Download or read book Energy efficient scalable and modular industrial microwave applicator for high temperature alkaline hydrolysis of PET written by Ramopoulos, Vasileios and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2023-01-27 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microwave-assisted alkaline hydrolysis of PET can be 20 times faster and at lower temperatures. This work presents a novel industrial microwave applicator at 2.45 GHz with homogeneous distribution to support this reaction, which allows an efficient and continuous operation. In addition, an innovative dielectric and calorimetric measurements setup is presented. Furthermore, the modelling of the reaction kinetics based on the measured dielectric parameters is presented.
Download or read book Energy efficient Scalable and Modular Industrial Microwave Applicator for High Temperature Alkaline Hydrolysis of PET written by Vasileios Ramopoulos and published by . This book was released on 2021* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book MultPhysics Modelling towards the Stabilization of PAN Fibers with Microwaves Based on Experimental Data written by Hofele, Julia and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2024-07-10 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High energy demand is one reason for high costs of carbon fibers. One option to decrease them is to use microwave heating instead of conventional heating. In this work, steps towards a microwave assisted process during the stabilization phase are presented. In-situ dielectric measurements are performed and a reaction kinetics model is setup in connection to the dielectric loss. This allows to calculate a stabilization degree and fiber temperatures leading to a basic process understanding.
Download or read book New Type of sub THz Oscillator and Amplifier Systems Based on Helical Type Gyro TWTs written by Marek, Alexander and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2023-01-26 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work presents the development of a new sub-THz source for the generation of trains of coherent high-power ultra-short pulses at 263 GHz via passive mode-locking of two coupled helical gyro-TWTs. For the first time, it is shown that the operation of such passive mode-locked helical gyro-TWTs in the hard excitation regime is of particular importance to reach the optimal coherency of the generated pulses. This could be of particular interest for some new time-domain DNP-NMR methods.
Download or read book A First 2 MW Class 136 170 204 GHz Multi Frequency Gyrotron Pre Prototype for DEMO Design Construction and Key Components Verification written by Ruess, Tobias and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2023-10-26 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ein Gyrotron wird in magnetisch eingeschlossenen Plasmaexperimenten für Heizung, Stromtrieb, Plasmastabilisierung und Plasmadiagnostik verwendet. In dieser Arbeit wird der erste Entwurf und Bau eines Mehrfrequenz-/Mehrzweck Pre-Prototyp Gyrotrons in koaxialer Technologie vorgestellt, das bei (136)/170/204 GHz mit einer Ausgangsleistung von 2 MW arbeitet. Dies ist der erste Schritt zum Betrieb bei Frequenzen bis zu 240 GHz unter Verwendung der Koaxialhohlraum-Gyrotrontechnologie. - A gyrotron is used in magnetically confined plasma experiments for heating, current drive, plasma stabilization and plasma diagnostics. This work presents the first design and construction of a multi-frequency / multi-purpose coaxial-cavity pre-prototype gyrotron operating at (136)/170/204 GHz with an output power of 2 MW. It is the first step towards operating frequencies up to 240 GHz using the coaxial-cavity gyrotron technology.
Download or read book Automated Mode Recovery and Electronic Stability Control for Wendelstein 7 X Gyrotrons written by Wilde, Fabian and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2024-08-07 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic confinement fusion relies on plasma heating and plasma control using gyrotron oscillators providing at megawatt power levels. The operational reliability decreases when operating at the performance limits due to increasing parasitic mode activity. This work demonstrates for the first time the automated, fast recovery of nominal gyrotron operation during a pulse by exploiting the hysteretic gyrotron behaviour after a mode switch being in use at the Wendelstein 7-X ECRH facility.
Download or read book Radio Frequency and Microwave Electronics Illustrated written by Matthew M. Radmanesh and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 2001 with total page 849 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreword by Dr. Asad Madni, C. Eng., Fellow IEEE, Fellow IEE Learn the fundamentals of RF and microwave electronics visually, using many thoroughly tested, practical examples RF and microwave technology are essential throughout industry and to a world of new applications-in wireless communications, in Direct Broadcast TV, in Global Positioning System (GPS), in healthcare, medical and many other sciences. Whether you're seeking to strengthen your skills or enter the field for the first time, Radio Frequency and Microwave Electronics Illustrated is the fastest way to master every key measurement, electronic, and design principle you need to be effective. Dr. Matthew Radmanesh uses easy mathematics and a highly graphical approach with scores of examples to bring about a total comprehension of the subject. Along the way, he clearly introduces everything from wave propagation to impedance matching in transmission line circuits, microwave linear amplifiers to hard-core nonlinear active circuit design in Microwave Integrated Circuits (MICs). Coverage includes: A scientific framework for learning RF and microwaves easily and effectively Fundamental RF and microwave concepts and their applications The characterization of two-port networks at RF and microwaves using S-parameters Use of the Smith Chart to simplify analysis of complex design problems Key design considerations for microwave amplifiers: stability, gain, and noise Workable considerations in the design of practical active circuits: amplifiers, oscillators, frequency converters, control circuits RF and Microwave Integrated Circuits (MICs) Novel use of "live math" in circuit analysis and design Dr. Radmanesh has drawn upon his many years of practical experience in the microwave industry and educational arena to introduce an exceptionally wide range of practical concepts and design methodology and techniques in the most comprehensible fashion. Applications include small-signal, narrow-band, low noise, broadband and multistage transistor amplifiers; large signal/high power amplifiers; microwave transistor oscillators, negative-resistance circuits, microwave mixers, rectifiers and detectors, switches, phase shifters and attenuators. The book is intended to provide a workable knowledge and intuitive understanding of RF and microwave electronic circuit design. Radio Frequency and Microwave Electronics Illustrated includes a comprehensive glossary, plus appendices covering key symbols, physical constants, mathematical identities/formulas, classical laws of electricity and magnetism, Computer-Aided-Design (CAD) examples and more. About the Web Site The accompanying web site has an "E-Book" containing actual design examples and methodology from the text, in Microsoft Excel environment, where files can easily be manipulated with fresh data for a new design.
Download or read book Principles of Food Sanitation written by Norman G. Marriott and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large volume food processing and preparation operations have increased the need for improved sanitary practices from processing to consumption. This trend presents a challenge to every employee in the food processing and food prepara tion industry. Sanitation is an applied science for the attainment of hygienic conditions. Because of increased emphasis on food safety, sanitation is receiving increased attention from those in the food industry. Traditionally, inexperienced employees with few skills who have received little or no training have been delegated sanitation duties. Yet sanitation employees require intensive training. In the past, these employees, including sanitation program managers, have had only limited access to material on this subject. Technical information has been confined primarily to a limited number of training manuals provided by regulatory agen cies, industry and association manuals, and recommendations from equipment and cleaning compound firms. Most of this material lacks specific information related to the selection of appropriate cleaning methods, equipment, compounds, and sanitizers for maintaining hygienic conditions in food processing and prepara tion facilities. The purpose of this text is to provide sanitation information needed to ensure hygienic practices. Sanitation is a broad subject; thus, principles related to con tamination, cleaning compounds, sanitizers, and cleaning equipment, and specific directions for applying these principles to attain hygienic conditions in food processing and food preparation are discussed. The discussion starts with the importance of sanitation and also includes regulatory requirements and voluntary sanitation programs including additional and updated information on Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP).
Download or read book Natural Product Extraction written by Mauricio A Rostagno and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-10-09 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural products are sought after by the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries, and research continues into their potential for new applications. Extraction of natural products in an economic and environmentally-friendly way is of high importance to all industries involved. This book presents a holistic and in-depth view of the techniques available for extracting natural products, with modern and more environmentally-benign methods, such as ultrasound and supercritical fluids discussed alongside conventional methods. Examples and case studies are presented, along with the decision-making process needed to determine the most appropriate method. Where appropriate, scale-up and process integration is discussed. Relevant to researchers in academia and industry, and students aiming for either career path, Natural Product Extraction presents a handy digest of the current trends and latest developments in the field with concepts of Green Chemistry in mind.
Download or read book Synthetic Methods in Step Growth Polymers written by Martin E. Rogers and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-08-08 with total page 619 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alles über die Stufenwachstums-Polymerisation - von Syntheseverfahren und Reinigungsmethoden bis zur Charakterisierung der Produkte - finden Sie in diesem Buch. - bietet einen Ausblick auf zukünftige Trends - mit historischen Informationen - erläutert die Klassifikation von Stufenwachstumspolymeren
Download or read book Sol Gel Technologies for Glass Producers and Users written by Michel Andre Aegerter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-19 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sol-Gel Techniques for Glass Producers and Users provides technological information, descriptions and characterizations of prototypes, or products already on the market, and illustrates advantages and disadvantages of the sol-gel process in comparison to other methods. The first chapter entitled "Wet Chemical Technology" gives a summary of the basic principles of the sol-gel chemistry. The most promising applications are related to coatings. Chapter 2 describes the various "Wet Chemical Coating Technologies" from glass cleaning to many deposition and post-coating treatment techniques. These include patterning of coatings through direct or indirect techniques which have became very important and for which the sol-gel processing is particularly well adapted. Chapter 3 entitled "Bulk Glass Technologies" reports on the preparation of special glasses for different applications. Chapter 4 entitled "Coatings and Materials Properties" describes the properties of the different coatings and the sol-gel materials, fibers and powders. The chapter also includes a section dedicated to the characterization techniques especially applied to sol-gel coatings and products.
Download or read book Advances in Fingerprint Technology written by Ashim K. Datta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-06-15 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fingerprints constitute one of the most important categories of physical evidence, and it is among the few that can be truly individualized. During the last two decades, many new and exciting developments have taken place in the field of fingerprint science, particularly in the realm of methods for developing latent prints and in the growth of imag
Download or read book Advances in Baking Technology written by B. S. KAMEL AND C. E. STAUFFER and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-11 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 24th International Enamellers Congress written by Monica Sawicki and published by . This book was released on 2018-05-28 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dairy Ingredients for Food Processing written by Ramesh C. Chandan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-15 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this book is to provide a single reference source for those working with dairy-based ingredients, offering a comprehensive and practical account of the various dairy ingredients commonly used in food processing operations. The Editors have assembled a team of 25 authors from the United States, Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom, representing a full range of international expertise from academic, industrial, and government research backgrounds. After introductory chapters which present the chemical, physical, functional and microbiological characteristics of dairy ingredients, the book addresses the technology associated with the manufacture of the major dairy ingredients, focusing on those parameters that affect their performance and functionality in food systems. The popular applications of dairy ingredients in the manufacture of food products such as dairy foods, bakery products, processed cheeses, processed meats, chocolate as well as confectionery products, functional foods, and infant and adult nutritional products, are covered in some detail in subsequent chapters. Topics are presented in a logical and accessible style in order to enhance the usefulness of the book as a reference volume. It is hoped that Dairy Ingredients for Food Processing will be a valuable resource for members of academia engaged in teaching and research in food science; regulatory personnel; food equipment manufacturers; and technical specialists engaged in the manufacture and use of dairy ingredients. Special features: Contemporary description of dairy ingredients commonly used in food processing operations Focus on applications of dairy ingredients in various food products Aimed at food professionals in R&D, QA/QC, manufacturing and management World-wide expertise from over 20 noted experts in academe and industry
Download or read book Nanocatalysis written by Vivek Polshettiwar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-09-30 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exhibiting both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic properties, nanocatalysts allow for rapid and selective chemical transformations, with the benefits of excellent product yield and ease of catalyst separation and recovery. This book reviews the catalytic performance and the synthesis and characterization of nanocatalysts, examining the current state of the art and pointing the way towards new avenues of research. Moreover, the authors discuss new and emerging applications of nanocatalysts and nanocatalysis, from pharmaceuticals to fine chemicals to renewable energy to biotransformations. Nanocatalysis features contributions from leading research groups around the world. These contributions reflect a thorough review of the current literature as well as the authors’ first-hand experience designing and synthesizing nanocatalysts and developing new applications for them. The book’s nineteen chapters offer a broad perspective, covering: Nanocatalysis for carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom coupling reactions Nanocatalysis for various organic transformations in fine chemical synthesis Nanocatalysis for oxidation, hydrogenation, and other related reactions Nanomaterial-based photocatalysis and biocatalysis Nanocatalysts to produce non-conventional energy such as hydrogen and biofuels Nanocatalysts and nano-biocatalysts in the chemical industry Readers will also learn about the latest spectroscopic and microscopy tools used in advanced characterization methods that shed new light on nanocatalysts and nanocatalysis. Moreover, the authors offer expert advice to help readers develop strategies to improve catalytic performance. Summarizing and reviewing all the most important advances in nanocatalysis over the last two decades, this book explains the many advantages of nanocatalysts over conventional homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, providing the information and guidance needed for designing green, sustainable catalytic processes.
Download or read book Soft Actuators written by Kinji Asaka and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-08-28 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the second edition of Soft Actuators, originally published in 2014, with 12 chapters added to the first edition. The subject of this new edition is current comprehensive research and development of soft actuators, covering interdisciplinary study of materials science, mechanics, electronics, robotics, and bioscience. The book includes contemporary research of actuators based on biomaterials for their potential in future artificial muscle technology. Readers will find detailed and useful information about materials, methods of synthesis, fabrication, and measurements to study soft actuators. Additionally, the topics of materials, modeling, and applications not only promote the further research and development of soft actuators, but bring benefits for utilization and industrialization. This volume makes generous use of color figures, diagrams, and photographs that provide easy-to-understand descriptions of the mechanisms, apparatus, and motions of soft actuators. Also, in this second edition the chapters on modeling, materials design, and device design have been given a wider scope and made easier to comprehend, which will be helpful in practical applications of soft actuators. Readers of this work can acquire the newest technology and information about basic science and practical applications of flexible, lightweight, and noiseless soft actuators, which differ from conventional mechanical engines and electric motors. This new edition of Soft Actuators will inspire readers with fresh ideas and encourage their research and development, thus opening up a new field of applications for the utilization and industrialization of soft actuators.