traditional research methods, this professional text offers guidance for using the Action Inquiry Model (AIM), a transformative model that explains how to successfully conduct action-oriented research in a multitude of professional service organizations. The aim of the text is to encourage a new generation of research-based partnerships reforms that promote equity and access for underserved populations. Topics discussed include: The historical precedents for universities engaged in social change The limitations of current social science theory and methods The critical-empirical approach to social research The issues relating to social justice within the policy decision process The use of social research to integrate an emphasis of social justice into economic and policy decision making Research, Actionable Knowledge and Social Change does not propose different foundations for social research, but rather argues that it is necessary to reconsider how to work with theory and research methods to inform change. This text can also be used by students enrolled in graduate and Ed.D/Ph.D Higher Education Leadership programs and graduate programs across professional fields including K-12, public administration, sociology, health, cultural studies, organizational development and organizational theory. It further offers students guidance for research design and dissertation research.
Download or read book A Political Sociology of Educational Knowledge written by Thomas A. Popkewitz and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-01-20 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together the sociology of knowledge, cultural studies, and post-foundational and historical approaches, this book asks what schooling does, and what are its limits and dangers. The focus is on how the systems of reason that govern schooling embody historically generated rules and standards about what is talked about, thought, and acted on; about the "nature" of children; about the practices and paradoxes of educational reform. These systems of reason are examined to consider issues of power, the political, and social exclusion. The transnational perspectives interrelate historical and ethnographic studies of the modern school to explore how curriculum is translated through social and cognitive psychologies that make up the subjects of schooling, and how educational sciences "act" to order and divide what is deemed possible to think and do. The central argument is that taken-for-granted notions of educational change and research paradoxically produce differences that simultaneously include and exclude.
