Download or read book Energy Requirements of Beef Cows During Late Gestation and Early Lactation written by Dale Alan Larson and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle written by Subcommittee on Beef Cattle Nutrition and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-05-16 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As members of the public becomes more concious of the food they consume and its content, higher standards are expected in the preparation of such food. The updated seventh edition of Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle explores the impact of cattle's biological, production, and environmental diversities, as well as variations on nutrient utilization and requirements. More enhanced than previous editions, this edition expands on the descriptions of cattle and their nutritional requirements taking management and environmental conditions into consideration. The book clearly communicates the current state of beef cattle nutrient requirements and animal variation by visually presenting related data via computer-generated models. Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle expounds on the effects of beef cattle body condition on the state of compensatory growth, takes an in-depth look at the variations in cattle type, and documents the important effects of the environment and stress on food intake. This volume also uses new data on the development of a fetus during pregnancy to prescribe nutrient requirements of gestating cattle more precisely. By focusing on factors such as product quality and environmental awareness, Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle presents standards and advisements for acceptable nutrients in a complete and conventional manner that promotes a more practical understanding and application.
Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-02-09 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This widely used reference has been updated and revamped to reflect the changing face of the dairy industry. New features allow users to pinpoint nutrient requirements more accurately for individual animals. The committee also provides guidance on how nutrient analysis of feed ingredients, insights into nutrient utilization by the animal, and formulation of diets to reduce environmental impacts can be applied to productive management decisions. The book includes a user-friendly computer program on a compact disk, accompanied by extensive context-sensitive "Help" options, to simulate the dynamic state of animals. The committee addresses important issues unique to dairy science-the dry or transition cow, udder edema, milk fever, low-fat milk, calf dehydration, and more. The also volume covers dry matter intake, including how to predict feed intake. It addresses the management of lactating dairy cows, utilization of fat in calf and lactation diets, and calf and heifer replacement nutrition. In addition, the many useful tables include updated nutrient composition for commonly used feedstuffs.
Download or read book Influence of Early Lactation Energy Balance on Postpartum Interval Milk Production and Metabolic Hormone Concentration in Thin Primiparous Beef Heifers written by David Leon Lalman and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous research has firmly documented that body condition at calving has a major influence on reproductive success of beef cattle. One major contributing factor to reduced reproductive efficiency is extended postpartum interval to first estrus or luteal activity (PPI). Unfortunately, due to circumstances that may be beyond the control of the producer, cows and heifers often calve in thin body condition. Other research has led to the recommendation that thin cows be managed to gain body condition during early lactation. However, increasing nutrient intake also increases milk production as well as input costs. Two consecutive experiments were conducted to determine the relationship of rate of body condition change to PPI in first calf heifers that received low nutrient intake during late gestation. Although heifers were treated the same during late gestation, body condition score at calving (CCS) continued to have a greater influence on PPI than did condition score change after calving (CSCH). Increasing body condition during early lactation resulted in reduced PPI, however, few heifers returned to cyclic activity before 90 d postpartum. Maximum reduction in PPI occurred with 1.5 units increase in body condition score (BCS) in 90 d. No additional benefit was gained by increasing more than 1.5 units BCS. In the second trial, the relationships of energy intake and energy balance to milk yield, milk composition and metabolic hormone concentration were investigated. Higher milk production at d 30 postpartum was associated with extended PPI and higher CCS was associated with lower milk production. Low energy intake and (or) body condition loss was associated with a rapid decline in milk production. Greater energy intake delayed peak milk production and resulted in an increase in energy required for milk production as well as an increase in milk protein composition. Greater gains in body condition score were associated with shorter PPI, greater serum concentration of insulin, insulin-like growth factor I and lower serum concentration of growth hormone. Increasing body condition score during early lactation can reduce PPI, but evidence supports that inherent metabolic efficiency is more important in determining PPI.
Download or read book Effect of Environment on Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1981-02-01 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Organic and Inorganic Selenium Supplementation During Late Gestation and Early Lactation on Beef Cow calf Performance written by Christopher Robert Muegge and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Angus x Simmental cows (n = 48, BW = 594 kg, BCS = 5.26, Age = 2.7), pregnant with male fetuses, were used to determine the effect selenium (Se) source during the last 80 d of gestation and first 108 d of lactation on progeny feedlot performance. At 203 d in gestation, cows were blocked by body weight, age, breed composition, and calf sire, and allotted to 1 of 3 treatments: no Se, inorganic Se, or organic Se. Maternal diets were formulated to contain 10.4% CP and 0.90 Mcal/kg NEg during gestation and 12.1% CP and 1.01 Mcal/kg NEg during lactation. Basal diets contained 0.07 and 0.11 mg/kg Se for gestation and lactation diets; respectively. Diets were fed daily as a total mixed ration and Se was provided in a top-dress containing 0, 0.30 mg/kg Se as sodium selenite, or 0.30 mg/kg Se as Sel-PlexRTM. Treatment diets were fed through 108 d post-partum (DPP). At 68 DPP milk production was calculated using the weigh-suckle-weigh procedure and a milk sample was collected was at 62 DPP to determine composition. At 108 DPP cow-calf pairs were commingled until weaning at 216 DPP. At 28 d post-weaning, steers (n = 47, BW = 301 kg) were placed in individual pens and fed a diet formulated to provide 13.9% CP, 1.24 Mcal/kg NEg, and 0.10 mg/kg Se. The diet was delivered as total mixed ration once daily. Cow weight and BCS and calf birth weight did not differ at the beginning of the trial (P ≥ 0.55). Cow BW and BCS (P ≥ 0.85) did not differ between treatments at any time point during the study. Milk production, milk fat, and total solids ( P ≥ 0.38) did not differ among treatments. Milk protein tended to increase in cows fed inorganic Se compared to cows fed organic Se ( P = 0.07) and milk lactose tended to be greatest in cows fed organic Se (P = 0.10). Conception to AI and overall pregnancy rates did not differ between the diets (P ≥ 0.39). Calf weights and ADG did not differ for the 105 d experimental period (P ≥ 0.77) or for the entire pre-weaning period (P ≥ 0.33). Plasma Se concentration did not differ between treatments for the cows ( P ≥ 0.37). Liver Se concentration in cows fed inorganic and organic Se treatment were significantly greater than that of cows from the control treatment (P
Download or read book LATEST ENERGY EQUATIONS NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS AND FEEDING GUIDELINES OF CATTLE written by PROF. HUSEYIN NURSOY and published by Prof. Hüseyin Nursoy. This book was released on 2024-08-27 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the equations of energy units of feeds, body weight definitions, daily dry matter intake equations, factors affecting of daily energy requirements, heat production of body and its determination methods, basal metabolism and respiratory coeffıcient, latest energy equations, conversion rates of energy units, requirements tables and practical feeding guidelines for cattle. This book does not cover the protein, mineral, vitamin and water requirements of cattle because the most important parameter for life and productivity in living is energy then protein. In fact, the energy issue is more complex than protein, mineral, vitamin and water. I also focused on energy issue. Simpler and latest equations were preferred without overwhelming mathematics.
Download or read book A Comparitive sic Study of Feeding Similar Amounts of Energy in Two Distinct Patterns to Twin Bearing Beef Cows in Late Pregnancy and Early Lactation written by Joseph Njoroge Methu and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Animal Agriculture written by Fuller W. Bazer and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-10-25 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animal Agriculture: Sustainability, Challenges and Innovations discusses the land-based production of high-quality protein by livestock and poultry and how it plays an important role in improving human nutrition, growth and health. With exponential growth of the global population and marked rises in meat consumption per capita, demands for animal-source protein are expected to increase 72% between 2013 and 2050. This raises concerns about the sustainability and environmental impacts of animal agriculture. An attractive solution to meeting increasing needs for animal products and mitigating undesirable effects of agricultural practices is to enhance the efficiency of animal growth, reproduction, and lactation. Currently, there is no resource that offers specific knowledge of both animal science and technology, including biotechnology for the sustainability of animal agriculture for the expanding global demand of food in the face of diminishing resources. This book fills that gap, giving readers all the necessary information on important issues facing modern animal agriculture, namely its sustainability, challenges and innovative solutions. - Integrates new knowledge in animal breeding, biotechnology, nutrition, reproduction and management - Addresses the urgent issue of sustainability in modern animal agriculture - Provides practical solutions on how to solve the current and future problems that face animal agriculture worldwide
Download or read book Bovine Reproduction written by Richard M. Hopper and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-08-18 with total page 2206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bovine Reproduction is a comprehensive, current reference providing information on all aspects of reproduction in the bull and cow. Offering fundamental knowledge on evaluating and restoring fertility in the bovine patient, the book also places information in the context of herd health where appropriate for a truly global view of bovine theriogenology. Printed in full color throughout, the book includes 83 chapters and more than 550 images, making it the most exhaustive reference available on this topic. Each section covers anatomy and physiology, breeding management, and reproductive surgery, as well as obstetrics and pregnancy wastage in the cow. Bovine Reproduction is a welcome resource for bovine practitioners, theriogenologists, and animal scientists, as well as veterinary students and residents with an interest in the cow.
Download or read book Analysis of Productivity Nutritional Constraints and Management Options in Beef Cattle Systems Eastern Yucatan Mexico written by Kotaro Baba and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nutritional Management of Beef Cows During Late Gestation to Enhance Offspring Productivity written by Rodrigo Da Silva Marques and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two experiments evaluated nutritional management of late-gestating beef cows to enhance offspring productivity. The objective of experiment 1 was to evaluate the effects of organic and inorganic Cu, Mn, Zn, and Co supplementation to beef cows during late-gestation on performance and physiological responses of the offspring. The objective of experiment 2 was to evaluate the effects of rumen-protected essential fatty acid (EFA) supplementation to beef cows during the last trimester of gestation on performance and physiological responses of the offspring. In experiment 1, 84 multiparous, non-lactating, pregnant Angus × Hereford cows were ranked by pregnancy type (AI = 56 and natural service = 28), BW, and BCS, and allocated to 21 drylot pens at the end of their 2nd trimester of gestation (day 0). Pens were assigned to receive forage-based diets containing: 1) sulfate sources of Cu, Co, Mn, and Zn (INR), 2) an organic complexed source of Cu, Mn, Co, and Zn (AAC; Availa®4; Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN), or 3) no supplemental Cu, Co, Mn, and Zn (CON). Diets were offered from day (d) 0 until calving and formulated to meet requirements for energy, protein, macrominerals, Se, I, and vitamins. The INR and AAC diets provided the same daily amount of Cu, Co, Mn, and Zn. Cow BW and BCS were recorded, and liver samples were collected on d -10 and 2 weeks (wk; d 75) before the calving season. Within 3 h after calving, calf BW was recorded, liver samples were collected, and the expelled placenta was retrieved (n = 47 placentas). Calves were weaned on d 283 of the experiment, preconditioned for 45 d (d 283 to 328), transferred to a growing lot on d 328, and moved to a finishing lot on d 440 where they remained until slaughter. Liver Co, Cu, and Zn concentrations on d 75 were greater (P ≤ 0.05) for INR and AAC compared with CON cows, whereas INR had reduced (P = 0.04) liver Co but greater (P = 0.03) liver Cu compared with AAC cows. In placental cotyledons, Co concentrations were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in AAC and INR compared with CON cows, whereas Cu concentrations were only increased (P = 0.05) in AAC compared with CON cows. Calves from INR and AAC had greater (P
Download or read book Effect of High Versus Low Dietary Energy Immediately Prepartum on the Performance of the Dairy Cow Early in Lactation written by Jaime R. Moya-́Guzmań and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-05-16 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1944, the National Research Council (NRC) has published seven editions of the Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle. This reference has guided nutritionists and other professionals in academia and the cattle and feed industries in developing and implementing nutritional and feeding programs for beef cattle. The cattle industry has undergone considerable changes since the seventh revised edition was published in 2000 and some of the requirements and recommendations set forth at that time are no longer relevant or appropriate. The eighth revised edition of the Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle builds on the previous editions. A great deal of new research has been published during the past 14 years and there is a large amount of new information for many nutrients. In addition to a thorough and current evaluation of the literature on the energy and nutrient requirements of beef in all stages of life, this volume includes new information about phosphorus and sulfur contents; a review of nutritional and feeding strategies to minimize nutrient losses in manure and reduce greenhouse gas production; a discussion of the effect of feeding on the nutritional quality and food safety of beef; new information about nutrient metabolism and utilization; new information on feed additives that alter rumen metabolism and postabsorptive metabolism; and future areas of needed research. The tables of feed ingredient composition are significantly updated. Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle represents a comprehensive review of the most recent information available on beef cattle nutrition and ingredient composition that will allow efficient, profitable, and environmentally conscious beef production.
Download or read book Ruminant Physiology written by Pierre Cronjé and published by CABI. This book was released on 2000 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Symposium on Ruminant Physiology (ISRP) is the premier forum for presentation and discussion of advances in knowledge of the physiology of ruminant animals. This book brings together edited versions of the keynote review papers presented at the symposium.
Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Horses written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-04-13 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proper formulation of diets for horses depends on adequate knowledge of their nutrient requirements. These requirements depend on the breed and age of the horse and whether it is exercising, pregnant, or lactating. A great deal of new information has been accumulated since the publication 17 years ago of the last edition of Nutrient Requirements of Horses. This new edition features a detailed review of scientific literature, summarizing all the latest information, and provides a new set of requirements based on revised data. Also included is updated information on the composition of feeds, feed additives, and other compounds routinely fed to horses. The effects of physiological factors, such as exercise, and environmental factors, such as temperature and humidity, are covered, as well. Nutrient Requirements of Horses also contains information on several nutritional and metabolic diseases that horses often have. Designed primarily as a reference, both practical and technical, Nutrient Requirements of Horses is intended to ensure that the diets of horses and other equids contain adequate amounts of nutrients and that the intakes of certain nutrients are not so excessive that they inhibit performance or impair health. This book is primarily intended for animal nutritionists, veterinarians, and other scientists; however, individual horse owners and managers will also find some of this material useful. Professors who teach graduate courses in animal nutrition will find Nutrient Requirements of Horses beneficial as a textbook.
Download or read book Total Digestible Nutrient Requirements for Beef Cattle During Growth Gestation and Lactation written by Donald Michael Hulver and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
