Download or read book Energy Savings Potential and Research Development Opportunities for Commercial Refrigeration written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study documents the energy consumption of commercial refrigeration equipment (CRE) in the U.S. and evaluated the energy savings potential of various technologies and energy efficiency measures that could be applied to such equipment. The study provided an overview of CRE applications, assessed the energy-savings potential of CRE in the U.S., outline key barriers to adoption of energy-savings technologies, and recommended opportunities for advanced energy saving technology research. The study was modeled after an earlier 1996 report by Arthur D. Little, Inc., and updated key information, examined more equipment types, and outlined long-term research and development opportunities.

Download or read book Energy Savings Potential for Commercial Refrigeration Equipment written by Detlef Westphalen and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Energy Savings Potential and Research Development Demonstration Opportunities for Commercial Building Appliances written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study characterizes and assesses the appliances used in commercial buildings. The primary objectives of this study were to document the energy consumed by commercial appliances and identify research, development and demonstration (RD & D) opportunities for efficiency improvements, excluding product categories such as HVAC, building lighting, refrigeration equipment, and distributed generation systems. The study included equipment descriptions, characteristics of the equipment's market, national energy consumption, estimates of technical potential for energy-saving technologies, and recommendations for U.S. Department of Energy programs that can promote energy savings in commercial appliances.

Download or read book Real Prospects for Energy Efficiency in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-06-10 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America's economy and lifestyles have been shaped by the low prices and availability of energy. In the last decade, however, the prices of oil, natural gas, and coal have increased dramatically, leaving consumers and the industrial and service sectors looking for ways to reduce energy use. To achieve greater energy efficiency, we need technology, more informed consumers and producers, and investments in more energy-efficient industrial processes, businesses, residences, and transportation. As part of the America's Energy Future project, Real Prospects for Energy Efficiency in the United States examines the potential for reducing energy demand through improving efficiency by using existing technologies, technologies developed but not yet utilized widely, and prospective technologies. The book evaluates technologies based on their estimated times to initial commercial deployment, and provides an analysis of costs, barriers, and research needs. This quantitative characterization of technologies will guide policy makers toward planning the future of energy use in America. This book will also have much to offer to industry leaders, investors, environmentalists, and others looking for a practical diagnosis of energy efficiency possibilities.

Download or read book Guidelines for Saving Energy in Existing Buildings written by United States. Office of Energy Conservation and Environment and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines national energy usage in existing commercial buildings, methods of reducing energy consumption through conservation, and the resulting costs and benefits. It includes a wide range of opportunities and options to save energy and operating costs through proper operation and maintenance. It also includes minor modifications to the building and mechanical and electrical systems which can be implemented promptly with little if any investment costs.

Download or read book 2014 03 28 Energy Conservation Program Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Final Rule Us Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office Regulation Eere 2018 Edition written by The Law The Law Library and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-16 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2014-03-28 Energy Conservation Program - Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Refrigeration Equipment - Final Rule (US Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office Regulation) (EERE) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the 2014-03-28 Energy Conservation Program - Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Refrigeration Equipment - Final Rule (US Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office Regulation) (EERE) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 The Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA), as amended, prescribes energy conservation standards for various consumer products and certain commercial and industrial equipment, including commercial refrigeration equipment (CRE). EPCA also requires the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to determine whether more-stringent standards would be technologically feasible and economically justified, and would save a significant amount of energy. In this final rule, DOE is adopting more-stringent energy conservation standards for some classes of commercial refrigeration equipment. It has determined that the amended energy conservation standards for these products would result in significant conservation of energy, and are technologically feasible and economically justified. This book contains: - The complete text of the 2014-03-28 Energy Conservation Program - Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Refrigeration Equipment - Final Rule (US Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office Regulation) (EERE) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section

Download or read book Refrigeration Air Conditioning and Heat Pumps written by Fabio Polonara and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-02-11 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Refrigeration, air conditioning, and heat pumps (RACHP) have an important impact on the final energy uses of many sectors of modern society, such as residential, commercial, industrial, transport, and automotive. Moreover, RACHP also have an important environmental impact due to the working fluids that deplete the stratospheric ozone layer, which are being phased out according to the Montreal Protocol (1989). Last, but not least, high global working potential (GWP), working fluids (directly), and energy consumption (indirectly) are responsible for a non-negligible quota of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the atmosphere, thus impacting climate change.

Download or read book 2014 04 21 Energy Conservation Program Test Procedure for Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Final Rule Us Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office Regulation Eere 2018 Edition written by The Law The Law Library and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-16 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2014-04-21 Energy Conservation Program - Test Procedure for Commercial Refrigeration Equipment - Final Rule (US Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office Regulation) (EERE) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the 2014-04-21 Energy Conservation Program - Test Procedure for Commercial Refrigeration Equipment - Final Rule (US Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office Regulation) (EERE) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 In this final rule, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) revises and reorganizes its test procedure for commercial refrigeration equipment (CRE) to clarify certain terms, procedures, and compliance dates to improve the repeatability and remove ambiguity from the CRE test procedure. In this final rule, DOE also addresses a number of test procedure clarifications that arose as a result of the negotiated rulemaking process for certification of commercial heating, ventilation, air conditioning, refrigeration, and water heating equipment. This book contains: - The complete text of the 2014-04-21 Energy Conservation Program - Test Procedure for Commercial Refrigeration Equipment - Final Rule (US Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office Regulation) (EERE) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section

Download or read book 2012 02 21 Energy Conservation Program Test Procedure for Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Final Rule Us Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office Regulation Eere 2018 Edition written by The Law The Law Library and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-16 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2012-02-21 Energy Conservation Program - Test Procedure for Commercial Refrigeration Equipment - Final Rule (US Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office Regulation) (EERE) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the 2012-02-21 Energy Conservation Program - Test Procedure for Commercial Refrigeration Equipment - Final Rule (US Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office Regulation) (EERE) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 In this final rule, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is amending its test procedure for commercial refrigeration equipment (CRE), incorporating changes that will take effect 30 days after the final rule is published in the Federal Register. These changes will be mandatory for equipment testing to demonstrate compliance with the amended energy standards (Docket No. EERE-2010-BT-STD-0003). The amendments to the test procedure adopted in this final rule include updating references to industry test procedures to their current versions, incorporating methods to evaluate the energy impacts resulting from the use of night curtains and lighting occupancy sensors and controls, and allowing testing of certain commercial refrigeration equipment at the lowest temperature at which it is able to operate, referred to as its lowest application product temperature. In response to comments received in response to the relevant November 2010 Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NOPR), and to minimize the testing burden on manufacturers, DOE is also incorporating provisions to allow manufacturers to test at the rating temperatures and ambient conditions required by NSF International (founded in 1944 as the National Sanitation Foundation, now referred to simply as NSF) for food safety testing. This book contains: - The complete text of the 2012-02-21 Energy Conservation Program - Test Procedure for Commercial Refrigeration Equipment - Final Rule (US Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office Regulation) (EERE) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section

Download or read book Sustainable Retail Refrigeration written by Judith A. Evans and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-01-19 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon emissions from the retail segment of the food cold chain are relatively high compared to other parts of the food cold chain. Studies have also shown that food temperature is less well controlled at the retail and consumer end of the cold chain. There is therefore considerable potential to optimize performance of refrigerated display cabinets and the refrigeration systems that are used to operate them to reduce carbon emissions and to improve food temperature control. Sustainable Retail Refrigeration draws together world experts on retail refrigeration. In a single resource, the authors cover the latest technologies and best current knowledge in the field. With increasing concerns about energy use and global warming gasses, retailers are increasingly being called to account for their actions. Sustainable Retail Refrigeration is a valuable reference to manufacturers, managers and policy makers, incorporating both a design and an operational perspective.

Download or read book Energy Efficiency in Buildings written by Eric Hirst and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book documents improvements in energy efficiency in U.S. buildings over 15 years. The multi-disciplinary team of experts describes options for maintaining these improvements.

Download or read book HVAC Refrigerants Explained From Basics to Best Practices written by Charles Nehme and published by Charles Nehme. This book was released on with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) industry plays a critical role in modern society, providing comfort, safety, and productivity in residential, commercial, and industrial spaces. At the heart of these systems lies a vital component—refrigerants. These chemical compounds enable the transfer of heat and make the cooling and heating processes in HVAC systems possible. Yet, as essential as they are, refrigerants have been the subject of growing scrutiny due to their environmental impact. The need to balance efficiency, safety, and environmental sustainability has made refrigerants a dynamic and evolving area of study. This book is designed to provide a comprehensive overview of HVAC refrigerants, from their fundamental principles to their real-world applications. Whether you are an engineer, technician, student, or someone with a general interest in HVAC systems, this book will offer insights into the past, present, and future of refrigerants. Throughout history, refrigerants have undergone significant transformations. From the early days of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were once celebrated for their efficiency, to the environmentally damaging effects that led to their global phase-out, the evolution of refrigerants is a reflection of our growing understanding of the delicate balance between technology and the environment. Today, modern refrigerants are focused on reducing global warming potential (GWP) and minimizing ozone depletion while still delivering the high performance required in HVAC systems. This book is not just a technical manual; it’s a journey into understanding the science behind refrigeration, the regulations that govern refrigerant usage, and the innovations that will shape the future of the HVAC industry. In a time when energy efficiency and environmental sustainability are of utmost importance, selecting the right refrigerant can make a substantial difference. This decision impacts not only the performance and lifespan of HVAC systems but also the planet we share. As you read through the chapters, you will explore a wide range of refrigerants, from traditional compounds to newer, more environmentally friendly options. You’ll gain an understanding of the regulatory landscape, including global and regional regulations like the Montreal Protocol, and how they drive innovation in the industry. You'll also delve into real-world case studies, gaining practical insights into the challenges and successes associated with different refrigerant applications. In writing this book, my aim is to provide an accessible yet thorough resource on HVAC refrigerants, offering both a foundational understanding and the technical depth needed to make informed decisions in this rapidly changing field. Whether you are retrofitting an existing system, designing a new one, or simply interested in the future of HVAC technology, I hope this book serves as a valuable guide. The future of refrigerants is bright and full of potential, and it is my hope that this book will inspire you to take an active part in shaping that future—one that prioritizes both performance and the health of our environment.

Download or read book Refrigeration Playbook written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides guidance for selecting and designing energy efficient commercial refrigeration systems using low global warming potential refrigerants. Refrigeration systems are generally the largest energy end use in a supermarket type building, often accounting for more than half of a building's energy consumption.

Download or read book Industrial commercial Refrigeration System Trends and Strategic Conservation Potential written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conventional refrigeration equipment used in the industrial and commercial sector in Canada is mainly of American design and manufacture, and is generally for operation in warmer climates. These characteristics lead to energy inefficiency and the need to run the equipment under artificially loaded conditions in order to compensate for deficiencies in mechanical controls and crude designs. This report presents a survey of available systems and controls that best suit the Canadian market in terms of electrical demand reduction and energy efficiency. Information was obtained from published reports and interviews with key people in the industry.

Download or read book How to Save Energy and Cut Costs in Existing Industrial and Commercial Buildings written by Fred S. Dubin and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 1976 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Impact on Energy Consumption and Environmental Degradation by Switching of Refrigerants in Small Scale Commercial Refrigeration Units written by Anant Wadhwa and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2020-06-23 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2019 in the subject Engineering - Power Engineering, , language: English, abstract: World population has reached 7 billion people in 2013 and there has been an increase in energy consumption, especially in emerging countries. In 2050 it will be more than 9 billion people living on the planet. Because of this, there has been a rapid increase in CO2 concentration levels, so the average planet temperature is rising, causing a greenhouse effect, as the CO2 is trapping in the heat and not releasing it. Consequently, ocean levels are rising, because of the shrinking polar ice caps. We also have seen an increase in the frequency of extreme atmosphere events around the globe. The refrigeration industry has contributed a lot to the global ozone depletion and global warming. To reduce the environmental impact by the heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration industry – both commercial and domestic – there is an urgent need to look for solutions that are both ozone friendly and CO2 friendly (greenhouse effect friendly). Eradicating the damage to the environment has encouraged the industrial and commercial refrigeration industry to investigate refrigerant alternatives that reduce the environmental impact although a good transition to them will also depend on the training that technicians acquire, as well as the understanding of the current and future benefits for the companies and the end users. This thesis aims at such a system which is both above mentioned. Once such a system is designed, it is of the utmost importance to test it and compare it with the systems that are being used currently to assess the benefits of using such system. The thesis has a focus on the liquid cooling systems such as water coolers and small commercial systems that help attain cooling of the liquids to a set temperature. In this thesis, the improvement of energy consumption and environmental degradation prevention is attained by switching the refrigerant used from R134a (current) to R290 (Propane) which is a natural refrigerant and Hydro Carbon Blend which is a mixture of refrigerants but is safer and environmentally friendlier. A comparison of both systems is done against the current system in terms of efficiency, energy consumption and chemical properties with respect to global warming potential and ozone depletion potential and ultimately proven that natural refrigerants and HC Blends are the refrigerants of the future.

Download or read book Performance Standards for Walk in Coolers and Freezers in the United States as a Function of Local Weather Conditions written by Raja Srinivas Rao Anupindi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Walk-in coolers and freezers are medium (~35o F) and low (~-10o F to -20o F) temperature commercial food preservation equipment, with high market demand. There is considerable potential for energy savings through implementation of energy efficiency measures such as high-efficiency evaporator/condenser fan motors, feedback control systems, automatic door closers, strip curtains, suction line insulation, optimized envelope insulation design, high efficiency lighting, hot gas defrost, evaporator fan controllers, etc. However, minimum efficiency standards for walk-in coolers and freezers have not yet been developed. Development of performance based standards for walk-in coolers and freezers is tantamount to establishing an effective market system in order to achieve energy savings. Development of minimum energy efficiency standards and performance based rating methods requires energy consumption data and cooling capacity data for various walk-in refrigeration system components as functions of the dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures of the ambient air surrounding the walk-in box and the condensing unit. In this project, walk-in cooler and freezer models were developed and their performance was simulated using Pack Calculation II software (Danfoss, 2009), in an effort to determine the annual energy consumption and total cooling for a set of representative climatic zones in the United States. Using this data, a performance metric, referred to as the Annual Energy Efficiency Ratio (AEER), was developed to estimate the annual energy efficiency of walk-in coolers and freezers. A simplified testing method based on two representative condensing temperatures to calculate AEER was developed and demonstrated in this research project, based on the hourly ambient temperature data of twelve representative climatic zones in the United States of America. This technique can also be applied to any geographical location with climatic conditions similar to the twelve locations analyzed in this project. This simplified testing method will provide manufacturers with a practical and cost effective technique to test the annual performance of the walk-in refrigeration equipment and to improve operating efficiency. AEER values of walk-in freezer and cooler designs estimated in the current project using the proposed simulation technique closely matched with EER values published in the Federal Register Vol. 75, No.1, Jan 2010, Department of Energy.