Download or read book Global Physical Climatology written by Dennis L. Hartmann and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1994-07-06 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global Physical Climatology is an introductory text devoted to the fundamental physical principles and problems of climate sensitivity and change. Addressing some of the most critical issues in climatology, this text features incisive coverage of topics that are central to understanding orbital parameter theory for past climate changes, and for anthropogenic and natural causes of near-future changes-- Key Features * Covers the physics of climate change * Examines the nature of the current climate and its previous changes * Explores the sensitivity of climate and the mechanisms by which humans are likely to produce near-future climate changes * Provides instructive end-of-chapter exercises and appendices
Download or read book Energy Budget at Earth s Surface written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Budget at the Earth s Surface written by United States. Department of Agriculture and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Energy Budget at the Earth s Surface written by United States. Department of Agriculture and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Energy Budget at the Earth s Surface written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Energy Budget at the Earth s Surface written by Edgar R. Lemon and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Heat Balance of the Earth s Surface written by Mikhail Ivanovich Budyko and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Energy Budget at the Earth s Surface Part I Preliminary Studies at Ithaca N Y 1959 written by Joseph H. Shinn and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Representative energy balance data over corn and alfalfa fields point up the importance that leaf cover (and thus ''surface wetness'') has in effecting the partition of net radiation. In a cornfield sensible heat exchange in the soil and the air was proportionately greater than in an alfalfa field where more energy was exchanged as latent heat. Energy balance studies in a wintertime snowfield under solar radiation intensities comparable to those in a summertime cornfield reveal how important albedo (solar radiation reflection) is to the energy balance. In an investigation of the surface aerodynamic properties of a cornfield, it was found that the elastic properties of the surface cause the ''roughness length'' to increase with windspeed, and the ''crop displacement'' to decrease with windspeed. This suggests that with increasing windspeed the corn crop surface appears to increase in roughness length, and thus act as a greater momentum sink. (Author).
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Snow Ice and Glaciers written by Vijay P. Singh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-29 with total page 1301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The earth’s cryosphere, which includes snow, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, ice shelves, sea ice, river and lake ice, and permafrost, contains about 75% of the earth’s fresh water. It exists at almost all latitudes, from the tropics to the poles, and plays a vital role in controlling the global climate system. It also provides direct visible evidence of the effect of climate change, and, therefore, requires proper understanding of its complex dynamics. This encyclopedia mainly focuses on the various aspects of snow, ice and glaciers, but also covers other cryospheric branches, and provides up-to-date information and basic concepts on relevant topics. It includes alphabetically arranged and professionally written, comprehensive and authoritative academic articles by well-known international experts in individual fields. The encyclopedia contains a broad spectrum of topics, ranging from the atmospheric processes responsible for snow formation; transformation of snow to ice and changes in their properties; classification of ice and glaciers and their worldwide distribution; glaciation and ice ages; glacier dynamics; glacier surface and subsurface characteristics; geomorphic processes and landscape formation; hydrology and sedimentary systems; permafrost degradation; hazards caused by cryospheric changes; and trends of glacier retreat on the global scale along with the impact of climate change. This book can serve as a source of reference at the undergraduate and graduate level and help to better understand snow, ice and glaciers. It will also be an indispensable tool containing specialized literature for geologists, geographers, climatologists, hydrologists, and water resources engineers; as well as for those who are engaged in the practice of agricultural and civil engineering, earth sciences, environmental sciences and engineering, ecosystem management, and other relevant subjects.
Download or read book Observing and Modeling Earth s Energy Flows written by Lennart Bengtsson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-09-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive presentation of Earth’s energy flows and their consequences for the climate. The Earth’s climate as well as planetary climates in general, are broadly controlled by three fundamental parameters: the solar irradiance, the planetary albedo and the planetary emissivity. Space measurements indicate that these three quantities are remarkably stable. A minor decrease in planetary emissivity is consistent with theoretical calculations. This is due to the ongoing increase of atmospheric greenhouse gases making the atmosphere more opaque to long wave terrestrial radiation. As a consequence radiation processes are slightly out of balance as less heat is leaving the Earth in the form of thermal radiation than the incoming amount of heat from the sun. Present space-based systems cannot yet satisfactorily measure this imbalance, but the effect can be inferred from the measurements of the increase of heat in the oceans. Minor amounts of heat are also used to melt ice and to warm the atmosphere and the surface of the Earth. The book brings to fore the complexity of feedback processes of the Earth’s climate system and in particular the way clouds and aerosols affect the energy balance both directly and indirectly through feed-back loops driven by the dynamics of atmospheric, ocean and land surface processes. The book highlights recent scientific progress as well as remaining challenges. Previously published in Surveys in Geophysics, Volume 33, Nos. 3-4, 2012
Download or read book The Energy Budget at the Earth s Surface Vol 2 written by Edgar R. Lemon and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Energy Budget at the Earth's Surface, Vol. 2: Studies at Ithaca, N. Y., 1960 The two causes of turbulence in the atmosphere are (1) forced convection, through the boundary layer type shear flow instability (effect of velocity profile), and (2) free convection, through the buoy ancy force-type instability (effect of heating from below). At present much literature on the study of turbulence exists on forced convection, but little definitive knowledge is available regarding the second type. In the present study, it is our pur pose to limit the first phase of the investigation tog-the effect of the forced convective, or boundary layer type turbulence only, on atmospheric 002 distribution. Steady state atmospheric boundary layer flow and shall now introduce a principle of flux conserva tion. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Introduction to Climate Science written by Andreas Schmittner and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Energy Budget at the Earth s Surface Vol 1 written by Edgar R. Lemon and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-01-09 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Energy Budget at the Earth's Surface, Vol. 1: Preliminary Studies at Ithaca, N. Y., 1959 Theoretical estimates of the role played by photosynthesis in the energy balance reveal the possibility of much greater energy utilization in the photochemical fixation of carbon dioxide than was heretofore realized. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book The Energy Budget at the Earth s Surface written by Edgar R. Lemon and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Earth s Energy Budget written by Tom Gates and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radiative Forcing of Climate Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-03-25 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changes in climate are driven by natural and human-induced perturbations of the Earth's energy balance. These climate drivers or "forcings" include variations in greenhouse gases, aerosols, land use, and the amount of energy Earth receives from the Sun. Although climate throughout Earth's history has varied from "snowball" conditions with global ice cover to "hothouse" conditions when glaciers all but disappeared, the climate over the past 10,000 years has been remarkably stable and favorable to human civilization. Increasing evidence points to a large human impact on global climate over the past century. The report reviews current knowledge of climate forcings and recommends critical research needed to improve understanding. Whereas emphasis to date has been on how these climate forcings affect global mean temperature, the report finds that regional variation and climate impacts other than temperature deserve increased attention.
Download or read book The Utility of Satellite Data in Estimating the Energy Budget of the Earth s Surface written by George Russell Diak and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
