Download or read book Emerging Technologies and Systems for Biologically Plausible Implementations of Neural Functions written by Erika Covi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-04-26 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Towards Efficient Implementation of Neuromorphic Systems with Emerging Device Technologies written by Farnood Merrikh Bayat and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays with unbounded expansion of digital world, powerful information processing systems governed by deep learning algorithms are becoming more and more popular. In this situation, usage of fast, powerful, intelligent and trainable deep learning methods seems critical and unavoidable. However, despite of their inherent structural and conceptual differences, all of these intelligent methods and systems share one common property i.e. having enormous number of trainable parameters. However, from a hardware point of view, the size of a practical computing system is always determined based on available resources. In this dissertation, we study these deep learning methods from a hardware point of view and investigate the possibility of their hardware implementation based on two new emerging technologies i.e. resistive switching and floating gate (flash) devices. For this purpose, memristive devices are fabricated with high density in crossbar structure to create a network which then trained with modified RPROB rule to successfully classify images. In addition, biologically plausible spike-timing dependent plasticity rule and its dependence to initial state is demonstrated experimentally on these nano-scale devices. Similar procedure is followed for the other technology, i.e. flash devices. We modified and fabricated the conventional design of digital flash memories which provide us with the ability of individual programming of floating-gate transistors. Having large-scale neural networks in mind, an efficient and high speed tuning method is developed based on acquired dynamic and static models which are then tested experimentally on commercial devices. We have also experimentally investigated the possibility of implementing vector-to-matrix multiplier using these devices which is the main building block of most deep learning methods. Finally, a multi-layer neural network is designed and fabricated using this technology to classify handwritten digits.
Download or read book Neuromorphic Engineering written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2022-07-10 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What Is Neuromorphic Engineering Neuromorphic computing and neuromorphic engineering are both terms that refer to the same thing: the use of very-large-scale integration (VLSI) systems that incorporate electrical analog circuits to simulate neuro-biological structures that are found in the nervous system. Any electronic device that does calculations with the help of artificial neurons that are implemented as physical structures is referred to as a neuromorphic computer or chip. Recently, the word "neuromorphic" has been used to refer to analog, digital, mixed-mode analog/digital VLSI, and software systems that embody models of brain systems. This use of the term has become more common. To actualize the implementation of neuromorphic computing on the hardware level, oxide-based memristors, spintronic memory, threshold switches, and transistors are some of the components that may be used. Training software-based neuromorphic systems of spiking neural networks can be accomplished through the use of error backpropagation, for instance through the utilization of Python-based frameworks like snnTorch, or through the utilization of canonical learning rules from the biological learning literature, for instance through the utilization of BindsNet. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Neuromorphic engineering Chapter 2: Artificial neuron Chapter 3: Bio-inspired computing Chapter 4: Steve Furber Chapter 5: Carver Mead Chapter 6: Recurrent neural network Chapter 7: Neural network Chapter 8: Wetware computer Chapter 9: Computational neurogenetic modeling Chapter 10: Spiking neural network Chapter 11: Neurorobotics Chapter 12: Misha Mahowald Chapter 13: Memristor Chapter 14: Physical neural network Chapter 15: NOMFET Chapter 16: Massimiliano Versace Chapter 17: Kwabena Boahen Chapter 18: SpiNNaker Chapter 19: Cognitive computer Chapter 20: Glossary of artificial intelligence Chapter 21: Hai Li (II) Answering the public top questions about neuromorphic engineering. (III) Real world examples for the usage of neuromorphic engineering in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of neuromorphic engineering' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of neuromorphic engineering.
Download or read book Emerging Cognitive Neuroscience and Related Technologies written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-12-06 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging Cognitive Neuroscience and Related Technologies, from the National Research Council, identifies and explores several specific research areas that have implications for U.S. national security, and should therefore be monitored consistently by the intelligence community. These areas include: neurophysiological advances in detecting and measuring indicators of psychological states and intentions of individuals the development of drugs or technologies that can alter human physical or cognitive abilities advances in real-time brain imaging breakthroughs in high-performance computing and neuronal modeling that could allow researchers to develop systems which mimic functions of the human brain, particularly the ability to organize disparate forms of data. As these fields continue to grow, it will be imperative that the intelligence community be able to identify scientific advances relevant to national security when they occur. To do so will require adequate funding, intelligence analysts with advanced training in science and technology, and increased collaboration with the scientific community, particularly academia. A key tool for the intelligence community, this book will also be a useful resource for the health industry, the military, and others with a vested interest in technologies such as brain imaging and cognitive or physical enhancers.
Download or read book Neural Computation in Embodied Closed Loop Systems for the Generation of Complex Behavior From Biology to Technology written by Poramate Manoonpong and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-10-11 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can neural and morphological computations be effectively combined and realized in embodied closed-loop systems (e.g., robots) such that they can become more like living creatures in their level of performance? Understanding this will lead to new technologies and a variety of applications. To tackle this research question, here, we bring together experts from different fields (including Biology, Computational Neuroscience, Robotics, and Artificial Intelligence) to share their recent findings and ideas and to update our research community. This eBook collects 17 cutting edge research articles, covering neural and morphological computations as well as the transfer of results to real world applications, like prosthesis and orthosis control and neuromorphic hardware implementation.
Download or read book Interconnect Technology for Three dimensional Chip Integration written by Andreas Munding and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2007 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neurotechnology written by James Giordano and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-04-26 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New technologies that allow us to investigate mechanisms and functions of the brain have shown considerable promise in treating brain disease and injury. These emerging technologies also provide a means to assess and manipulate human consciousness, cognitions, emotions, and behaviors, bringing with them the potential to transform society. Neurotechnology: Premises, Potential, and Problems explores the technical, moral, legal, and sociopolitical issues that arise in and from today’s applications of neuroscience and technology and discusses their implications for the future. Some of the issues raised in this thought-provoking volume include: Neurotechnology in education: an enablement, a treatment, or an enhancement? The potential and limitations of neuroimaging technology in determining patient prognoses Tissue implantation technology as a way of engendering personalized medicine Neuroprostheses: restoration of functions of the disabled vs. enhancement to transhuman capabilities Deep brain stimulation and its use in restoring, preserving, or changing patients’ personal identity The benefit and risk of cognitive performance tools Cyborg technology and its potential to change our vision of humanity Methodologies for reducing the risk of neurotechnology’s impact on ethical, legal, and social issues With contributions from an international group of experts working on the cutting edge of neurotechnology, this volume lays the groundwork to appreciate the ethical, legal, and social aspects of the science in ways that keep pace with this rapidly progressing field.
Download or read book Artificial Life VII written by Mark A. Bedau and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2000-08-01 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term "artificial life" describes research into synthetic systems that possess some of the essential properties of life. This interdisciplinary field includes biologists, computer scientists, physicists, chemists, geneticists, and others. Artificial life may be viewed as an attempt to understand high-level behavior from low-level rules—for example, how the simple interactions between ants and their environment lead to complex trail-following behavior. An understanding of such relationships in particular systems can suggest novel solutions to complex real-world problems such as disease prevention, stock-market prediction, and data mining on the Internet. Since their inception in 1987, the Artificial Life meetings have grown from small workshops to truly international conferences, reflecting the field's increasing appeal to researchers in all areas of science.
Download or read book Artificial Intelligence in the Age of Neural Networks and Brain Computing written by Robert Kozma and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2023-10-27 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial Intelligence in the Age of Neural Networks and Brain Computing, Second Edition demonstrates that present disruptive implications and applications of AI is a development of the unique attributes of neural networks, mainly machine learning, distributed architectures, massive parallel processing, black-box inference, intrinsic nonlinearity, and smart autonomous search engines. The book covers the major basic ideas of "brain-like computing" behind AI, provides a framework to deep learning, and launches novel and intriguing paradigms as possible future alternatives. The present success of AI-based commercial products proposed by top industry leaders, such as Google, IBM, Microsoft, Intel, and Amazon, can be interpreted using the perspective presented in this book by viewing the co-existence of a successful synergism among what is referred to as computational intelligence, natural intelligence, brain computing, and neural engineering. The new edition has been updated to include major new advances in the field, including many new chapters. Developed from the 30th anniversary of the International Neural Network Society (INNS) and the 2017 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN Authored by top experts, global field pioneers, and researchers working on cutting-edge applications in signal processing, speech recognition, games, adaptive control and decision-making Edited by high-level academics and researchers in intelligent systems and neural networks Includes all new chapters, including topics such as Frontiers in Recurrent Neural Network Research; Big Science, Team Science, Open Science for Neuroscience; A Model-Based Approach for Bridging Scales of Cortical Activity; A Cognitive Architecture for Object Recognition in Video; How Brain Architecture Leads to Abstract Thought; Deep Learning-Based Speech Separation and Advances in AI, Neural Networks
Download or read book Training Biologically Plausible Neurons for Use in Engineering Tasks written by Phillip Rowcliffe and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Augmentation of Brain Function Facts Fiction and Controversy written by Mikhail Lebedev and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-09-14 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume I, entitled “Augmentation of Brain Functions: Brain-Machine Interfaces”, is a collection of articles on neuroprosthetic technologies that utilize brain-machine interfaces (BMIs). BMIs strive to augment the brain by linking neural activity, recorded invasively or noninvasively, to external devices, such as arm prostheses, exoskeletons that enable bipedal walking, means of communication and technologies that augment attention. In addition to many practical applications, BMIs provide useful research tools for basic science. Several articles cover challenges and controversies in this rapidly developing field, such as ways to improve information transfer rate. BMIs can be applied to the awake state of the brain and to the sleep state, as well. BMIs can augment action planning and decision making. Importantly, BMI operations evoke brain plasticity, which can have long-lasting effects. Advanced neural decoding algorithms that utilize optimal feedback controllers are key to the BMI performance. BMI approach can be combined with the other augmentation methods; such systems are called hybrid BMIs. Overall, it appears that BMI will lead to many powerful and practical brain-augmenting technologies in the future.
Download or read book Naval Research Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Brain Machine Interface Engineering written by Justin C. Sanchez and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neural interfaces are one of the most exciting emerging technologies to impact bioengineering and neuroscience because they enable an alternate communication channel linking directly the nervous system with man-made devices. This book reveals the essential engineering principles and signal processing tools for deriving control commands from bioelectric signals in large ensembles of neurons. The topics featured include analysis techniques for determining neural representation, modeling in motor systems, computing with neural spikes, and hardware implementation of neural interfaces. Beginning with an exploration of the historical developments that have led to the decoding of information from neural interfaces, this book compares the theory and performance of new neural engineering approaches for BMIs. Contents: Introduction to Neural Interfaces / Foundations of Neuronal Representations / Input-Outpur BMI Models / Regularization Techniques for BMI Models / Neural Decoding Using Generative BMI Models / Adaptive Algorithms for Point Processes / BMI Systems
Download or read book Frontiers of Quality Electronic Design QED written by Ali Iranmanesh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-11 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quality Electronic Design (QED)’s landscape spans a vast region where territories of many participating disciplines and technologies overlap. This book explores the latest trends in several key topics related to quality electronic design, with emphasis on Hardware Security, Cybersecurity, Machine Learning, and application of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The book includes topics in nonvolatile memories (NVM), Internet of Things (IoT), FPGA, and Neural Networks.
Download or read book Reservoir Computing written by Kohei Nakajima and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-05 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first comprehensive book about reservoir computing (RC). RC is a powerful and broadly applicable computational framework based on recurrent neural networks. Its advantages lie in small training data set requirements, fast training, inherent memory and high flexibility for various hardware implementations. It originated from computational neuroscience and machine learning but has, in recent years, spread dramatically, and has been introduced into a wide variety of fields, including complex systems science, physics, material science, biological science, quantum machine learning, optical communication systems, and robotics. Reviewing the current state of the art and providing a concise guide to the field, this book introduces readers to its basic concepts, theory, techniques, physical implementations and applications. The book is sub-structured into two major parts: theory and physical implementations. Both parts consist of a compilation of chapters, authored by leading experts in their respective fields. The first part is devoted to theoretical developments of RC, extending the framework from the conventional recurrent neural network context to a more general dynamical systems context. With this broadened perspective, RC is not restricted to the area of machine learning but is being connected to a much wider class of systems. The second part of the book focuses on the utilization of physical dynamical systems as reservoirs, a framework referred to as physical reservoir computing. A variety of physical systems and substrates have already been suggested and used for the implementation of reservoir computing. Among these physical systems which cover a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, are mechanical and optical systems, nanomaterials, spintronics, and quantum many body systems. This book offers a valuable resource for researchers (Ph.D. students and experts alike) and practitioners working in the field of machine learning, artificial intelligence, robotics, neuromorphic computing, complex systems, and physics.
Download or read book Artificial Neural Networks Biological Inspirations ICANN 2005 written by Wlodzislaw Duch and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-05-22 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the first part of the two-volume proceedings of the International C- ference on Artificial Neural Networks (ICANN 2005), held on September 11–15, 2005 in Warsaw, Poland, with several accompanying workshops held on September 15, 2005 at the Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toru , Poland. The ICANN conference is an annual meeting organized by the European Neural Network Society in cooperation with the International Neural Network Society, the Japanese Neural Network Society, and the IEEE Computational Intelligence Society. It is the premier European event covering all topics concerned with neural networks and related areas. The ICANN series of conferences was initiated in 1991 and soon became the major European gathering for experts in those fields. In 2005 the ICANN conference was organized by the Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland, and the Nicolaus Copernicus Univ- sity, Toru , Poland. From over 600 papers submitted to the regular sessions and some 10 special c- ference sessions, the International Program Committee selected – after a thorough peer-review process – about 270 papers for publication. The large number of papers accepted is certainly a proof of the vitality and attractiveness of the field of artificial neural networks, but it also shows a strong interest in the ICANN conferences.
Download or read book Emerging technologies and dual use concerns written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2021-10-22 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication presents the findings of an international horizon scan on dual-use research of concern (DURC) in the life sciences. The scan was based on structured elicitation of information from a group of international and multidisciplinary experts convened by the Science Division of the World Health Organization (WHO).
