Download or read book Environmental Costs and Liberalization in European Air Transport written by Youdi Schipper and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on literature concerning the environmental impact of aviation and welfare implications of airline deregulation over the past two decades, Schipper (public economics, U. of Economics, Ho Chi Minh City) addresses such issues as the relations between the economic costs of environmental degradation and output in air transport markets, and how accounting for these environmental costs affect the welfare analysis of deregulation in air transport markets. The environmental costs he analyzes are noise and emissions. c. Book News Inc.
Download or read book Air Transport Liberalization written by Matthias Finger and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2017-12-29 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking book offers a critical and wide-ranging assessment of the global air transport liberalization process over the past 40 years. This compilation of world experts on air transport economics, policy, and regulation is timely and significant, considering that air transport is currently facing a series of new challenges due to technological changes, the emergence of new markets, and increased security concerns.
Download or read book ITF Research Reports Liberalisation of Air Transport written by International Transport Forum and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-05-03 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aviation is one of the most regulated industries in the world. Much of this regulation is safety-related, to mitigate the inherent risks tied with air transport. But aviation is also subject to economic regulation that influences which airline flies which route, at which frequency, capacity and price. It even stipulates the nationality of its owners and decision makers. Aviation has freed itself from some restrictions over the past three decades, with many benefits to society. Yet liberalisation has also raised issues with regard to maintaining fair competition, high labour standards and mitigating aviation’s growing environmental impact.
Download or read book European Air Transport Regulation written by Sveinn Vidar Gudmundsson and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: European air transport policy, emerged through the confluence of case law and legislation, in four broad areas: liberalization, safety and security, greening, and the external policy. Following the implementation of the single market for air transport, policy shifted to liberalizing and regulating associated services and in recent years to greening, the external aviation policy, and safety and security. Inclusion of air transport in the Environmental Trading Scheme of the European Union exemplifies the European Commission's proactive stand on bringing the industry in line with emission reduction trajectories of other industries. However, the bid to include flights to third countries in the trading scheme pushed EU into a controversial position, causing the Commission to halt implementation and give ICAO time to seek a global multilateral agreement. The chapter discusses also how the nationality clauses in air services agreements breached the Treaty of Rome, and a court ruling to that effect enabled the EC to extend EU liberalization policies beyond the European Union, resulting in the Common Aviation Area with EU fringe countries and the Open Aviation Area with the U.S. Another important are of progress was aviation safety, where the EU region is unsurpassed in the world, yet the Commission has pushed the boundary even further, by establishing the European Safety Agency to oversee the European Aviation Safety Management System. Another important area of regulatory development was aviation security, a major focus after the woeful events in 2001, but increasingly under industry scrutiny on costs and effectiveness. The chapter concludes by arguing that in the coming decade, the EU will strive to strengthen its position as a global countervailing power, symbolized in air transport by a leadership position in environmental policy, and international market liberalization, exemplified in the EU's external aviation policy.
Download or read book Liberalization of Air Transport written by Sveinn Vidar Gudmundsson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several countries and regions have liberalized air transport markets, spearheaded by the US Deregulation Act of 1978, and later, air transport liberalization in the European Union. The historic and political drivers and expectations associated with liberalization are examined and how the regulatory environment developed during the post deregulation years both in the US and Europe. Four principal areas of regulatory reforms in air transport are covered: (1) domestic markets; (2) air services agreements; (3) associated services; and (4) inter-regional open aviation areas. Examples of each type are discussed, such as: US Deregulation and EU liberalization; Open Skies air services agreements; ground-handling, charter and air cargo liberalization; and the European Common Aviation Area (ECAA) and the EU-US Open Aviation Area (OAA). The chapter covers the common industry expectation of stability and equilibrium in deregulated air transport markets, and the role of entry and exit costs. A brief history of market entry is covered, including new entrant failures and successes, and how the incumbent airlines adjusted to the new competitive environment. The chapter concludes by questioning if raising regulatory barriers will either achieve industry financial stability or raise consumer benefits in the long-term.
Download or read book LIBERALISATION of European Air Transport written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Market Structure and Environmental Costs in Aviation written by Jan-Jeroen Youdi Schipper and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aerial Dogfights Over Europe written by Paul Stephen Dempsey and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As America's grand experiment with airline deregulation nears the end of its first decade, European carriers and their governments are examining it closely, pondering their own form of liberalization. Whatever its final design, the European plan will require consideration of a wider and more complex spectrum of variables than its American counterpart. Airline liberalization in Europe involves a plethora of competing legal, economic and political interests. The principal actors include scores of privately and publicly owned or subsidized airlines, the twelve nation European Economic Community (EEC), and a number of air transport associations including the Association of European Airlines (AEA), the International Air Transport Association (lATA), and the European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC). The issue is further complicated by a host of bilateral agreements and a growing regional air transport market. European nations, particularly those belonging to the European Economic Community, are entering a new era in air transport. While this industry has traditionally been heavily regulated, many of the EEC states are re-examining their positions and moving toward liberalization of the regulatory environment. The Council, whose members represent the Member States, is responsible for carrying out the objectives of the EEC through legislative enactments. The Commission, comprised of nonpartisan members chosen by common agreement by the Member States, gives recommendations and advisory opinions to the Council. Parliament works for the benefit of the EEC as a whole and has the duty of advising the Council on issues relevant to the development of the EEC. The Court of Justice interprets the provisions of the Treaty of Rome and enforces its requirements. Each of these governing bodies has its own conception of how the competition rules of the Treaty of Rome should be applied to air transport. Significantly, in December 1987, the EEC Council issued its long-awaited regulations applying the Treaty of Rome's competition rules to scheduled air transport, group exemptions thereto, a directive on scheduled air fares, and a decision on capacity sharing and market access. These are set forth as Appendices A-D, respectively, to this article. With 1992 established as the target for European economic unification, the heat is on to liberalize air transport. This article will examine the contemporary status of competition in the European air transport industry and the efforts by the EEC, air transport organizations, and individual states and airlines to encourage liberalization. The political, legal, and economic winds unleashed by the debate over liberalization are creating increased turbulence in the skies over Europe.
Download or read book Reforming Transport Pricing in the European Union written by Bruno de Borger and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work deals with the problem of pricing passenger and freight transportation within Europe. It argues that legislation affecting pricing and regulation is increasingly less successful in dealing with market failures and externalities such as congestion, air pollution, noise and accidents.
Download or read book Economic and Environmental Regulation of International Aviation written by Steven Truxal and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The core structure of the regulatory regime for international civil aviation (the ‘Chicago System’) is inter–national. The features of the Chicago System were designed in an era when the world’s airlines were State–owned, and the most pressing international concerns were for navigation and safety regulation. Economic liberalization and intense globalization since the Second World War have impacted on the industry; today, it is global. This book observes the developing governance of global aviation, taking into account the concepts of sovereignty, jurisdiction and territoriality, and the proliferation of actors and participants as partners in a global public policy network, to posit that an upgraded system of global governance for civil aviation helps to explain the emerging complex landscape for global governance of civil aviation. As evidence of the emerging, complex matrix of governance of global aviation, this book identifies and reviews a selection of contemporary, transnational economic and environmental challenges facing the globalized aviation sector, e.g. fair competition safeguards, consumer protection, noise pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, and the respective ‘legal’ and policy actions taken at national level (United Arab Emirates, Qatar and People’s Republic of China), regional level (the European Union) and international level (UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and International Civil Aviation Organization). The book concludes that economic and environmental regulation of international aviation, designed for an inter–national world of yesterday, evolves into global governance of aviation, which is more suited for today’s global world. This book will be of particular interest to scholars and practitioners of aviation law, competition law and environmental law, as well as in the areas of transnational law, global governance and international relations.
Download or read book Economic Regulation and Its Reform written by Nancy L. Rose and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2014-08-29 with total page 619 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past thirty years have witnessed a transformation of government economic intervention in broad segments of industry throughout the world. Many industries historically subject to economic price and entry controls have been largely deregulated, including natural gas, trucking, airlines, and commercial banking. However, recent concerns about market power in restructured electricity markets, airline industry instability amid chronic financial stress, and the challenges created by the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act, which allowed commercial banks to participate in investment banking, have led to calls for renewed market intervention. Economic Regulation and Its Reform collects research by a group of distinguished scholars who explore these and other issues surrounding government economic intervention. Determining the consequences of such intervention requires a careful assessment of the costs and benefits of imperfect regulation. Moreover, government interventions may take a variety of forms, from relatively nonintrusive performance-based regulations to more aggressive antitrust and competition policies and barriers to entry. This volume introduces the key issues surrounding economic regulation, provides an assessment of the economic effects of regulatory reforms over the past three decades, and examines how these insights bear on some of today’s most significant concerns in regulatory policy.
Download or read book Straight and Level written by Mr Stephen Holloway and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2012-10-01 with total page 743 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third edition of Straight and Level thoroughly updates the previous edition with extensive comments on recent industry developments and emerging business models. The discussion is illustrated by current examples drawn from all sectors of the industry and every region of the world. Anyone who wants to gain a deeper understanding of airline economics at a practical level and an insight into the reasons for its financial volatility should find the book of interest.
Download or read book The Geographies of Air Transport written by Dr Lucy Budd and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2014-07-28 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Making a detailed contribution to geographies of air transport and aeromobility, this book examines the practices and processes that produce particular patterns of air transport provision both regionally and globally. In so doing, it updates the seminal contributions of Eva Taylor (1945), Kenneth Sealy (1957), Brian Graham (1995) and others to the study of air transport geography. Leading scholars in the field offer a unique insight into the key developments that have occurred in the field and the implications that these developments have had for geography, geographers, and global patterns of past, present and future air transport. Although globalization and liberalization processes have greatly expanded the demand for air transport over the last two decades, the industry has experienced several major setbacks due to economic, security, and environmental concerns. Many of these impacts have been much more pronounced in some regions, such as North America and Europe while others, such as Asia-Pacific have not been as adversely affected. Accordingly, there is a clear need to examine these recent economic and geopolitical changes from a geographical perspective given the differentiated pattern of effects from global processes. Addressing this need, this volume opens with thematic chapters covering key topics such as the historical geographies, socio-cultural mobilities, environmental externalities, urban geographies, and sustainability of the global air transport industry, followed by regional analysis of the industry in Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Greater Middle East and Africa as well as North America and Europe.
Download or read book Aviation Systems written by Andreas Wittmer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-17 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to provide comprehensive coverage of the field of air transportation, giving attention to all major aspects, such as aviation regulation, economics, management and strategy. The book approaches aviation as an interrelated economic system and in so doing presents the “big picture” of aviation in the market economy. It explains the linkages between domains such as politics, society, technology, economy, ecology, regulation and how these influence each other. Examples of airports and airlines, and case studies in each chapter support the application-oriented approach. Students and researchers in business administration with a focus on the aviation industry, as well as professionals in the industry looking to refresh or broaden their knowledge of the field will benefit from this book.
Download or read book Transportation Engineering and Planning Volume I written by Tschangho John Kim and published by EOLSS Publications. This book was released on 2009-04-15 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transportation Engineering and Planning is a component of Encyclopedia of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The Theme on Transportation Engineering and Planning presents the readers with diverse sources of information and knowledge about transportation engineering and planning, to help ensure that informed actions are compatible with sustainable world development. It begins with a historical analysis of transportation development, since an understanding of how transportation technologies developed is a prerequisite for understanding issues involved in transportation systems, and for developing sound policy analysis. Next, the various chapters analyze transportation problems, discusses the state of public policy addressing those problems, considers the causes and effects of changes in demand for mobility as the socio-economic environment changes, and then deals with the fundamental questions related to transportation. These two volumes are aimed at the following a wide spectrum of audiences from the merely curious to those seeking in-depth knowledge: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.
Download or read book Air Transport and the Environment written by Ben Daley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-01 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air Transport and the Environment provides an overview of the main issues relating to aviation environmental impacts. It explains the challenge facing policymakers in terms of sustainable development, focusing on the importance of balancing the industry's economic, social and environmental costs and benefits, both for people living now and for future generations. Individual chapters review the current scientific understanding of the main aviation environmental impacts: climate change, local air pollution and aircraft noise. Various responses to those issues are also considered, including a range of policy options based on regulatory, market-based and voluntary approaches. Key concepts such as environmental capacity, radiative forcing and carbon offsetting are explained. In addition, the book emphasises the main implications of aviation environmental issues for policymakers and for the management of the air transport industry. Debates about the environmental impacts of flying often generate strongly polarised reactions, yet this book adopts a constructive approach to the subject and attempts to present the environmental issues in a clear, straightforward manner. It aims to provide a policy-relevant synthesis of a wide range of perspectives rather than advocating one particular viewpoint. Yet the central purpose of this book is to bring the sustainable development challenge facing the air transport industry to the fore, and so to inform effective policy responses. Air transport plays a critical role in supporting economies and societies that are increasingly interconnected by globalisation; this book presents the view that the vital economic and social benefits of the air transport industry should not be lost - and in fact could be distributed far more widely and equitably - but that the environmental impacts of air transport nevertheless require urgent and effective management. Air Transport and the Environment has been written primarily for professionals in the air transport industry, policymakers and regulators. It is also intended for use by academic researchers, students and others who are interested in the complex relationship between air transport and the environment.
Download or read book Introduction to the Air Transport System written by Milica Kalić and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-09-29 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides deep insights into the operations and business of the air transport system, i.e., airlines, airports, and ATC/ATM (Air Traffic Control/Management). It reviews activities of the air transport operators, functions and processes, as well as the needs and requirements of users and customers in a simple and easy to understand way. A brief description of aviation history, the air transport system development and processes are followed by the elaboration of the aircraft’s elements, masses, payload-range diagrams, and balance. The fundamentals of airports and the ATC/ATM service providers and their contribution to the air transport system are also provided. Moreover, the most important elements in the airport and ATC/ATM system are examined, and the rules, regulations and simplified approaches to how these systems operate are described. The airlines play an important role in the air transport system as users of the airports’ and ATC/ATM service providers. Different business models are presented as well as the fundamentals of airline planning, operations and management (including passenger demand, market segmentation, scheduling, tariffs, alliances, and frequent flyer programs). Besides passenger transport, the book contains an overview and comprehensive guide of the air cargo transport by addressing the key issues such as: the current trends, market characteristics, unit load devices, cargo handling, air cargo documents, and transport of different kind of goods (perishable, live human organs, live animals, dangerous, heavy, etc.).
