Download or read book Engineering Geological Investigation of a Recent Mud Volcano Eruption Waimata Valley written by Alex Leighton and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mud volcanoes typically form in sedimentary basins both onshore and offshore, by localized expulsion of mud that has been remobilized from the subsurface. The extrusion of mud forms topographic features that are representative of the release of fluids and mud and overpressure. The research that is presented in this thesis focuses on the recent formation of a mud volcano within the Waimata Valley near Gisborne from a single eruptive event on 15 December 2018, extruding approximately 11,200m3 of mud at the surface. The eruption occurred from a completely new location though it is inferred that this feature is part of a mud volcano system that has previously formed other nearby mud volcanoes. The eruption of a mud volcano from the day of its occurrence is only something that has been documented a handful of times in New Zealand's written history. Prior to eruption, this new eruptive centre had gained the attention of local scientists following a significant MW7.1 earthquake that occurred offshore of Te Araroa in northern Tairawhiti region on 2 September 2016. It was also noted that following the earthquake many other mud volcanoes within the region demonstrated increased activity whilst others remained quiescent, highlighting an obvious relationship between mud volcanism and seismic activity. Through utilising an engineering geological investigation of the site, an insight into the processes and mechanisms that trigger mud volcanism, as well establishing a database of the geological and geotechnical properties of the associated materials has been achieved. The materials were identified to contain a significant clay fraction, contributing to their low permeabilities and strength. These properties are inferred to have an important influence on how the that materials withstand significant overpressures remaining unconsolidated at depth leading to their migration toward the surface. By developing this greater understanding of the mud volcano, multiple potential geohazards were identified and can be applied to future events that will inevitably continue to occur throughout the region. The most significant hazard identified resulting from this eruption was the formation a several highly mobile mud flows that led to the formation of a small lake.
Download or read book Mud Volcanoes Geodynamics and Seismicity written by Giovanni Martinelli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-09-03 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. PURPOSE OF PRESENT BOOK During the period May 19-26, 2003 the NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) “Mud volcanism, Geodynamics and Seismicity” was held in Baku. Participants coming from USA, Germany, France, Italy, Portugal, Russian Federation, Ukraine, Romania, Georgia, UK, Israel, Azerbaijan, Tunisia have discussed about different geodynamic features of mud volcanism and participated to field trips oriented to a better knowledge of mud volcanic features. The Meeting focused on many features of mud volcanism occurrence and related geodynamic topics. The purpose of present book is to collect contributions discussed during the Meeting and to fill a marked editorial gap on mud volcanism. Mud volcanism was to date described by local monographies or by articles published by scientific journals. In particular no books were published on topics able to highlight the link among mud volcanism, geodynamics and seismicity. Mud volcano of Nirano (Northern Italy). Engraving from Stoppani A. (1871), Corso di Geologia, Milan, Bernardoni G. and Brigola G. Publishers. 2. WHY MUD VOLCANOES ARE GEOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT ? Mud volcanoes have attracted the attention of earth scientists for many years. Due to their importance in hydrocarbon research, a consistent progress in the knowledge of mud volcanism took place in the past twenty years. Mud extrusion is a well-known phenomenon occurring in geological environments where fluid-rich, fine grained sediments ascend within a lithologic succession due to their buoyancy.
Download or read book Mud Volcanoes of the Black Sea Region and their Environmental Significance written by Evgeny Shnyukov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-31 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This exceptionally well-illustrated book at a high scientific level describes mud volcanism as a complex, multidimensional phenomenon requiring multidisciplinary study. Mud volcanoes can be used as “cheap windows” to search for gas-hydrates and other mineral resources in the Black Sea region. Nothing similar has been published before, and as one of its unique features the book includes a vast amount of new data unavailable so far to the western reader. The book includes new data on driving forces, mechanisms, origin, geological and geomorphological features of mud volcanoes as well as new data on composition of solid, gaseous, and liquid components of erupted material. It covers a wide geographic region, and its subjects range from geological to environmental to industrial applications.
Download or read book Natural Gas Seepage written by Giuseppe Etiope and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-30 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book offers a modern, comprehensive, and holistic view of natural gas seepage, defined as the visible or invisible flow of gaseous hydrocarbons from subsurface sources to Earth’s surface. Beginning with definitions, classifications for onshore and offshore seepage, and fundamentals on gas migration mechanisms, the book reports the latest findings for the global distribution of gas seepage and describes detection methods. Seepage implications are discussed in relation to petroleum exploration, environmental impacts (hazards, pollution, atmospheric emissions, and past climate change), emerging scientific issues (abiotic gas and methane on Mars), and the role of seeps in ancient cultures. With an updated bibliography and an integrated analysis of available data, the book offers a new fundamental awareness - gas seepage is more widespread than previously thought and influences all of Earth’s external “spheres”, including the hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere.
Download or read book Landscape and Quaternary Environmental Change in New Zealand written by James Shulmeister and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-16 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together an overview of the recent geological history, active earth and biological processes and human settlement of New Zealand. Topics covered include the very active neotectonic and volcanic setting. Mountain geomorphic processes are examined and new ideas about landsliding are highlighted. The exceptional sedimentary archives of the Whanganui Basin are also presented. As one of two land masses that extend into the southern mid-latitudes, New Zealand is ideally located to investigate changes in Southern Ocean climate. Related to this, mountain glaciation in New Zealand is a focus in global climate change debates. New Zealand also has a unique biota due to its long isolation and is the last major land mass to be settled by people. Advances in DNA technologies have revolutionised our understanding of the histories and processes involved. The book provides a comprehensive review of existing work and highlights new ideas and major debates across all these fields.
Download or read book Shale Tectonics written by Lesli J. Wood and published by AAPG. This book was released on 2011-03-01 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hardcover plus CD
Download or read book Historical Seismology written by Julien Fréchet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-22 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern seismology has faced new challenges in the study of earthquakes and their physical characteristics. This volume is dedicated to the use of new approaches and presents a state-of-the-art in historical seismology. Selected historical and recent earthquakes are chosen to document and constrain related seismic parameters using updated methodologies in the macroseismic analysis, field observations of damage distribution and tectonic effects, and modelling of seismic waveforms.
Download or read book The New Zealand Official Year book written by New Zealand. Department of Statistics and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Topographically Speaking written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Volcanic Rocks and Features written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mines Statement by the Minister of Mines written by New Zealand. Mines Department and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mines Statement written by New Zealand. Mines Department and published by . This book was released on 1899 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gold and Geysers written by Philip Andrews and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hydrocarbon Seepage written by Fred Aminzadeh and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "With the increased resolution power of many geophysical methods, we are seeing direct evidence of seeps on a wide variety of data, including conventional seismic. New methods and technology have also evolved to better measure and detect seeps and their artifacts and reservoir charge and to map migration and remigration routes. In addition, detection of seepage is important for minimizing the risks associated with shallow gas drilling hazards, ensuring platform stability, and preventing well blow-outs. This volume is organized into three sections, each with a different focus. The first section, "Descriptions and Observations of Seeps", includes field studies, observations of seep environments, migration systems, and use of modern sampling techniques. The second section, "Science of Seepage -- Methodology", discusses new techniques including DNA sampling, use of biomarkers, Neural Network analysis, and remote multispectral analysis. The final section, "Implications of Seeps", shows how seeps may be used to reduce prospect risk and assess risk elements such as trap seal and fault leakage. This volume is intended to be a reference for understanding seep occurrences and demonstrating the development and use of new technologies to image them with a focus on exploration and field development applications. It will be a valuable reference to geologists, geophysicists, and petroleum engineers everywhere"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Landforms of New Zealand written by Jane M. Soons and published by Longman Publishing Group. This book was released on 1982 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book GIS and Environmental Modeling written by Michael F. Goodchild and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1996-09-30 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GIS and Environmental Modeling: Progress and Research Issues Michael F. Goodchild, Louis T. Steyaert, Bradley O. Parks, Carol Johnston, David Maidment, Michael Crane, and Sandi Glendinning, Editors With growing pressure on natural resources and landscapes there is an increasing need to predict the consequences of any changes to the environment. Modelling plays an important role in this by helping our understanding of the environment and by forecasting likely impacts. In recent years moves have been made to link models to Geographical Information Systems to provide a means of analysing changes over an area as well as over time. GIS and Environmental Modeling explores the progress made to date in integrating these two software systems. Approaches to the subject are made from theoretical, technical as well as data stand points. The existing capabilities of current systems are described along with important issues of data availability, accuracy and error. Various case studies illustrate this and highlight the common concepts and issues that exist between researchers in different environmental fields. The future needs and prospects for integrating GIS and environmental models are also explored with developments in both data handling and modelling discussed. The book brings together the knowledge and experience of over 100 researchers from academic, commercial and government backgrounds who work in a wide range of disciplines. The themes followed in the text provide a fund of knowledge and guidance for those involved in environmental modelling and GIS. The book is easily accessible for readers with a basic GIS knowledge and the ideas and results of the research are clearly illustrated with both colour and black and white graphics.
Download or read book Impact of Natural Hazards on Oil and Gas Extraction written by Ian Lerche and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union almost a decade ago, there has been rapid evolution of interactions between the Western nations and individual countries of the former Soviet Union. As part of that interaction, the autonomous independent Republic of Azerbaijan through its scientific arm, the Geological Institute of the Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences under the Directorship of Academician Akif Ali-Zadeh and Deputy Director Ibrahim Guliev, arranged for personnel to be seconded to the University of South Carolina. The idea here was to see to what extent a quantitative understanding could be achieved of the evolution of the Azerbaijan part of the South Caspian Basin from dynamical, thermal and hydrocarbon perspectives. The Azeris brought with them copious amounts of data collected over decades which, together with the quantitative numerical codes available at USC, enabled a concerted effort to be put forward, culminating in two large books (Evolution of the South Caspian Basin: Geological Risks and Probable Hazards, 675 pps; and The South Caspian Basin: Stratigraphy, Geochemistry, and Risk Analysis, of which were published by the Azerbaijan Academy of 472 pps. ) both Sciences, and also many scientific papers. Thus, over the last four to five years an integrated comprehensive start has been made to understand the hydrocarbon proneness of the South Caspian Basin. In the course of the endeavor to understand the basinal evolution, it became clear that a variety of natural hazards occur in the Basin.
