Download or read book Environmental Factors in Mammal Reproduction written by Desmond Gilmore and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Factors in Mammal Reproduction written by Desmond Gilmore and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-30 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN MAMMAL REPRODUCTION written by D GILMORE (Ed) and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mammalian Reproductive Biology written by F. H. Bronson and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique interdisciplinary overview of the way mammals reproduce, this volume synthesizes research done by laboratory physiologists, behaviorists, population ecologists, and animal breeders. F. H. Bronson has drawn together the disparate literature in these areas to provide students and researchers with a comprehensive and biologically integrated approach to the study of mammalian reproduction. Each chapter presents a wealth of issues and questions, summarizing the current consensus on interpretations as well as viable alternatives under debate. The book is principally concerned with how environmental factors regulate reproduction. Bronson proposes that a mammal's reproductive performance routinely reflects simultaneous regulation by several environmental factors that interact in fascinatingly complex ways. Environment is defined broadly, and the chapters give equal weight to ecological and physiological factors when considering how variables such as food availability, ambient temperature, photoperiod, and social cues interact to regulate a mammal's reproduction. Particular attention is given to seasonal breeding, and a taxonomically arranged chapter underscores the importance of comparative and evolutionary biology to an understanding of mammalian reproduction. Mammalian Reproductive Biology is a powerful argument for the value and importance of interdisciplinary approaches to research. Its almost 1,500 references constitute the most comprehensive bibliography to date on this topic. Bronson also gives detailed consideration to promising areas for future research. Well organized, carefully planned, and clearly written, this book will become standard reading for scientists concerned with any aspect of mammalian biology.
Download or read book Hormonally Active Agents in the Environment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-02-03 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some investigators have hypothesized that estrogens and other hormonally active agents found in the environment might be involved in breast cancer increases and sperm count declines in humans as well as deformities and reproductive problems seen in wildlife. This book looks in detail at the science behind the ominous prospect of "estrogen mimics" threatening health and well-being, from the level of ecosystems and populations to individual people and animals. The committee identifies research needs and offers specific recommendations to decision-makers. This authoritative volume: Critically evaluates the literature on hormonally active agents in the environment and identifies known and suspected toxicologic mechanisms and effects of fish, wildlife, and humans. Examines whether and how exposure to hormonally active agents occursâ€"in diet, in pharmaceuticals, from industrial releases into the environmentâ€"and why the debate centers on estrogens. Identifies significant uncertainties, limitations of knowledge, and weaknesses in the scientific literature. The book presents a wealth of information and investigates a wide range of examples across the spectrum of life that might be related to these agents.
Download or read book Effect of Environment on Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1981-02-01 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reproductive Biology of Bats written by Elizabeth G. Crichton and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2000-06-12 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Reproductive Biology of Bats presents the first comprehensive, in-depth review of the current knowledge and supporting literature concerning the behavior, anatomy, physiology and reproductive strategies of bats. These mammals, which occur world-wide and comprise a vast assemblage of species, have evolved unique and successful reproductive strategies through varied anatomical and physiological specialization. These are accompanied by individual and/or group behavioral interactions, usually in response to environmental mechanisms essential to their reproductive success. Is the first book devoted to the reproductive biology of bats Contains in-depth reviews of the literature concerned with bat reproduction Contributors are widely recognized specialists Provides a powerful database for future research
Download or read book Environmental Factors and Reproductive Processes in Mammalian Populations written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Animal Biotechnology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-12-29 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic-based animal biotechnology has produced new food and pharmaceutical products and promises many more advances to benefit humankind. These exciting prospects are accompanied by considerable unease, however, about matters such as safety and ethics. This book identifies science-based and policy-related concerns about animal biotechnologyâ€"key issues that must be resolved before the new breakthroughs can reach their potential. The book includes a short history of the field and provides understandable definitions of terms like cloning. Looking at technologies on the near horizon, the authors discuss what we know and what we fear about their effectsâ€"the inadvertent release of dangerous microorganisms, the safety of products derived from biotechnology, the impact of genetically engineered animals on their environment. In addition to these concerns, the book explores animal welfare concerns, and our societal and institutional capacity to manage and regulate the technology and its products. This accessible volume will be important to everyone interested in the implications of the use of animal biotechnology.
Download or read book Guidance for the Description of Animal Research in Scientific Publications written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-09-16 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The publication of research articles involving animal studies is central to many disciplines in science and biomedicine. Effective descriptions in such publications enable researchers to interpret the data, evaluate and replicate findings, and move the science forward. Analyses of published studies with research animals have demonstrated numerous deficiencies in the reporting of details in research methods for animal studies. Considerable variation in the amount of information required by scientific publications and reported by authors undermines this basic scientific principle and results in the unnecessary use of animals and other resources in failed efforts to reproduce study results. Guidance for the Description of Animal Research in Scientific Publications outlines the information that should be included in scientific papers regarding the animal studies to ensure that the study can be replicated. The report urges journal editors to actively promote effective and ethical research by encouraging the provision of sufficient information. Examples of this information include: conditions of housing and husbandry, genetic nomenclature, microbial status, detailed experimental manipulations, and handling and use of pharmaceuticals. Inclusion of this information will enable assessment and interpretation of research findings and advancement of knowledge based on reproducible results.
Download or read book Patterns of Mammalian Reproduction written by Sydney Arthur Asdell and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reproduction in Cattle written by Peter J. H. Ball and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cattle play a fundamental role in animal agriculture throughout the world. They not only provide us with a vital food source, but they also provide us with fertilizer and fuel. Keeping reproduction levels at an optimum level is therefore essential, but this is often a complicated process, especially with modern, high yielding cows. Written in a practical and user-friendly style, this book aims to help the reader understand cattle reproduction by explaining the underlying physiology of the reproductive process and the role and importance of pharmacology and technology, and showing how management techniques can improve reproductive efficiency. This edition includes: Recent research findings on the physiology of the oestrous cycle and its control; New techniques for monitoring and manipulating reproduction, including pregnancy diagnosis and embryo transfer; Advice on identifying common infertility problems and how to prevent and treat them. Reproduction Cattle 3e is essential reading for veterinary and agricultural students, as well as veterinarians and farmers involved in cattle reproduction.
Download or read book Concepts of Biology written by Samantha Fowler and published by . This book was released on 2018-01-07 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concepts of Biology is designed for the single-semester introduction to biology course for non-science majors, which for many students is their only college-level science course. As such, this course represents an important opportunity for students to develop the necessary knowledge, tools, and skills to make informed decisions as they continue with their lives. Rather than being mired down with facts and vocabulary, the typical non-science major student needs information presented in a way that is easy to read and understand. Even more importantly, the content should be meaningful. Students do much better when they understand why biology is relevant to their everyday lives. For these reasons, Concepts of Biology is grounded on an evolutionary basis and includes exciting features that highlight careers in the biological sciences and everyday applications of the concepts at hand.We also strive to show the interconnectedness of topics within this extremely broad discipline. In order to meet the needs of today's instructors and students, we maintain the overall organization and coverage found in most syllabi for this course. A strength of Concepts of Biology is that instructors can customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom. Concepts of Biology also includes an innovative art program that incorporates critical thinking and clicker questions to help students understand--and apply--key concepts.
Download or read book Textbook of Clinical Embryology written by Kevin Coward and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The success of Assisted Reproductive Technology is critically dependent upon the use of well optimized protocols, based upon sound scientific reasoning, empirical observations and evidence of clinical efficacy. Recently, the treatment of infertility has experienced a revolution, with the routine adoption of increasingly specialized molecular biological techniques and advanced methods for the manipulation of gametes and embryos. This textbook – inspired by the postgraduate degree program at the University of Oxford – guides students through the multidisciplinary syllabus essential to ART laboratory practice, from basic culture techniques and micromanipulation to laboratory management and quality assurance, and from endocrinology to molecular biology and research methods. Written for all levels of IVF practitioners, reproductive biologists and technologists involved in human reproductive science, it can be used as a reference manual for all IVF labs and as a textbook by undergraduates, advanced students, scientists and professionals involved in gamete, embryo or stem cell biology.
Download or read book Reproduction in Mammals written by Virginia Hayssen and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Newborn mammals can weigh as little as a dime or as much as a motorcycle. Some receive milk for only a few days, whereas others nurse for years. Humans typically have only one baby at a time following nine months of pregnancy, but other mammals have 20 or more young after only a few weeks in utero. What causes this incredible reproductive diversity? Reproduction in Mammals is a fascinating examination of the diverse reproductive strategies of a broad spectrum of mammals and the ways in which natural selection has influenced that diversity. While accounts of reproduction in individual taxa abound, this unique book's comprehensive coverage gathers stories from many taxa into a single, cohesive perspective that centers on the reproductive lives of females. The authors shed light on intriguing questions such as: Do bigger moms have bigger babies? Do primates have longer pregnancies than other groups? Do aquatic animals have particular patterns? Do carnivores like lions often produce larger litters than prey species? The book opens with the authors' definition of what constitutes a female perspective and an examination of the evolution of reproduction in mammals. It then outlines the individual female: her genetics, anatomy, and physiology. From this nuanced basis, the text progresses to mirror the female reproductive cycle and includes her interactions with males and offspring. The final section contextualizes the reproductive cycle within the rest of the world--both abiotic and biotic environments. To close, the authors include dedicated chapters on human concerns: conservation and women as mammals. Readers will come away from this thought-provoking book with an understanding not only of how reproduction fits into the lives of female mammals but also of how biology has affected the enormously diverse reproductive patterns of the phenotypes we observe today."-- Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Environmental Factors Affecting Avian Reproduction and Behavior written by Darcy Fay Kato Ernst and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Appropriate timing of reproduction is crucial to animals' reproductive success and fitness. Animals living in unpredictable environments do not constrain their breeding to one season, but rather breed any time of the year in which good conditions occur. These animals, termed "opportunistic" breeders, cannot predict when good conditions will occur based on the seasons, and must instead respond quickly to proximate environmental factors to successfully breed and raise young. Animals may respond to a number of different cues in the environment to decide when is the best time to breed, and thus the brain must integrate these varying sources of information to produce an appropriate decision. Cue integration in the brain takes place in the hypothalamus located at the base of the brain and, if conditions are favorable, will result in a physiological reproductive cascade. In stimulatory conditions gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is released from the hypothalamus, which stimulates the production and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary gland. These two hormones act on the gonads to increase production of testosterone, estradiol and gametes, leading to an increase in fertility. These changes in physiology are associated with an increase in reproductive behavior, including courtship and song behavior. Release of GnRH from the hypothalamus is considered the gateway for reproduction, so research on the mechanisms of reproductive timing often focus on how information is transmitted to the GnRH system and hormones that influence GnRH release. The goal of this dissertation is to increase our understanding of the mechanisms underlying reproductive timing in response to social cues, stress, and food availability in an avian model of opportunistic breeding, the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata). Social cues and food availability stimulate and stress inhibits reproduction in zebra finches, but the endocrine underpinnings of these phenomena are undefined. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the current scientific knowledge regarding the effects of social cues, stress, and food availability on reproductive physiology. The remaining chapters detail experiments I conducted to further elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the effects of these cues on reproductive physiology and behavior, and the dissertation concludes with a discussion chapter. Chapter 2, "Social stimulation, reproductive behavior and the thyroid hormone deiodinase system in an opportunistically-breeding songbird", examines the role the presence of an available mate plays in activating reproduction. Isolated males were compared to those receiving a female stimulus or a male stimulus animal. I measured key genes in various tissues of the reproductive axis, activation and protein content of the hypothalamus, and reproductive behaviors. My findings suggest that the hypothalamus is indeed active in response to an available mate and appropriate reproductive behaviors increase, but more work needs to be done to determine how GnRH release might be governed by social cues. Chapter 3, "Differential response of GnIH in the brain and gonads following acute stress in a songbird", looks at stress as a potential mechanism by which to time reproduction. Stress is a known inhibitor of reproduction across vertebrate taxa, and thus can be used to time breeding by increasing the stress hormone corticosterone (resulting in decreased reproductive axis function) during times when environmental conditions are poor. This chapter focuses on gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), a hormone known to inhibit reproduction at all levels of the reproductive axis, in the hypothalamus and gonads. While previous research has suggested a role for GnIH in stressed-induced reproductive inhibition, this is the first experiment to show a differential response of the GnIH system in the hypothalamus and the gonads in response to stress. This study provides more information about the role of GnIH, particularly that the GnIH response to stress may not be as conserved throughout vertebrate evolution as previously thought. Chapter 4, "Corticosterone measurements differ in plasma sampled from a wing vein and trunk blood", is concerned with the methodology used to measure hormones in laboratory and field settings and the potential sources of intra-individual hormone variability. When comparing corticosterone levels between wing blood, a source commonly used in field studies, and trunk blood, a source commonly used in terminal studies, we found differences in corticosterone levels within an individual. This finding illustrates that the source of blood collection for hormone assay is an important source of variability and must be considered in experimental design and when comparing results across studies. Chapter 5, "Perception of food availability determines reproductive response to food restriction in the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata", investigates the role of perception in food-induced reproductive suppression and activation. Animals that were food restricted decreased reproductive parameters (GnRH, general activity), while animals that were food restricted but could see food during restriction maintained higher levels of GnRH and activity similar to controls. This suggests that the visual cue of food is enough to maintain reproductive activity even in conditions of starvation, and that perceptual information as well as metabolic information from food is important in these reproductive activity considerations. Additionally, measurement of expression of the orexigenic peptide neuropeptide Y (NPY) and its correlation with GnRH across groups indicates a potential novel role for this peptide in governing reproductive activation in response to the perception of food. Taken together, these studies indicate the importance of brain integration of social cues, stress, and food availability to initiate breeding during favorable conditions in opportunistic breeders.
Download or read book Mammalian Sexuality written by Alan F. Dixson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-03 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first detailed account of post-copulatory sexual selection and the evolution of reproduction in mammals.
