Download or read book Epidemiology and Etiology of Soybean Seedling Disease Ecology of Seedling Disease Fungi and Evaluation of Fusarium Solani Pathogenicity to Soybean Seedlings written by Joseph Frank Killebrew and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Soybean Seedling Disease Complex written by Margaret Lee Ellis and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Seedling diseases in soybean fields in Ohio have increased over the past decade. This study was conducted to better characterize some of these seedling pathogens, specifically Fusarium graminearum and two new pathogenic species of Pythium, as well as evaluate management strategies, particularly host resistance, for F. graminearum and Pythium irregulare. A rolled towel assay was developed to understand the potential impact of F. graminearum as a soybean pathogen by evaluating the effect of inoculum density, temperature parameters, and fungicide seed treatments on disease development. Inoculum concentrations of 2.5 x 104 macroconidia/ml or higher were necessary for disease development at temperatures 18 to 25°C, indicating that high levels of inoculum may be necessary for disease to occur. Seed treated with captan at 61.9 g a.i. or fludioxonil at 2.5 or 5.0 g a.i. per 100 kg developed smaller lesions than other seed treatments and the non-treated control. The rolled towel assay was used to screen 24 soybean genotypes for resistance to F. graminearum. Five genotypes had high levels of resistance to F. graminearum, including the cultivar Conrad, a major source of partial resistance to Phytophthora sojae. A population of 262 F6:8 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) derived from a cross of Conrad x Sloan (Susceptible) was evaluated for resistance and segregated as a quantitative trait. Four putative quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified from Conrad on chromosomes 8, 13, 15, and 16, and one putative QTL from Sloan on chromosome 19. The putative QTLs identified in this population did not map to the same regions that confer resistance to Ph. sojae, suggesting different mechanisms are required for these two seedling pathogens. In this study, two new species of Pythium, P. schmitthenneri and, P. selbyi, were described using morphology and sequence analysis of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region. These new species were recovered from 30% of fields surveyed which was focused on the identification of seedling pathogens; they are both pathogens to corn and soybean. Pythium irregulare is one of the most widespread Pythium species in Ohio soybean fields and has very high levels of pathogenicity. In a greenhouse assay, 105 soybean genotypes were evaluated for resistance to two isolates of P. irregulare. Isolate x genotype interaction for root weight and rot root score was not significant. The plant introduction (PI) 424354 had high levels of resistance to P. irregulare. Two BC1F2:3 populations were used to map the resistance including: 192 lines of OHS 303 (moderately susceptible) x (Williams (susceptible) x PI 424354) and 127 lines of Dennison (moderately susceptible) x (Williams x PI 424354). Both populations fit the model for quantitative resistance based on root weight and root rot score. Putative QTL were identified on chromosomes 1, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14, and 20. These results suggest PI 424354 can be an important source of partial resistance in developing germplasm for breeding new cultivars with more durable resistance to P. irregulare.
Download or read book Soybean Diseases written by Denis C. McGee and published by American Phytopathological Society. This book was released on 1992 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diseases that are seedborne and seed transmitted; Fungi; Ascochyta leaf spot; Anthracnose; Curvularia cotyledon spot; Downy mildew; Frogeye leaf spot; Phomopsis seed decay; Purple seed stain; Sclerotinia stem rot; Bacteria; Bacterial blight; Bacterial pustule; Bacterial tan spot; Bacterial wilt; Corynebacterium wilt; Wildfire; Viruses; Alfalfa mosaic; Bean pod mottle; Brazilian bud blight; Bud blight; Cowpea mild mottle; Cucumber mosaic; Peanut stunt; Peanut stripe; Soybean mild mosaic; Soybean mosaic; Soybean stunt; Tomato ringspot; Diseases that are seedborne but not seed transmitted; Fungi; Altenaria leaf spot; Botrytis stem rot; Brown spot; Brown stem rot; Charcoal rot; Drechslera blight; Fusarium pod and collar rot; Fusarium root rot; Fusarium wilt; Myrothecium leaf spot; Phyllosticta leaf spot; Phytophthora root rot; Pythium root rot; Rhizoctonia aerial blight; Rhizoctonia root rot; Stem canker; Southern blight; Storage rot; Target spot, Thielaviopsis root rot; Verticillium stem rot; Yeast spot; Bacteria; Bacillus seed decay; Chocolate spot; Viruses; Southern bean mosaic; Diseases that are not seedborne or seed transmitted; Fungi; Choanephora leaf blight; Leptosphaerulina leaf spot; Mycoleptodiscus root rot; Neocosmospora stem rot; Powdery mildew; Red crown rot; Red leaf blotch; Scab; Soybean rust; Stemphylium leaf blight; Sudden death syndrome; Bacteria; Bacterial crinkle leaf spot; Pseudomonas andropogonis leaf spot; Mycoplasmas; Bud proliferation; Machismo; Witches' broom; Viruses; Abutilion mosaic; African soybean dwarf; Azuki mosaic; bean chlorotic ringspot; Bean common mosaic; Bean yellow mosaic; Black gram mottle; Blackeye cowpea mosaic; Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic; Cowpea chlorotic mottle; Cowpea mosaic; Cowpea severe mosaic; Crinkle leaf; Indonesian soybean dwarf; Mung bean yellow mosaic; Peanut mottle; Rhyncosia mosaic; Rosette; Soybean chlorotic mottle; Soybean dwraf; Soybean severe stunt; Soybean yellow vein; Tobacco mosaic; Tomato spotted wilt.
Download or read book Characterization of Soybean Seedborne Fusarium Spp in the State of Kansas USA written by Rodrigo Pedrozo and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fusarium spp. are among the most important pathogen groups on soybeans. However, information regarding this genus on soybean seeds in the state of Kansas remains underexplored. Therefore, the goal of this study was to characterize the identity, frequency, and pathogenicity of soybean seedborne Fusarium spp. in the state of Kansas. For the identification and frequency of seedborne Fusarium spp., culture-dependent (i.e. semi-selective medium) and -independent (i.e. DNA metabarcoding) approaches were used. Also, information regarding the pathogenicity of the most common seedborne Fusarium spp. from soybeans was assessed to better understand their role as soybean pathogens. Overall, eleven Fusarium spp. were identified in this study. Semi-selective media showed that approximately 33% of soybean seed samples were infected with Fusarium spp. Moreover, Fusarium spp. were isolated from seed sampled from 80% of the locations in Kansas. Furthermore, a low incidence of Fusarium spp. was observed within infected seed samples and averaged 2%. Nine Fusarium spp. were found in soybean seeds using the culture-dependent approach. Fusarium semitectum was the most frequent, followed by F. proliferatum and F. verticillioides. Fusarium acuminatum, F. equiseti, F. fujikuroi, F. graminearum, F. oxysporum, and F. thapsinum were found in lower frequencies among naturally infected seeds. DNA metabarcoding experiments showed that Fusarium spp. are more frequent in soybean seeds than previously known. All asymptomatic soybean seeds analyzed, using Illumina MiSeq platform, showed the presence of the genus Fusarium including two pathogenic species, F. proliferatum and F. thapsinum. Fusarium acuminatum, F. merismoides, F. solani, F. semitectum, and Fusarium sp. were also identified using the culture-independent approach. Preliminary results also showed that F. proliferatum and F. thapsinum were observed in all three major soybean seed tissues: seed coat, cotyledons, and the embryo axis. Depending on the soybean genotype, inoculum potential and aggressiveness, F. proliferatum, F. graminearum, F. fujikuroi, F. oxysporum, F. semitectum, F. thapsinum, and F. verticillioides were pathogenic to soybean and negatively affect soybean seed quality, at different levels, in controlled conditions. Moreover, F. equiseti and F. acuminatum did not cause significant damage to soybean seeds and seedlings. Understanding seedborne Fusarium spp. and their influence on soybean seed and seedling diseases is critical for the development of effective disease control strategies, especially regarding early detection of pathogenic strains in seeds (i.e., seed health testing), ensuring the crop productivity, quality, and safety.
Download or read book Rhizoctonia Species Taxonomy Molecular Biology Ecology Pathology and Disease Control written by B. Sneh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rhizoctonia Species: Taxonomy, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Pathology and Control, written by the world's most reputable experts in their respective fields of Rhizoctonia research, summarizes years of research in the various aspects of the ubiquitous complex group of soil-borne fungi belonging to the anamorph genus Rhizoctonia. Species of Rhizoctonia worldwide cause economically important diseases on most of the world's important plants such as cereals, potato, cotton, sugarbeet, vegetables, ornamentals and trees in nurseries. The subject reviews covered in the book include classic as well as modern approaches to Rhizoctonia research in: Taxonomy and Evolution, Genetics and Pathogenicity, Plant-Rhizoctonia Interactions, Ecology, Population and Disease Dynamics, Disease Occurrence and Management in Various Crops, Cultural Control, Biological Control, Germplasm for Resistance, Chemical and Integrated Control Strategies. It aims to be the standard reference source book on Rhizoctonia for the next decade or more, just as Parmeter et al. (1970) has been in the past. It will be an important publication for Rhizoctonia investigators, plant pathologists, students, extension specialists, crop producers and companies dealing with plant disease control.
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seed and Seedling Disease of Corn and Soybean in Ohio written by Kirk Dale Broders and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Both Pythium and Fusarium spp. can be readily isolated from corn and soybeans plants where stand establishment is an issue. In the first study, isolations were made from symptomatic corn and soybean seeds and seedlings collected in Ohio from fields with stand establishment problems, and in a second study soil was collected from 88 locations in Ohio using a stratified sampling strategy and baiting procedure. The results of this study provide a comprehensive view of the Pythium species present in Ohio, their pathogenicity, response to fungicide seed treatment, distribution in Ohio, and response to abiotic properties of the soil, as well as the pathogenicity and fungicide sensitivity of F. graminearum to corn and soybean seedlings. The goals of these studies was to determine which species of Pythium and Fusarium are most commonly associated with seed and seedling disease of corn and soybean, and determine how widespread these pathogens are in the state. In addition, determine which soil properties pH, Ca, Mg, K, P, CEC, OM, percent sand silt and clay, and field capacity are associated with disease caused by Pythium spp., and the formation of Pythium communities. A total of 124 isolates representing 12 different species of Pythium, and 112 isolates of F. graminearum were recovered from diseased corn and soybean seedlings from the first studies. The results demonstrated that there is a large diversity of pathogenic Pythium species in the soils of Ohio. Of the five commercial seed-treatment fungicides tested, none provided adequate control for all twelve Pythium species tested, and fludioxonil was the only fungicide which provided sufficient inhibition of F. graminearum mycelial growth. However several fludioxonil resistant mutants were identified during the sensitivity experiments. P. irregulare, P. inflatum, P. torulosum, P. ultimum var ultimum, P. ultimum var sporangiiferum and P. dissotocum were the most frequently recovered of the 21 species identified in the second study. Greater disease incidence levels were associated with soils with lower levels of Ca, Mg, CEC, and organic matter. Five Pythium communities were identified in this region, and results indicate a strong association between abiotic components pH, Ca, Mg, organic matter, percent clay and field capacity of the soil and the structure of Pythium communities.
Download or read book Index to American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physiology of Fungi written by Vincent W. Cochrane and published by . This book was released on 2022-10-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fusarium Wilt of Banana written by Randy C. Ploetz and published by American Phytopathological Society. This book was released on 1990 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fusarium wilt of banana: some history and current status of the disease; Importante of fusarium wilt in different banana-growing regions; Taxonomy of fungi in the genus fusarium with emphasis on fusarium oxysporum; Genetic exchange within sexual and asexual populations of the genus fusarium; Molecular genetics of plant pathogenic fusarium oxysporum; Using karyotype variability to investigate the origins and relatednes of isolates of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense; Population biology of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense; Biological control of diseases caused by fusarium oxysporum; Influence of mineral nutrition on fusarium wilt: a proposed mechanism involving cell water relations; Host responses to the pathogen; Banana breeding and fusarium wilt; Breeding bananas and plantains for resistance to fusariu m wilt: the track record; Somaclonal resistance in cavendish banana to fusarium wilt; Baseline tissue and cell culture studies for use in banana improvement schemes.
Download or read book The Epidemiology of Plant Diseases written by B. Michael Cooke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-06-18 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant disease epidemiology is a dynamic science that forms an essential part of the study of plant pathology. This book brings together a team of 35 international experts. Each chapter deals with an essential component of the subject and allows the reader to fully understand how each exerts its influence on the progress of pathogen populations in plant populations over a defined time scale. This edition has new, revised and updated chapters.
Download or read book Fungi written by Kevin Kavanagh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-04 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fungi: Biology and Applications, Second Edition provides a comprehensive treatment of fungi, covering biochemistry, genetics and the medical and economic significance of these organisms at introductory level. With no prior knowledge of the subject assumed, the opening chapters offer a broad overview of the basics of fungal biology, in particular the physiology and genetics of fungi and also a new chapter on the application of genomics to fungi. Later chapters move on to include more detailed coverage of topics such as antibiotic and chemical commodities from fungi, new chapters on biotechnological use of fungal enzymes and fungal proteomics, and fungal diseases of humans, antifungal agents for use in human therapy and fungal pathogens of plants.
Download or read book Wheat Blast written by Sudheer Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-09 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat Blast provides systematic and practical information on wheat blast pathology, summarises research progress and discusses future perspectives based on current understanding of the existing issues. The book explores advance technologies that may help in deciding the path for future research and development for better strategies and techniques to manage the wheat blast disease. It equips readers with basic and applied understanding on the identification of disease, its distribution and chances of further spread in new areas, its potential to cause yield losses to wheat, the conditions that favour disease development, disease prediction modelling, resistance breeding methods and management strategies against wheat blast. Features: Provides comprehensive information on wheat blast pathogen and its management under a single umbrella Covers disease identification and diagnostics which will be helpful to check introduction in new areas Discusses methods and protocol to study the different aspects of the disease such as diagnostics, variability, resistance screening, epiphytotic creation etc. Gives deep insight on the past, present and future outlook of wheat blast research progress This book’s chapters are contributed by experts and pioneers in their respective fields and it provides comprehensive insight with updated findings on wheat blast research. It serves as a valuable reference for researchers, policy makers, students, teachers, farmers, seed growers, traders, and other stakeholders dealing with wheat.
Download or read book Phytopathogenic Bacteria and Plant Diseases written by BS Thind and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-08-08 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of Phytobacteriology is rapidly advancing and changing, because of recent advances in genomics and molecular plant pathology, but also due to the global spread of bacterial plant diseases and the emergence of new bacterial diseases. So, there is a need to integrate understanding of bacterial taxonomy, genomics, and basic plant pathology that reflects state-of-the-art knowledge about plant-disease mechanisms. This book describes seventy specific bacterial plant diseases and presents up-to-date classification of plant pathogenic bacteria. It would be of great help for scientists and researchers in conducting research on ongoing projects or formulation of new research projects. The book will also serve as a text book for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of disciplines of Phytobacteriology and Plant Pathology. Contains latest and updated information of plant pathogenic bacteria till December 2018 Describes seventy specific bacterial diseases Presents classification of the bacteria and associated nomenclature based on Bergey’s Manual Systematic Bacteriology and International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Discusses practical and thoroughly tested disease management strategies that would help in controlling enormous losses caused by these plant diseases Reviews role of Type I-VI secretion systems and peptide- or protein-containing toxins produced by bacterial plant pathogens Briefs about plants and plant products that act as carriers of human enteric bacterial pathogens, like emphasizing role of seed sprouts as a common vehicle in causing food-borne illness Dr B. S. Thind was ex-Professor-cum-Head, Department of Plant Pathology, Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana, India. He has 34 years of experience in teaching, research, and transfer of technology. He has conducted research investigations on bacterial blight of rice, bacterial stalk rot of maize, bacterial blight of cowpea, bacterial leaf spot of green gram, bacterial leaf spot of chillies and bacterial soft rot of potatoes. He also acted as Principal Investigator of two ICAR-funded research schemes entitled, "Detection and control of phytopathogenic bacteria from cowpea and mungbean seeds from 1981 to 1986 and "Perpetuation, variability, and control of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the causal agent of bacterial blight of rice" from 1989 to 1993, and also of a DST funded research scheme "Biological control of bacterial blight, sheath blight, sheath rot, and brown leaf spot of rice" from 1999 to 2002. He also authored a manual entitled, "Plant Bacteriology" and a text book entitled, "Phytopathogenic Procaryotes and Plant Diseases" published by Scientific Publishers (India). He is Life member of Indian Phytopathological Society, Indian Society of Plant Pathologists, Indian Society of Mycology and Plant Pathology, and Indian Science Congress Association.
Download or read book History of Soybeans and Soyfoods in Canada 1831 2019 written by William Shurtleff; Akiko Aoyagi and published by Soyinfo Center. This book was released on 2019-09-14 with total page 1632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's most comprehensive, well documented and well illustrated book on this subject. With extensive subject and geographical index. 224 photographs and illustrations - mostly color. Free of charge in digital PDF format on Google Books.
Download or read book Legume Crops written by Mirza Hasanuzzaman and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-10-21 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a sustainable agricultural system, legume crops are one of the essential components. However, improving the productivity of legume crops and improving their tolerance to adverse environments are essential tasks for plant biologists. This book includes nine comprehensive chapters addressing various aspects of legume crop biology, production and importance. There are several chapters on the adaptation of legumes to an adverse environment. Particular focus is provided on the sustainable production of legume crops under changing environments. This book will be useful for undergraduate and graduate students, teachers, and researchers, particularly from the field of Crop Science, Soil Science, Plant Breeding and Agronomy.
Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 938 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
