Download or read book EPA s Proposed Policy on Wastewater Blending written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In November 2003 the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed a policy regarding a type of wastewater treatment practice called blending. Some cities use blending to manage peak flows of water and waste into wastewater treatment plants during and after storms as a way to prevent conditions that otherwise result in raw sewage backups into homes and other buildings or overflows into nearby waters. Blending involves routing excess wastewater around the plant's biological treatment processes and recombining this excess flow with fully treated wastewater before discharging it to a stream or lake. As of February 2005, EPA has not yet issued a final version of the blending policy, which is intended to clarify when the practice can be allowed and still adhere to Clean Water Act regulations and requirements. Although blending has been standard engineering practice for several decades as a way to manage peak stormwater flows, controversy exists about the practice, both among stakeholder groups and also internally at EPA, where enforcement officials have challenged the practice and in some cases opposed allowing cities to use it. Others at EPA believe that, with certain restrictions, the practice is legal and environmentally protective. This report provides background on blending, why and how it is practiced, EPA's proposed policy, associated issues, and congressional interest in the topic. It will be updated as warranted. Criticism of blending focuses on three concerns: legality of the practice, impacts on public health and the environment, and other policy issues. A number of groups and interests have weighed in on all of these issues, especially in comments on the November 2003 proposed policy. Environmental advocates say that the practice of blending is inconsistent with existing rules that prohibit intentional bypass of a treatment facility. These groups have also raised substantial concern about public health and environmental impacts from discharges of wastes that contain pathogenic organisms. Many cities and municipal organizations support the EPA policy and practice of blending, saying that if cities are barred from blending, they are forced to make costly infrastructure investments, with limited benefit. While a number of states support the EPA policy, others oppose it for reasons including concern that the policy would undermine incentives for cities to remedy the infrastructure problems that result in sewage overflows. In Congress, these issues have drawn some attention. In January 2004, Members with differing views wrote to EPA to express concerns about the proposed EPA policy. Congress has several options at this point, ranging from allowing EPA to handle the issue administratively, to conducting oversight of issues raised by the proposed policy, or to legislating in order to direct EPA's actions, by expressly permitting, prohibiting, or modifying the policy. Legislation intended to bar EPA from issuing blending rules or guidance was introduced in the 108th Congress (H.R. 5421), but no action occurred on the bill.
Download or read book EPA s Proposed Policy on Wastewater Blending written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In November 2003 the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed a policy regarding a type of wastewater treatment practice called blending. Some cities use blending to manage peak flows of water and waste into wastewater treatment plants during and after storms as a way to prevent conditions that otherwise result in raw sewage backups into homes and other buildings or overflows into nearby waters. Blending involves routing excess wastewater around the plant's biological treatment processes and recombining this excess flow with fully treated wastewater before discharging it to a stream or lake. As of February 2005, EPA has not yet issued a final version of the blending policy, which is intended to clarify when the practice can be allowed and still adhere to Clean Water Act regulations and requirements. Although blending has been standard engineering practice for several decades as a way to manage peak stormwater flows, controversy exists about the practice, both among stakeholder groups and also internally at EPA, where enforcement officials have challenged the practice and in some cases opposed allowing cities to use it. Others at EPA believe that, with certain restrictions, the practice is legal and environmentally protective. This report provides background on blending, why and how it is practiced, EPA's proposed policy, associated issues, and congressional interest in the topic. It will be updated as warranted. Criticism of blending focuses on three concerns: legality of the practice, impacts on public health and the environment, and other policy issues. A number of groups and interests have weighed in on all of these issues, especially in comments on the November 2003 proposed policy. Environmental advocates say that the practice of blending is inconsistent with existing rules that prohibit intentional bypass of a treatment facility. These groups have also raised substantial concern about public health and environmental impacts from discharges of wastes that contain pathogenic organisms. Many cities and municipal organizations support the EPA policy and practice of blending, saying that if cities are barred from blending, they are forced to make costly infrastructure investments, with limited benefit. While a number of states support the EPA policy, others oppose it for reasons including concern that the policy would undermine incentives for cities to remedy the infrastructure problems that result in sewage overflows. In Congress, these issues have drawn some attention. In January 2004, Members with differing views wrote to EPA to express concerns about the proposed EPA policy. Congress has several options at this point, ranging from allowing EPA to handle the issue administratively, to conducting oversight of issues raised by the proposed policy, or to legislating in order to direct EPA's actions, by expressly permitting, prohibiting, or modifying the policy. Legislation intended to bar EPA from issuing blending rules or guidance was introduced in the 108th Congress (H.R. 5421), but no action occurred on the bill.
Download or read book Wastewater Blending written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Allocated Impact Zones for Areas of Non compliance written by William A. Brungs and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technical Support Document for Water Quality based Toxics Control written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Water and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wastewater Blending written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guidelines for Water Reuse written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Process Design Manual for Upgrading Existing Wastewater Treatment Plants written by Metcalf & Eddy and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water Pollution EPA Has Improved Its Review of Effluent Guidelines But Could Benefit from More Information on Treatment Technologies GAO 12 845 written by U. s. Government Accountability Office and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2013-03-15 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) uses a two-phase process to identify industrial categories potentially needing new or revised effluent guidelines to help reduce their pollutant discharges. EPA's 2002 draft Strategy for National Clean Water Industrial Regulations was the foundation for EPA's process. In the first, or “screening,” phase, EPA uses data from two EPA databases to rank industrial categories according to the total toxicity of their wastewater. Using this ranking, public comments, and other considerations, EPA has identified relatively few industrial categories posing the highest hazard for the next, or “further review,” phase. In this further review phase, EPA evaluates the categories to identify those that are appropriate for new or revised guidelines because treatment technologies are available to reduce pollutant discharges. Since 2003, EPA has regularly screened the 58 categories for which it has issued effluent guidelines, as well as some potential new industrial categories, and it has identified 12 categories for its further review phase. Of these 12 categories, EPA selected 3 for updated or new effluent guidelines. EPA chose not to set new guidelines for the others. Limitations in EPA's screening phase may have led it to overlook some industrial categories that warrant further review for new or revised effluent guidelines. Specifically, EPA has relied on limited hazard data that may have affected its ranking of industrial categories. Further, during its screening phase, EPA has not considered the availability of advanced treatment technologies for most industrial categories. Although its 2002 draft strategy recognized the importance of technology data, EPA has stated that such data were too difficult to obtain during the screening phase and, instead, considers them for the few categories that reach further review. Officials responsible for state water quality programs and experts on industrial discharges, however, identified categories they believe EPA should examine for new or updated guidelines to reflect changes in their industrial processes and treatment technology capabilities. According to some experts, consideration of treatment technologies is especially important for older effluent guidelines because changes are more likely to have occurred in either the industrial categories or the treatment technologies, making it possible that new, more advanced treatment technologies are available. Recognizing the limitations of its hazard data and overall screening approach, EPA has begun revising its process but has not assessed other possible sources of information it could use to improve the screening phase. In 2012, EPA supplemented the hazard data used in screening with four new data sources. EPA is also developing a regulation that, through electronic reporting, will increase the completeness and accuracy of its hazard data. In 2011, EPA also began to obtain recent treatment technology literature. According to EPA, the agency will expand on this work in 2013. Nonetheless, EPA has not thoroughly examined other usable sources of information on treatment technology, nor has it reassessed the role such information should take in its screening process. Without a more thorough and integrated screening approach that both uses improved hazard data and considers information on treatment technology, EPA cannot be certain that the effluent guidelines program reflects advances in the treatment technologies used to reduce pollutants in wastewater.
Download or read book EPA Guidance on Application of State Mixing Zone Policies in EPA issued NPDES Permits written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture written by Hiroshan Hettiarachchi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a broad and global level description of the current status of wastewater use in agriculture and then brings the readers to various places in the MENA Region and Europe to explain how some countries and regions have addressed the challenges during implementation. On a global scale, over 20 million hectares of agricultural land are irrigated using wastewater. This is one good, and perhaps the most prominent, example of the safe use potential of wastewater. Water scarcity and the cost of energy and fertilisers are among the main factors driving millions of farmers and other entrepreneurs to make use of wastewater. In order to address the technical, institutional, and policy challenges of safe water reuse, developing countries and countries in transition need clear institutional arrangements and more skilled human resources, with a sound understanding of the opportunities and potential risks of wastewater use. Stakeholders in wastewater irrigation who need to implement from scratch or improve current conditions, find it difficult to gather the necessary information on practical implementation aspects. The main objective of this book is to bridge that gap.
Download or read book Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems written by Bennette Day Burks and published by Hogarth House Limited. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental History of Water written by Petri S. Juuti and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2007-02-01 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Water Development Report 2003 pointed out the extensive problem that: 'Sadly, the tragedy of the water crisis is not simply a result of lack of water but is, essentially, one of poor water governance.' Cross-sectional and historical intra-national and international comparisons have been recognized as a valuable method of study in different sectors of human life, including technologies and governance. Environmental History of Water fills this gap, with its main focus being on water and sanitation services and their evolution. Altogether 34 authors have written 30 chapters for this multidisciplinary book which divides into four chronological parts, from ancient cultures to the challenges of the 21st century, each with its introduction and conclusions written by the editors. The authors represent such disciplines as history of technology, history of public health, public policy, development studies, sociology, engineering and management sciences. This book emphasizes that the history of water and sanitation services is strongly linked to current water management and policy issues, as well as future implications. Geographically the book consists of local cases from all inhabited continents. The key penetrating themes of the book include especially population growth, health, water consumption, technological choices and governance. There is great need for general, long-term analysis at the global level. Lessons learned from earlier societies help us to understand the present crisis and challenges. This new book, Environmental History of Water, provides this analysis by studying these lessons.
Download or read book EPA Region VIII Policy Statement written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Region VIII. Water Management Division and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Federal Register written by and published by . This book was released on 2013-06 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water Pollution Controls written by Julia Crawford and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forty years after the Clean Water Act set a national goal of eliminating the discharge of pollutants into navigable U.S. waters, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has made significant progress in reducing pollution from industrial facilities; nevertheless, pollution from these facilities continues to cause concern. EPA's actions to reduce this pollution have included establishing national technology-based regulations, or effluent guidelines, for separate industrial categories, such as petroleum refining, fertiliser manufacturing, coal mining, and metal finishing. Relatively few effluent guidelines have been revised or created in recent years and environmental advocacy groups continue to raise concerns because industrial facilities annually discharge hundreds of billions, and perhaps trillions of pounds of pollutants to U.S. waters. This book examines water pollution controls with a focus on effluent guidelines, total maximum daily loads and stormwater permits.
Download or read book Congressional Record Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 1972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes history of bills and resolutions.
