Download or read book Energy Metabolism and Body Composition Changes in the Extremely Obese After Bariatric Surgery gastric Bypass written by Sai Krupa Das and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Changes in Body Composition Energy Metabolism and Muscle Function Following a Very Low Calorie Diet and Bariatric Surgery written by Ada Huang and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background and aim: Bariatric surgery is an effective intervention for the management of obesity. Bariatric patients are often required to go on a Very Low Calorie Diet (VLCD) before surgery. There is limited research regarding the effect of VLCD and bariatric surgery on changes in body composition, energy metabolism, and functional changes. The aims of this thesis were to investigate, in a cohort of women undergoing bariatric surgery, the body composition, energy metabolism and muscle function changes that occur (1) during a period of VLCD prior to surgery, and (2) over the six month period following surgery. Methods: This thesis analysed the data of participants who underwent the Optifast VLCD (600- 800kcal/d) and bariatric surgery. Data were collected prior to commencement of the VLCD, a day before surgery, and six months after surgery. Body composition was measured using anthropometry, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and whole body counting. Muscle function was measured through the handgrip test. Energy metabolism was measured using indirect calorimetry. Outcome measures included body weight, fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), trunk fat:limb fat ratio (TLFR), mid-arm muscle area (MAMA), total muscle mass by anthropometry, appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM), total body potassium (TBK), bone mineral density (BMD), phase angle (PhA), impedance ratio (IR), handgrip strength and resting energy expenditure (REE). Results: Twenty-six participants were included in pre/post-VLCD analysis. Participants underwent the Optifast VLCD for 32±8 days and showed a significant reduction in body weight (p
Download or read book Sleep Hypoventilation A State of the Art Overview An Issue of Sleep Medicine Clinics written by Babak Mokhlesi and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2014-10-07 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue on Hypoventilation Syndrome covers a variety of topics such as Sleep hypoventilation: Diagnostic considerations and technological limitations,Pathophysiology of hypoventilation during sleep,Advances in PAP treatment modalities for hypoventilation syndromes,Scoring abnormal respiratory events on polysomnography during noninvasive ventilation,OHS Epidemiology and diagnosis,OHS outcomes,Non-PAP treatment modalities in OHS, Pulmonary overlap syndromes,Noninvasive ventilation during sleep in stable COPD and more!
Download or read book Surgical Management of Obesity written by Henry Buchwald and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2007 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leaders in the field present today's most comprehensive coverage of bariatric surgery, one of the most promising current treatments for the growing global epidemic of overweight and obesity. This brand new resource begins with a through examination of the history, incidence, demography, etiology, biology, comorbidities, longevity, and social and economic implications of obesity. It then discusses pre-, peri-, and postoperative issues of importance before examining the evolution of bariatric procedures. Individual chapters present the best surgical approaches, their outcomes, and other considerations involved in this surgical approach. Presents a comprehensive overview of the entire field of bariatric surgery, as well as a broad discussion of critical non-operative topics. Discusses the evolution of bariatric procedures, followed by individual chapters that examine laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, vertical banded gastroplasty, the banded gastric bypass, and other surgical approaches. Reviews the outcomes of bariatric surgery with respect to nutrition, diabetes, hypertension, sleep apnea, orthopedic conditions, and metabolism. Offers guidance on practical and academic training of the bariatric surgeon, patient support groups, the importance of the multidisciplinary team, managed care, allied health, laparoscopic suites and robotics, liability issues, and more. Includes dietary, drug management, and other alternative non-operative approaches. Addresses the growing incidence of childhood obesity with a chapter focusing on adolescent bariatric surgery patients. With 91 additional contributing experts.
Download or read book Gut Peptides written by John H. Walsh and published by Raven Press (ID). This book was released on 1994 with total page 904 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive approach to gastrointestinal hormones, for clinicians and scientists who are interested in hormonal regulation of the gastrointestinal tract. The first section discusses general issues related to peptides as messengers, including receptors and signal transduction and control of gene expression. The second section presents the biochemical and physiological features of the gastrointestinal hormones and neuropeptides. The third section integrates these peptides into physiological and pathophysiological regulatory pathways of the gut. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Weight Management written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-12-01 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary purpose of fitness and body composition standards in the U.S. Armed Forces has always been to select individuals best suited to the physical demands of military service, based on the assumption that proper body weight and composition supports good health, physical fitness, and appropriate military appearance. The current epidemic of overweight and obesity in the United States affects the military services. The pool of available recruits is reduced because of failure to meet body composition standards for entry into the services and a high percentage of individuals exceeding military weight-for-height standards at the time of entry into the service leave the military before completing their term of enlistment. To aid in developing strategies for prevention and remediation of overweight in military personnel, the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command requested the Committee on Military Nutrition Research to review the scientific evidence for: factors that influence body weight, optimal components of a weight loss and weight maintenance program, and the role of gender, age, and ethnicity in weight management.
Download or read book Gut Hormones written by Stephen Robert Bloom and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity written by George A. Bray and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-23 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an up-to-date survey of the current scientific understanding of obesity and the metabolic syndrome, as well as an overview of the most significant changes to the field over the past 30 years. The book defines obesity and realistically assesses its prevalence. It further examines and evaluates the success of traditional cognitive behavioral treatment. This volume is a thorough reference for obesity and the metabolic syndrome.
Download or read book Bariatric Endocrinology written by J. Michael Gonzalez-Campoy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book – the first ever on bariatric endocrinology – is a comprehensive endocrine and metabolism approach to the diseases that result from excess fat mass accumulation and adipose tissue dysfunction. It takes an approach that places adipose tissue at the center of the clinical approach to patients, as opposed to the complications of adipose tissue accumulation and dysfunction, which has been the dominant approach to date. Initial chapters include discussion of adipose tissue physiology and pathophysiology (adiposopathy), hormonal, central nervous system, and gut microbiome regulation of energy balance and stores, and primary and secondary causes of adipose tissue weight gain. Subsequent chapters cover the evaluation and treatment of dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and hyperglycemic states, hypertension, neoplasia, and gonadal function in men and women. Management strategies, such as nutrition, physical activity, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric procedures, round out the presentation. Each chapter is bookended by bullet-pointed clinical pearls at the beginning and a full reading list at the end. Written and edited by experts in the field of endocrinology and obesity management, Bariatric Endocrinology redefines practice to focus not just on weight loss as measured in pounds lost, but on adipose tissue mass and pathology, decreasing fat mass for adiposity-related diseases and returning adipose tissue to normal function.
Download or read book P3 17 02 Changes in Resting Energy Expenditure Following Gastric Bypass Surgery Impact on Total Body Weight written by Fathimath Naseer and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bariatric surgery, including Gastric Bypass (GBP) Surgery, is the most efficient modality to manage severe obesity. Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) is an area of interest in the context of weight loss (WL) as it has been postulated to be an independent predictor of WL success following GBP. As such, the aim of this study is to investigate the impact of REE on WL following GBP. 31 GBP patients (77.4% females BMI 45.5u00b17.0kg/m2 ; 47.3u00b111.6y) and 32 weight-stable controls (46.9% females; BMI 27.0u00b14.6kg/m2 ; 41.1u00b113.5y) were assessed at one-month pre-surgery and at 3 and 12-months post-surgery. Fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (Lunar iDXA, GE Healthcare). REE was measured under standardised conditions using indirect calorimetry (ECAL, Metabolic Health Solutions). Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS v24.0, Armonk, NY. Multiple regression analysis showed that FM (P=0.001), FFM (P0.0001) and gender (P=0.012) significantly predicted the interindividual variability in REE. Total body weight (TBW) was removed from the model due to collinearity. Adjusted-REE values were then generated using the above predictor variables. Low-REE and high-REE groups were created using within-group adjusted-REE split. At both follow-ups (3- and 12-months post-surgery), patients had a greater reduction in TBW, FM, FFM, measured-REE and adjusted-REE values compared with controls (P0.0001). There was also no significant difference between measured and adjusted-REE values at all time-points (P0.05). Patients with high REEs at baseline lost more TBW than those in the low-REE group at 3-months post-surgery (-24.9u00b16.5kg vs. -16.6u00b17.0kg; P=0.005) and 12-months post-surgery (- 41.3u00b112.5kg vs. -25.8u00b110.4.0kg; P=0.003). There was no significant difference in mean TBW changes for controls in the low-and high-REE groups at both follow-ups. Patients with high REEs at 3-months post-surgery did not lose more TBW than those in the low-REE group at 12-months post-surgery (-30.1u00b112.8kg vs. -38.6u00b114.4kg; P=0.155). Similarly, there was no difference in mean TBW reduction between controls in the low- and high-REE groups (P=0.115). Thus while patients with a high adjusted-REE value at baseline (9746.6kJ/day) lost more weight at 3- and 12-months post-GBP, it is plausible that from the third to the 12th month post-surgery, other key drivers of weight loss, particularly the reduction in energy intake are more important in predicting WL. Further research with a larger sample size is required to increase the chances of detecting a true effect. Conflict of interest:There is no conflict of interest.
Download or read book Endocrinology of the Gut written by Frank P. Brooks and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery written by Seung Ho Choi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-02-21 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery is recognized to be an important and effective option for the treatment of severe obesity and the various associated conditions and diseases. This book presents state of the art knowledge on such surgery with the aim of facilitating the sharing and exchange of knowledge, documenting effective techniques, and enhancing safety and outcomes. All technical aspects are covered in detail, and the text is complemented by many helpful illustrations. A further key feature is the provision of accompanying surgical videos, which will be of value to both novice and experienced surgeons. This textbook will be a great asset in clinical practice for all who are involved or interested in bariatric and metabolic surgery.
Download or read book Anesthetic Management of the Obese Surgical Patient written by Jay B. Brodsky and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-12-08 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global obesity epidemic is growing in severity, affecting people of every age and costing healthcare providers millions of dollars every year. Every day, anesthesiologists are presented with obese and morbidly obese patients undergoing every type of surgical procedure; the management of these patients differs significantly from that of normal weight patients undergoing the same procedure. Anesthetic Management of the Obese Surgical Patient discusses these specific management issues within each surgical specialty area. Initial chapters describe pre-operative assessment and pharmacology; these are followed by detailed chapters on the anesthetic management of a wide variety of surgical procedures, from joint replacement to open heart surgery. Essential reading for anesthesiologists and nurse anesthetists worldwide, Anesthetic Management of the Obese Surgical Patient and its companion work by the same authors, Morbid Obesity: Peri-operative Management, enable both trainees and practised professionals to manage this complex patient group effectively.
Download or read book Metabolic and Hormonal Changes in Diabetic Patients After Bariatric Surgery written by Wafa Noureddin Elasheg and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: The prevalence of obesity inducing type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide. Bariatric surgery is gaining acceptance as a weight loss surgical intervention for obesity and associated comorbidities .Type 2 diabetes remission has been shown to occur after surgical intervention, and before significant weight loss has taken place. Therefore, researchers are interested in investigating the underlying mechanisms for diabetes remission. Moreover, the impact of surgery induced weight loss on body composition parameters has been an area of interest. Compared to non-surgical interventions, weight loss after bariatric surgery appears to be better maintained. This result may to some degree be because resting energy expenditure per unit fat-free mass is raised following the surgery. It has been suggested that the gut plays an important role and focus has been directed at the gut hormones, such as the incretin, to understand the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of bariatric surgery on insulin, glucose homeostasis and gut hormones and on body composition and resting energy expenditure. Method: Twenty participants who were enrolled in a double-blind, randomised trial comparing laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy were studied. Entry to this trial required that patients were obese and diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The study will not be unblinded until five years of follow-up has been completed. Body composition and bone mineral density, measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and glucose tolerance, measured with an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), were evaluated immediately preoperatively and 12 months following surgery. Serial measurements of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon-like peptide-1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), pancreatic polypeptide YY, leptin and ghrelin were performed during the OGTT at the preoperative and postoperative times. Area under the curve (AUC) was examined at 30 and 60 minutes. Lipid profiles were measured in the fasting state pre- and postoperatively. Resting energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry in the fasted state before the OGTT. Result: Of the 20 patients, 6 did not achieve diabetes remission at one year after bariatric surgery. At follow up the study showed reduction in the body weight by 29.1 ± 2.8 kg, body mass index by 10.1 ± 2.8 kg/m2 and total body fat by 23.7±2.7 kg. The weight loss was composed of 79 ± 2% fat. The visceral and subcutaneous fat in the abdominal region, as assessed by DEXA, are also decreased by similar amounts. In addition to the significant improvement in glucose control (HbA1c: 7.9±0.2% vs 5.8±0.2%, P
Download or read book Energy Balance and Obesity written by Isabelle Romieu and published by IARC Working Group Report. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the relationship between energy balance and obesity is essential to develop effective prevention programs and policies. The International Agency for Research on Cancer convened a Working Group of world-leading experts in December 2015 to review the evidence regarding energy balance and obesity, with a focus on low- and middle-income countries, and to consider the following scientific questions: (i) Are the drivers of the obesity epidemic related only to energy excess and/or do specific foods or nutrients play a major role in this epidemic? (ii) What are the factors that modulate these associations? (iii) Which types of data and/or studies will further improve our understanding? This book provides summaries of the evidence from the literature as well as the Working Group's conclusions and recommendations to tackle the global epidemic of obesity.
Download or read book Weighing the Options written by Paul R. Thomas and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1995-03-01 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents criteria for evaluating treatment programs for obesity and explores what these criteria mean--to health care providers, program designers, researchers, and even overweight people seeking help. Discusses information necessary to make wise program choices and evaluations; examines how client demographics and characteristics--including health status, knowledge of weight-loss issues, and attitude toward weight and body image--affect these programs.
Download or read book Schwartz s Principles of Surgery 10th edition written by F. Charles Brunicardi and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2014-06-05 with total page 2098 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE WORLD'S #1 SURGERY TEXT--UPDATED TO INCLUDE STATE-OF-THE-ART EVIDENCE-BASED SURGICAL CARE AND LEADERSHIP GUIDANCE FOR TRAINEES AND PRACTICING SURGEONS The Tenth Edition of Schwartz's Principles of Surgery maintains the book's unmatched coverage of the foundations of surgery while bringing into sharper focus new and emerging technologies. We have entered a new era of surgery in which minimally invasive surgery, robotic surgery, and the use of computers and genomic information have improved the outcomes and quality of life for patients. With these advances in mind, all chapters have been updated with an emphasis on evidence-based, state-of-the-art surgical care. An exciting new chapter, "Fundamental Principles of Leadership Training in Surgery," expands the scope of the book beyond the operating room to encompass the actual development of surgeons. This edition is also enriched by an increased number of international chapter authors and a new chapter on Global Surgery. More than ever, Schwartz's Principles of Surgery is international in scope--a compendium of the knowledge and technique of the world's leading surgeons. Features More clinically relevant than ever, with emphasis on high-yield discussion of diagnosis and treatment of surgical disease, arranged by organ system and surgical specialty Content is supported by boxed key points, detailed anatomical figures, diagnostic and management algorithms, and key references Beautiful full-color design
