Download or read book Enzymatic Degradation and Drug Release Behavior of Dense Collagen Implants written by Iris Metzmacher and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Enzymatic Degradation of Collagen written by James Robert Hinrichs and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mechanochemical in Vitro Investigation of the Enzymatic Degradation of Collagen mucopolysaccharide Composite Materials written by David Warren Taylor and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mechanical Properties and Rate of Enzymatic Degradation of Collagen mucopolysaccharide Composite Materials written by Pedro Guillermo Hijar-Fernandez and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cyclic Tensile Loading and Enzymatic Degradation of Collagen Scaffolds for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction written by Lara A. Olterman and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cell Biology of Extracellular Matrix written by E.D. Hay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the ten-year interval since the first edition of this volume went to press, our knowledge of extracellular matrix (ECM) function and structure has enor mously increased. Extracellular matrix and cell-matrix interaction are now routine topics in the meetings and annual reviews sponsored by cell biology societies. Research in molecular biology has so advanced the number of known matrix molecules and the topic of gene structure and regulation that we won dered how best to incorporate the new material. For example, we deliberated over the inclusion of chapters on molecular genetics. We decided that with judicious editing we could present the recent findings in molecular biology within the same cell biology framework that was used for the first edition, using three broad headings: what is extracellular matrix, how is it made, and what does it do for cells? Maintaining control over the review of literature on the subject of ECM was not always an easy task, but we felt it was essential to production of a highly readable volume, one compact enough to serve the the student as an introduction and the investigator as a quick update on graduate the important recent discoveries. The first edition of this volume enjoyed con hope the reader finds this edition equally useful. siderable success; we D. Hay Elizabeth vii Contents Introductory Remarks 1 Elizabeth D. Hay PART I. WHAT IS EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX? Chapter 1 Collagen T. F. Linsenmayer 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2. The Collagen Molecule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2. 1. Triple-Helical Domain(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Download or read book Extracellular Matrix written by M. A. Haralson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of the extracellular matrix (the material that surrounds cells and tissues) span much of modern biological research. In addition to providing structure to organisms the extracellular matrix is crucial in determining cell growth, how the cell responds during injury and development and what the cell makes. Changes in the extracellular matrix are important components in both inherited and acquired diseases such as diabetes and cancer. This important volume brings together undera single cover the majority of techniques currently employed in extracellular matrix research and will serve as an indispensable resource for researchers and clinicians in this field.

Download or read book Altered Enzyme Mechanokinetic Cleavage of Type I Collagen Following Glycation written by Jonathan William Bourne and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent molecular modeling data using collagen peptides suggested that mechanical force transmitted through intermolecular cross-links resulted in collagen triple helix unwinding. These simulations further predicted that this unwinding, referred to as microunfolding, occurred at forces well below canonical collagen damage mechanisms. Based in large part on these data, we hypothesized that mechanical loading of glycation cross-linked tendon microfibers would result in accelerated collagenolytic enzyme damage. This hypothesis is in stark contrast to reports in literature that indicated that individually mechanical loading and cross-linking individually retard enzymatic degradation of collagen substrates. Using our Collagen Enzyme MechanoKinetic Automated Testing (CEMKAT) System we mechanically loaded collagen-rich tendon microfibers that had been chemically cross-linked with sugar and tested for collagenase susceptibility. Our results indicated that cross-linked fibers were >5 times more resistant to enzymatic degradation while unloaded but became highly susceptible to enzyme cleavage when they were stretched as a mechanical force was applied.

Download or read book Wound Healing and Skin Physiology written by Peter Altmeyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 701 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On the occasion of the European Congress on Wound Healing and Skin Physiology (Bochum, Germany, November 1992), an international team of scientists and clinicians discussed the core topics in this important field of dermatological and surgical research. Themes include morphology and physiology, microcirculation and angiogenesis, biochemistry and immunology, microbiology and wound infection, non-invasive measurement techniques, wound repair, surgical treatment, dressings, and agents that promote wound healing.

Download or read book Effects of Compression and Enzymatic Degradation on Intra tissue Strain and Birefringence in a Collagen Hydrogel based in Vitro Model of Tumor Stroma written by Santiago Correa and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of Chemical Modification on the Enzymatic Degradation of Acellular Matrix ACM Processed Biomaterials written by Paul F. Gratzer and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, the effects of specific chemical modifications of amino add sidechains on the in vitro degradation of 'native' collagen (obtained from acellular matrix (ACM) processed arteries) and 'purified' type I collagen (extracted from bovine Achilles tendon) was studied. Two monofunctional epoxides of different size and chemistry were used to modify lysine with or without methylglyoxal modification of arginine. Carboxyl groups of aspartic and glutamic acids were modified with glycine methyl ester. The reagent 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) was used as a basis for comparison of the effects of crosslinking with chemical modification. EDC treatment was studied under two different pH conditions: (i) pH controlled at an optimal value of 5.5 and (ii) a simpler-but industrially significant--uncontrolled pH system. Biochemical, thermomechanical, tensile mechanical, shear stiffness and multi-enzyme (collagenase, cathepsin B, (acetyl)trypsin) in vitro enzyme analyses were used to determine the effects of each modification. Carboxyl capping had no effect on the structure of native ACM collagen as determined by thermo- or tensile mechanical testing. Increased collagen solubilization by enzymes, with the exception of cathepsin B, was observed after carboxyl capping. In contrast, lysine modification destabilized native ACM collagen with the larger, hydrophobic epoxide having the greater effect. In general, enzymatic solubilization of collagen was either unaltered or decreased after modification with the smaller, hydrophilic epoxide, whereas the larger, hydrophobic epoxide increased solubilization. Analysis of collagen fragments solubilized by trypsin and acetyltrypsin revealed that sites of cleavage were altered after lysine and arginine modification. Differences were also observed in the solubilization of (i) purified type I collagen and (ii) native ACM collagen by collagenase. In comparison, both EDC treatments were equally effective in stabilizing native ACM collagen against solubilization by enzymes in vitro. EDC crosslinking of ACM arteries significantly increased thermal denaturation temperatures, treatment with pH control having the greatest effect. Crosslinking without pH control, however, consumed more lysine residues and increased shear stiffness to a greater degree (21x compared to 14x with pH control). The observed differences are attributed to differences in the location or type of EDC crosslinks formed which differentially affected mechanical behaviour without affecting the increase in resistance to enzymatic degradation. In summary, chemical modification without crosslinking can prevent degradation. This effect however, is not as broad-based as that produced by EDC crosslinking. The effects of chemical modification depended on the modifying reagent, the amino acid(s) modified, and architecture of the substrate. The ability to modulate the enzyme degradation of tissue-derived materials as demonstrated in this study may, however, facilitate the design of novel engineering scaffolds for tissue regeneration or collagen based drug delivery systems.

Download or read book Computational Nanomechanics of Collagen Deformation and Its Effect on Enzyme Mechano kinetic Cleavage written by Jonathan William Bourne and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fibrillar collagens contribute to soft-tissue biomechanical properties throughout the body. Several studies have shown that mechanical force on collagen substrates can retard collagenase activity. This change in collagenase activity was attributed to collagen conformational changes during loading. As experimental techniques to mechanically load individual collagen molecules and resolve conformational changes are limited, I utilized steered molecular dynamics (SMD) to conduct in silico collagen molecule mechanical loading experiments. Due to collagen's multi-scale structure, significant mechanical force is transmitted across covalent intermolecular cross-links. I hypothesized that force through an amino acid side-chain, directed perpendicularly away from to the long axis of the molecule, could locally unwind the triple helix. Using SMD I conducted single molecule mechanical loading simulations, and results predicted that sub-nanonewton forces were capable of locally unwinding the collagen triple helix. These simulations were the first evidence to suggest that the collagen triple helix could be mechanically disrupted at physiologic force levels. These simulations predicted that force transmission across cross-links might disrupt the triple helix. Using collagenase to indirectly probe for triple helix unwinding, I hypothesized that cross-linked collagen substrates would show increasing susceptibility to collagenase with higher applied force. I mechanically deformed collagen substrates and measured degradation when exposed to collagenase to test this hypothesis. Cross-linked collagen was highly resistant to enzymatic degradation when unloaded and at low applied tensile strain, and became highly susceptible to degradation as strain increased above ~2.25%. These data provided support for the SMD predictions and suggested a previously unrealized role of collagen cross-links in tissue turnover and repair. These experimental results suggested that tensile deformation did not prevent or reverse triple helix disruption. To confirm this, I conducted SMD simulations that first applied a tensile deformation along the long axis of the collagen molecule, and then applied a perpendicular force to the molecule. Computational predictions indicated that triple helix unwinding thresholds were not significantly different with increasing axial strain, while the measured bending stiffness increased. Of interest, this loading model is proposed as an initial nanoscale model of cell migration on a stretched collagen matrix, and highlights new mechanical complexity exhibited by collagen.

Download or read book Biodegradable Systems in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine written by Rui L. Reis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-11-29 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conventional materials technology has yielded clear improvements in regenerative medicine. Ideally, however, a replacement material should mimic the living tissue mechanically, chemically, biologically and functionally. The use of tissue-engineered products based on novel biodegradable polymeric systems will lead to dramatic improvements in health

Download or read book Connective Tissues written by R. Fricke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: connective tissues are essential for the physical functioning of the animals's body. The condition of the various connective tissues is governed by biochemical factors, anabolism and catabolism, that are controlled by specific enzymes. Any change outside the normal range of metabolism, for instance induced by immunological reactions, may induce a pathological disturbance. The result can be acute or chronic inflammation, or loss of normal function, expressed in loosening, dilatation, breaking, wear, stiffness, shrinking, scars, stenosis, and cirrhosis or any other kind of fibrosis. A first step toward improving our understanding of the feedback mecha nism that maintains the biological status and texture of a given connective tissue is to combine what is known about synthesis and enzymatic degradation of the components of fibers and ground substance. Common pathological phenomena like chronic inflammation of immune reactions can be either the result of the cause of disturbances in the sensitive balance of connective tissue metabolism. Nowadays con nective tissues are less and less regarded as brady trophic tissue but rather as a stimulating and many-sided problem of research. Before we can understand the pathogenesis of the connective tissue diseases that result in the destructive processes mentioned above, basic research will be necessary. This research will be furthered by a constant exchange of information and the results of· observations. To promote this exchange of information between scientists, symposia on connective tissue research are organized at regular intervals.

Download or read book Molecular Biology of The Cell written by Bruce Alberts and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Metabolic Bone Disease and Clinically Related Disorders written by Louis V. Avioli and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1997-10-08 with total page 843 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metabolic Bone Disease, Third Edition is the new, expanded edition of the classic text, featuring the latest advancements and research information in this fast-moving field. The Third Edition includes the most up-to-date information on molecular mechanisms, basic biology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis and management strategies of metabolic bone disease. Edited by "fathers of the field" An expanded version of a classic AP text Complete coverage of a fast-growing field

Download or read book Topics in Dental Biochemistry written by Martin Levine and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-25 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last 20 years, biochemistry and molecular biology have undergone a revolution that has affected our understanding of the oral cavity. Topics in Dental Biochemistry is primarily designed for students of dentistry who need to relate biochemistry and molecular biology to dentally related topics in physiology, nutrition, anatomy, histology, microbiology, and immunology. The book will also be of value for dental professionals, scientists, and practitioners of medicine who are interested in hard and soft tissue structure and disease. It provides the necessary basic scientific background for a clearer understanding of bone, tooth, saliva, and surrounding soft tissue research and also for an appreciation of how dental caries and periodontal disease might be better diagnosed and controlled in the future. Dentistry was developed to treat dental caries, but since the early 20th century it has increasingly been treating periodontal, traumatic and genetic diseases affecting tooth structure and attachment. Fluoridation is discussed at length. Other methods for controlling dental caries and new or suggested methods for controlling oral hygiene and periodontal disease are also discussed.