Download or read book Environmental Impacts from Stream Acidification on Brook Trout Populations in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park written by Keil Jason Neff and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research supports development of aquatic resource management strategies to address acid deposition in the Great Smoky Mountain National Park (GRSM) by 1) developing relationships between baseflow and stormflow chemical constituents and examining effects of elevation, area, geology, soil, and vegetation on stream chemistry; 2) evaluating physiological condition in brook trout in relation to changes in stream chemistry during stream acidification episodes, and 3) evaluating brook trout metrics with respect to stream chemistry, basin characteristics, and ecologically relevant hydrologic parameters. (1) Stream chemistry was monitored in eight GRSM streams considering basin area, site elevation, Anakeesta geology, soil, and vegetation. Following precipitation events, pH was significantly reduced and aluminum concentrations increased, while the concentration response of ANC, nitrate, sulfate, and base cations varied. Higher pH and ANC concentrations were observed in large and low-elevation streams. (2) Caged brook trout were exposed to two acid episodes during in situ bioassays conducted in three GRSM streams. Stream pH decreased (>0.7 pH units) and total dissolved aluminum increased (>0.175 mg/L) at all three sites during acid episodes. Whole-body sodium concentrations were significantly reduced (10-20%) when preceding 24-h time weighted average pH values (4.88, 5.09, 4.87) and corresponding 24-h aluminum concentrations (210, 202, 202 [mu]g/L). Lower whole-body sodium concentrations were correlated with elevated proton and aluminum concentrations indicating physiological distress. (3) Water chemistry, hydrology and physical basin factors influenced brook trout distributions and densities in 16 collocated fish and water quality sampling sites (1990-2009). Higher concentrations of ANC, pH, sodium, and soil cation exchange capacity, and higher fall flows were associated with the presence of brook trout. Trout densities were higher in streams with higher concentrations of sodium, suggesting that sodium may ameliorate the effects of acid toxicity. These relationships provide useful information where GRSM managers can prioritize conservation and restoration efforts.

Download or read book Brook Trout of Great Smoky Mountains National Park written by Robert E. Lennon and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brook trout of Great Smoky Mountains National Park are relatively scarce and are found only in remote, headwater streams. They are also small and short-lived. Males outnumber females, especially among sexually mature fish. The fecundity is lower than in fish of comparable size in Wisconsin and Canadian waters. Under present conditions, any increase in exploitation of the brook trout in the Park or damaging alteration of the habitat might have serious consequences for the remanent populations.

Download or read book Changes in Distribution of Trout in Great Smoky Mountains National Park 1900 1977 written by George Alan Kelly and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant changes have occurred in the distribution of trout in streams of Great Smoky Mountains National Park since 1900. By the mid-1970's the original range of the native brook trout had been reduced by about 70% and the species was relegated to suboptimal habitat in head water streams. Most of the stream sections lost by brook trout became the territory of the introduced rainbow trout, which in 1977 occupied about 80% of the Park waters. After 1950, brown trout introduced in State waters outside the Park established reproducing populations in some 50 miles of stream formerly occupied only by rainbow trout. If current trends continue, the recovery of brook trout in Park water may be difficult, if not impossible, and brown trout may occupy much of the territory now held by rainbow trout.

Download or read book Physiological Stress in Native Brook Trout Salvelinus Fontinalis During Episodic Acidification of Streams in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Episodes of stream acidification are suspected to be the primary cause of the extirpation of native southern brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) from six headwater streams in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM). During periods of increased flow from storm events, stream pH can drop below 5.0 (minimum of 4.0) for 2-days or longer. To provide evidence that native brook trout are impacted by stream acidification, in situ bioassay experiments were conducted. Changes in stream water chemistry and brook trout physiology were determined during a 36-hour acidic episode at three remote headwater stream sites in the Middle Prong of the Little Pigeon River watershed. Conductivity, pH, turbidity, stage height and temperature were monitored continuously; and water samples were collected for laboratory analyses (metals, cations, anions, ANC). Native brook trout were put in cages at the three sites and fish were sampled before and after the acid storm event. Physiological stress in brook trout was assessed by measuring whole-body sodium in individual fish sampled before and after the stormflow, and evaluating whole-body sodium loss as a response to acid conditions. The pH decreased at all three sites during the acidic episode. Stream pH dropped to approximately 5.0 at two sites and 4.66 at the third site. Prior to the storm, there was no difference in the whole-body sodium concentrations in trout between the three sites. Following the storm event, in trout from the site that experienced the lowest pH, whole-body sodium levels were reduced significantly relative to a) the pre-storm condition and b) trout from the other sites. Results demonstrate that stream acidification can negatively affect native southern brook trout physiology in the GRSM under actual field conditions. Trout lose the ability to regulate critical blood ions, as exemplified by a loss of whole-body sodium, when stream pH was less than 5.0 for 20 hours. Loss of sodium is an important indication of physiological stress in fish exposed to acid waters. This observation supports the hypothesis that episodic acidification of streams could be limiting native brook trout from occupying headwater streams in the GRSM.

Download or read book An Assessment of Trout Populations and Water Chemistry in Streams Receiving Acidic Deposition in Great Smoky Mountains National Park written by Paul P. Piszczek and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Experience in Abating Disease Among Brook Trout written by Albert Rosenberg and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Water Chemistry and Watershed Characteristics on Populations of Trout in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to combine fish, water quality, and watershed data- bases in order to determine what relationships exist between trout biomass and base flow water quality in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM). Quarterly base flow water quality data collected from 1993 to 2003 at 31 stream sites in the GRSM were used in step-wise multiple linear regression models to analyze brook and rainbow trout biomass (kg/ha). Stream samples were analyzed for pH, acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), conductivity, major cations, and major anions. The potential predictor variables included seasonality, basin characteristics, USGS stream flow data as surrogate hydrologic data, precipitation data, e.g. cumulative inches of rain on preceding days, and water quality data. Each of the predictor variables were found to be statistically significant (p

Download or read book Brook Trout of Great Smoky Mountains National Park Classic Reprint written by Robert E. Lennon and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-04-27 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Brook Trout of Great Smoky Mountains National Park Stocking of rainbow trout began soon after 1900 and became frequent and heavy after 1910 in every major stream in the Great Smoky Mountains Much of this stocking was done by logging companies The species has thrived and moved upstream and into tributary waters In some virgin wilderness areas of the Park, the rainbow invaded brook trout habitat and the native species became reduced in numbers and range (king. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book Brook Trout of Great Smoky Mountains National Park written by United States. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brook trout of Great Smoky Mountains National Park are relatively scarce and are found only in remote, headwater streams. They are also small and short-lived. Males outnumber females, especially among sexually mature fish. The fecundity is lower than in fish of comparable size in Wisconsin and Canadian waters. Under present conditions, any increase in exploitation of the brook trout in the Park or damaging alteration of the habitat might have serious consequences for the remanent populations.

Download or read book The Influence of Hydrological Patterns on Brook Trout Salvelinus Fontinalis and Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss Population Dynamics in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrologic processes impact the functioning of aquatic ecosystems and influence fish population dynamics. The flow regime of a stream affects the structure, composition, and productivity of fish communities by regulating abiotic habitat conditions and biotic community processes. In the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM), native brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations have declined in some watersheds over the past decade, believed to be primarily due to episodic acidification. The potential affects long-term hydrologic patterns, temporal hydrologic trends, and hydrologic extremes have on brook and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) populations were explored in this study. The current GRSM fish sampling program began nearly two decades ago; a total of 69 streams, including 369 sites, are routinely sampled by GRSM fisheries biologists with standard methods. Detailed data is collected on the trout populations. The Nature Conservancy's Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA) was used to quantify the flow regime of each stream into 67 ecological relevant parameters. Because the trout sites were located in remote ungaged streams, the Hydrologic Simulation Program FORTRAN (HSPF) was used to simulate flows at each trout site for a study period lasting 18 years (1990-2007). Using local climate data the model was calibrated by adjusting parameters including storage, infiltration, runoff, and ground water for three elevation classes (low

Download or read book Implications of Biannual Removal of Rainbow Trout on Brook Trout Management in Great Smoky Mountains National Park written by Bart D. Carter and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Habitat Suitability Index Model for Brook Trout in Streams of the Southern Blue Ridge Province written by Christopher J. Schmitt and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Comparison of Wild and Hatchery Brook Trout in Spruce Flats Branch Great Smoky Mountains National Park Classic Reprint written by W. Douglas Harned and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-11-18 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Comparison of Wild and Hatchery Brook Trout in Spruce Flats Branch, Great Smoky Mountains National Park The original range of the brook trout in the streams of the southern Appalachians extended from about 610 meters ft.) elevation to the head waters. King (1937) felt their lower limit depended to a large degree on the temperature of the water. This in turn depended on the direction and degree of slope, type of forest cover, and the nature and density of the vegetation immediately adjoining the stream banks. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book An Assessment of Brook Trout Restoration Efforts in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park written by Ben F. Brammell and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Brook Trout of Great Smoky Mountains National Park written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Rainbow Trout Removal on Trout Populations and Food Habits in Great Smoky Mountains National Park written by James W. Habera and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Electrofishing as a Management Technique for Restoring Brook Trout in Great Smoky Mountains National Park Classic Reprint written by Jerry L. West and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-01-07 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Evaluation of Electrofishing as a Management Technique for Restoring Brook Trout in Great Smoky Mountains National Park Years sampled, section length (m), and number of allopatric rainbow (a), sympatric rainbow/brook (b), and allopatric brook trout (c) sections sampled. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.