Download or read book Contesting Trade in Central America written by Rose J. Spalding and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2014-04-01 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2004, the United States, five Central American countries, and the Dominican Republic signed the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA), signaling the region's commitment to a neoliberal economic model. For many, however, neoliberalism had lost its luster as the new century dawned, and resistance movements began to gather force. Contesting Trade in Central America is the first book-length study of the debate over CAFTA, tracing the agreement's drafting, its passage, and its aftermath across Central America. Rose J. Spalding draws on nearly two hundred interviews with representatives from government, business, civil society, and social movements to analyze the relationship between the advance of free market reform in Central America and the parallel rise of resistance movements. She views this dynamic through the lens of Karl Polanyi's "double movement" theory, which posits that significant shifts toward market economics will trigger oppositional, self-protective social countermovements. Examining the negotiations, political dynamics, and agents involved in the passage of CAFTA in Costa Rica, El Salvador, and Nicaragua, Spalding argues that CAFTA served as a high-profile symbol against which Central American oppositions could rally. Ultimately, she writes, post-neoliberal reform "involves not just the design of appropriate policy mixes and sequences, but also the hard work of building sustainable and inclusive political coalitions, ones that prioritize the quality of social bonds over raw economic freedom."
Download or read book Mano Dura written by Sonja Wolf and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2017-01-31 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1992, at the end of a twelve-year civil war, El Salvador was poised for a transition to democracy. Yet, after longstanding dominance by a small oligarchy that continually used violence to repress popular resistance, El Salvador’s democracy has proven to be a fragile one, as social ills (poverty chief among them) have given rise to neighborhoods where gang activity now thrives. Mano Dura examines the ways in which the ruling ARENA party used gang violence to solidify political power in the hands of the elite—culminating in draconian “iron fist” antigang policies that undermine human rights while ultimately doing little to address the roots of gang membership. Drawing on extensive ethnographic fieldwork and policy analysis, Mano Dura examines the activities of three nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) that have advocated for more nuanced policies to eradicate gangs and the societal issues that are both a cause and an effect of gang proliferation. While other studies of street gangs have focused on relatively distant countries such as Colombia, Argentina, and Jamaica, Sonja Wolf’s research takes us to a country closer to the United States, where forced deportation has brought with it US gang culture. Charting the limited success of NGOs in influencing El Salvador’s security policies, the book brings to light key contextual aspects—including myopic media coverage and the ironic populist support for ARENA, despite the party’s protection of the elite at the expense of the greater society.
Download or read book Latin American Social Movements in the Twenty first Century written by Richard Stahler-Sholk and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2008-04-18 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This clearly written and comprehensive text examines the uprising of politically and economically marginalized groups in Latin American societies. Specialists in a broad range of disciplines present original research from a variety of case studies in a student-friendly format. Part introductions help students contextualize the essays, highlighting social movement origins, strategies, and outcomes. Thematic sections address historical context, political economy, community-building and consciousness, ethnicity and race, gender, movement strategies, and transnational organizing, making this book useful to anyone studying the wide range of social movements in Latin America.
Download or read book Cat logo de Productos Y Servicios de Head Start 2006 written by United States. Head Start Bureau and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalog of publications, videotapes, and services designed to provide resources for Head Start grantees and delegates to use in the planning, management, and operations of their programs.
Download or read book The Violence of Democracy written by Ainhoa Montoya and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-12 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers novel insights about the ability of a democracy to accommodate violence. In El Salvador, the end of war has brought about a violent peace, one in which various forms of violence have become incorporated into Salvadorans’ imaginaries and enactments of democracy. Based on ethnographic research, The Violence of Democracy argues that war legacies and the country’s neoliberalization have enabled an intricate entanglement of violence and political life in postwar El Salvador. This volume explores various manifestations of this entanglement: the clandestine connections between violent entrepreneurs and political actors; the blurring of the licit and illicit through the consolidation of economies of violence; and the reenactment of latent wartime conflicts and political cleavages during postwar electoral seasons. The author also discusses the potential for grassroots memory work and a political party shift to foster hopeful visions of the future and, ultimately, to transform the country’s violent democracy.
Download or read book ILO Activities in the Americas 2003 2006 written by International Labour Office. Director-General and published by International Labour Organization. This book was released on 2006 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summarizes the principal outcome of ILO work in the region. Includes listings of technical cooperation projects and of books, reports, CD-ROMs, videos, and CINTERFOR publications issued.
Download or read book Impact Evaluation in Practice La Evaluaci n de Impacto en la Pr ctica written by Paul J. Gertler and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011-06-13 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an accessible introduction to the topic of impact evaluation and its practice in development. While the book is geared principally towards development practitioners and policymakers designing prospective impact evaluations, we trust that it will be a valuable resource for students and others interested in using impact evaluation. Prospective impact evaluations should be used selectively to assess whether or not a program has achieved its intended results, or to test alternatives for achieving those results. We consider that more and better impact evaluation will help strengthen the evidence base for development policies and programs around the world. If governments and development practitioners can make policy decisions based on evidence - including evidence generated through impact evaluation - our hope is that development resources will be spent more effectively, and ultimately have a greater impact on reducing poverty and improving people's lives. The three chapters in this handbook provide a non-technical introduction to impact evaluations, including “Why Evaluate” in Chapter 1, “How to Evaluate” in Chapter 2 and “How to Implement Impact Evaluations” in Chapter 3. These elements are the basic ‘tools' needed in order to successfully carry out an impact evaluation. From a methodological standpoint our approach to impact evaluation is largely pragmatic: we think that the most appropriate methods should be identified to fit the operational context, and not the other way around. This is best achieved at the outset of the program, through the design of prospective impact evaluation that can be built into the project's implementation. We argue that gaining consensus between key stakeholders and identifying an evaluation design that fits the political and operational context is as important as the method itself. We also believe strongly that impact evaluations should be upfront about their limitations and caveats. Finally, we strongly encourage policymakers and program managers to consider impact evaluations in a logical framework that clearly sets out the causal pathways by which the program works to produce outputs and influence final outcomes, and to combine impact evaluations with monitoring and selected complementary evaluation approach to gain a full picture of performance. This book builds on a core set of teaching materials developed for the “Turning Promises to Evidence” workshops organized by the office of the Chief Economist for Human Development (HDNCE) in partnership with regional units and the Development Economics Research Group (DECRG) at the World Bank.
Download or read book Evaluaciones nacionales del rendimiento acad mico Volumen 1 written by Vincent Greaney and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-02-02 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La evaluación efectiva del desempeño de los sistemas educativos es un componente clave en la formulación de políticas para optimizar el desarrollo del capital humano en todo el mundo. Los cinco libros de la serie Evaluaciones nacionales del rendimiento académico presentan conceptos clave de las evaluaciones nacionales de los niveles de rendimiento estudiantil, desde las cuestiones normativas que deben abordarse cuando se diseña y se lleva a cabo las evaluaciones, hasta el desarrollo de las pruebas, el muestreo, la depuración de datos, las estadísticas, la redacción de informes y el uso de los resultados para mejorar la calidad de la educación. Este primer volumen describe los fines y las características de las evaluaciones nacionales, así como las cuestiones relacionadas con su diseño, su puesta en práctica, su análisis y su comunicación. Describe también las principales evaluaciones internacionales, regionales y nacionales llevadas a cabo en una serie de países. El libro va dirigido principalmente a gobiernos nacionales, regionales y estatales, instituciones de investigación y universidades.
Download or read book Maras written by Thomas C. Bruneau and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2011-12-01 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sensational headlines have publicized the drug trafficking, brutal violence, and other organized crime elements associated with Central America's mara gangs, but there have been few clear-eyed analyses of the history, hierarchies, and future of the mara phenomenon. The first book to look specifically at the Central American gang problem by drawing on the perspectives of researchers from different disciplinary backgrounds, Maras: Gang Violence and Security in Central America provides much-needed insight. These essays trace the development of the gangs, from Mara Salvatrucha to the 18th Street Gang, in Los Angeles and their spread to El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, and Nicaragua as the result of members' deportation to Central America; there, they account for high homicide rates and threaten the democratic stability of the region. With expertise in areas ranging from political science to law enforcement and human rights, the contributors also explore the spread of mara violence in the United States. Their findings comprise a complete documentation that spans sexualized violence, case studies of individual gangs, economic factors, varied responses to gang violence, the use of intelligence gathering, the limits of state power, and the role of policy makers. Raising crucial questions for a wide readership, these essays are sure to spark productive international dialogues.
Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys Spain 2008 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2008-12-04 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2008 edition of OECD's periodic survey of Spain's economy examines challenges being faced including that of improving the education system, improving the matching of workers to jobs, and fostering competition in product markets to boost ...
Download or read book HIV AIDS in the Post HAART Era written by John C. Hall and published by PMPH-USA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 1052 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The science of the virus and its effects and the clinical approaches to its treatment and transmission prevention are placed in the context of the history and epidemiology of the HIV-AIDS pandemic. Each organ system of the body is explored as to manifestations of the disease, treatment now and in the future, as well as what the disease has taught us about the immune response. The science of epidemiology, which is so important in allowing for tracking of the disease and potential limitation of transmission, is another aspect of AIDS explored in detail. The pandemic manifests differently in different parts of the world, and the relevance of the volume is enhanced by its international group of contributors. No other text provides the historical and epidemiological context of this disease along with an update of diagnosis and treatment. The underlying science and epidemiology of AIDS are not neglected, so the student or clinician who is treating patients with AIDS can gain a full understanding of HIV/AIDS in individual patients and in their communities.
Download or read book Salud p blica de M xico written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Resilience of the Latin American Right written by Juan Pablo Luna and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2014-09-01 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comparative study of Latin American conservative politics over the past twenty years analyzes right-of-center actors, electoral movements, parties, and economic policy dynamics. Since the late 1990s, when Latin American countries began making a “turn to the left,” political parties and candidates on the right end of the partisan spectrum have had a difficult time achieving electoral success. Although the left turn can be seen as a natural reaction to the public’s general dissatisfaction with the conservative modernization policies of the 1980s and 1990s, left-of-center politics are by no means permanent. In The Resilience of the Latin American Right, Juan Pablo Luna and Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser seek to “right” this view by explaining the strategies conservative political parties have used to maintain a foothold in the region’s electoral and governance processes. The editors provide an analytical framework for conceptualizing the right that works for both historic and contemporary politics, and the volume’s contributors use the framework to evaluate right-of-center political activity across the continent. They find that conservative forces are pursuing a range of adaptive strategies, including nonelectroral and nonpartisan tactics. The book’s four thematic sections include an analysis of parties and elections in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela. Students and scholars of both Latin American politics and comparative politics will find The Resilience of the Latin American Right of vital interest.
Download or read book La evaluaci n de impacto en la pr ctica Segunda edici n written by Paul J. Gertler and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-01-30 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La segunda edición del libro “Evaluación de impacto en la práctica†? es una introducción completa y accesible al mundo de las evaluaciones de impacto para los formuladores de políticas públicas y los profesionales del desarrollo. Publicado por primera vez en 2011, este libro ha sido utilizado ampliamente por las comunidades académicas y del desarrollo. El libro incorpora ejemplos de la vida real para introducir guías prácticas para el diseño y la implementación de evaluaciones de impacto. Los lectores podrán tener un conocimiento sólido sobre evaluaciones de impacto y las mejores formas de utilizarlas para diseñar políticas y programas basados en evidencia rigurosa. La versión actualizada cubre las técnicas más novedosas de evaluación de programas e incluye consejos prácticos, así como un conjunto ampliado de ejemplos y estudios de casos provenientes de problemáticas de desarrollo recientes. También incluye un nuevo material sobre la ética de la investigación y asociaciones para llevar a cabo evaluaciones de impacto. El libro está dividido en cuatro secciones: en la primera parte se analiza qué evaluar y por qué; en la segunda parte se presentan los principales métodos de evaluación de impacto; la parte tres aborda el tema de cómo administrar las evaluaciones de impacto; en la parte cuatro se revisa la etapa de muestreo de las evaluaciones de impacto y la recolección de datos. Además, los estudios de casos ilustran diferentes aplicaciones de las evaluaciones de impacto. El libro contiene enlaces a material instruccional complementario disponible en línea, incluyendo un caso aplicado, así como preguntas y respuestas. La segunda edición actualizada será un recurso valioso para la comunidad internacional del desarrollo, universidades, y aquellos formuladores de políticas públicas que buscan contar con una mejor evidencia en torno a lo que funciona en el mundo del desarrollo.
Download or read book The Bachelet Government written by Silvia Borzutzky and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The central questions in this text are why labor issues have become very prominent under the Bachelet administration, and what has the administration done to solve them. -- From publisher description.
Download or read book Carbon Footprint and Urban Planning written by Sergio Zubelzu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-06 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes the relationship between urban development, greenhouse gases and the carbon footprint, and presents the main preventive measures that can be implemented at the design stage. Readers are provided with the knowledge needed to devise a strategy for calculating the carbon footprint of urban planning instruments, as well as a framework for integrating sustainability into the planning phase. Highlighting the importance of preventive and corrective measures, the book includes practical suggestions on how to meet sustainability requirements in urban planning designs, exploring undeveloped land reserves, urban-project design and infrastructure design, and offers a springboard for further research.
