Download or read book Emerging Community Health Insurance Schemes mutual Health Organizations in Ghana written by Moses Aikins and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mutual Health Organizations as Facilitators And or Barriers Towards the Successful Implementation of NHIS in Ghana written by Augustine Adomah-Afari and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many constraints to implementing comprehensive health insurance in the context of Sub-Saharan Africa. Mutual health organizations are under pressure to resolve the inadequacies, accordingly. The objective of this study is to explore the extent to which the mutual health organizations constitute facilitators and/or barriers to the successful implementation of the health insurance scheme nationwide. Data were gathered through interviews and review of literature. The findings of the empirical data were analyzed using theories of health seeking behaviour and reflexive communities. The findings of the paper suggest that the mutual health organizations are beneficial to their communities as they have broadened the understanding of the community members, regarding what the concept of health insurance was in Ghana, a country where it was a relatively new concept in public health financing and delivery. However, the paper also observes that the mutual health organizations are facing problems that are likely to affect sustainability overtime under a national health insurance scheme. Therefore, the need for continuous public education to sustain the enthusiasm among community members is recommended.
Download or read book Social Health Insurance for Developing Nations written by R. Paul Shaw and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Specialist groups have often advised health ministers and other decision makers in developing countries on the use of social health insurance (SHI) as a way of mobilizing revenue for health, reforming health sector performance, and providing universal coverage. This book reviews the specific design and implementation challenges facing SHI in low- and middle-income countries and presents case studies on Ghana, Kenya, Philippines, Colombia, and Thailand.
Download or read book Guidelines for Design and Implementation of Mutual Health Insurance Schemes in Ghana written by Ghana. Health Service and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Health Financing in Ghana written by George Schieber and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-08-30 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume analyzes Ghana s National Health Insurance Scheme and highlights the range of policy options needed to assure its financially sustainable transition to universal coverage.
Download or read book Ghana National Health Insurance Scheme written by Huihui Wang and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-08-14 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ghana National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) was established in 2003 as a major vehicle to achieve the country’s commitment of Universal Health Coverage. The government has earmarked value-added tax to finance NHIS in addition to deduction from Social Security Trust (SSNIT) and premium payment. However, the scheme has been running under deficit since 2009 due to expansion of coverage, increase in service use, and surge in expenditure. Consequently, Ghana National Health Insurance Authority (NHIA) had to reduce investment fund, borrow loans and delay claims reimbursement to providers in order to fill the gap. This study aimed to provide policy recommendations on how to improve efficiency and financial sustainability of NHIS based on health sector expenditure and NHIS claims expenditure review. The analysis started with an overall health sector expenditure review, zoomed into NHIS claims expenditure in Volta region as a miniature for the scheme, and followed by identifictation of factors affecting level and efficiency of expenditure. This study is the first attempt to undertake systematic in-depth analysis of NHIS claims expenditure. Based on the study findings, it is recommended that NHIS establish a stronger expenditure control system in place for long-term sustainability. The majority of NHIS claims expenditure is for outpatient consultations, district hospitals and above, certain member groups (e.g., informal group, members with more than five visits in a year). These distribution patterns are closely related to NHIS design features that encourages expenditure surge. For example, year-round open registration boosted adverse selection during enrollment, essentially fee-for-service provider mechanisms incentivized oversupply but not better quality and cost-effectiveness, and zero patient cost-sharing by patients reduced prudence in seeking care and caused overuse. Moreover, NHIA is not equipped to control expenditure or monitor effect of cost-containment policies. The claims processing system is mostly manual and does not collect information on service delivery and results. No mechanisms exist to monitor and correct providers’ abonormal behaviors, as well as engage NHIS members for and engaging members for information verification, case management and prevention.
Download or read book Impact of Health Insurance in Low and Middle income Countries written by Maria-Luisa Escobar and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past twenty years, many low- and middle-income countries have experimented with health insurance options. While their plans have varied widely in scale and ambition, their goals are the same: to make health services more affordable through the use of public subsidies while also moving care providers partially or fully into competitive markets. Until now, however, we have known little about the actual effects of these dramatic policy changes. Understanding the impact of health insurance-based care is key to the public policy debate of whether to extend insurance to low-income populationsand if so, how to do itor to serve them through other means.
Download or read book Voluntary Health Insurance in the European Union written by Elias Mossialos and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Download or read book Fighting Poverty with Microcredit written by Shahidur R. Khandker and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1998 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With increasing assistance from the World Bank and other donors, microfinance is emerging as an instrument for reducing poverty and improving the poor's access to financial services in low-income countries. Providing the poor with access to financial services is one of many ways to help increase their incomes and productivity. In many countries, however, traditional financial institutions have failed to provide this service. Microcredit and cooperative programs fill this gap. They provide credit through social mechanisms such as group-based lending to reach the poor and other clients, including women, who lack access to formal financial institutions. Their purpose is to help the poor become self-employed and thus escape poverty. This book examines the experiences of the Grameen Bank, the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee, and the Bangladesh Rural Development Board's Rural Development Project-12 in order to quantify the potential and limitations of microcredit programs as an instrument for reducing poverty and delivering financial services to the poor. A copublication of the World Bank and Oxford University Press.
Download or read book Health Insurance Handbook written by Hong Wang and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-01-18 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many countries that subscribe to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) have committed to ensuring access to basic health services for their citizens. Health insurance has been considered and promoted as the major financing mechanism to improve access to health services, as well to provide financial risk protection.
Download or read book Investing to Overcome the Global Impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2015-08-05 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The presence, or absence, of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) can be seen as a proxy for poverty and for the success of interventions aimed at reducing poverty. Today, coverage of the public-health interventions recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) against NTDs may be interpreted as a proxy for universal health coverage and shared prosperity - in short, a proxy for coverage against neglect. As the world's focus shifts from development to sustainable development, from poverty eradication to shared prosperity, and from disease-specific goals to universal health coverage, control of NTDs will assume an important role towards the target of achieving universal health coverage, including individual financial risk protection. Success in overcoming NTDs is a "litmus test" for universal health coverage against NTDs in endemic countries. The first WHO report on NTDs (2010) set the scene by presenting the evidence for how these interventions had produced results. The second report (2013) assessed the progress made in deploying them and detailed the obstacles to their implementation. This third report analyses for the first time the investments needed to achieve the scale up of implementation required to achieve the targets of the WHO Roadmap on NTDs and universal coverage against NTDs. INVESTING TO OVERCOME THE GLOBAL IMPACT OF NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES presents an investment strategy for NTDs and analyses the specific investment case for prevention, control, elimination and eradication of 12 of the 17 NTDs. Such an analysis is justified following the adoption by the Sixty-sixth World Health Assembly in 2013 of resolution WHA6612 on neglected tropical diseases, which called for sufficient and predictable funding to achieve the Roadmap's targets and sustain control efforts. The report cautions, however, that it is wise investment and not investment alone that will yield success. The report registers progress and challenges and signals those that lie ahead. Climate change is expected to increase the spread of several vector-borne NTDs, notably dengue, transmission of which is directly influenced by temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and climate variability primarily through their effects on the vector. Investments in vector-borne diseases will avoid the potentially catastrophic expenditures associated with their control. The presence of NTDs will thereby signal an early warning system for climate-sensitive diseases. The ultimate goal is to deliver enhanced and equitable interventions to the most marginalized populations in the context of a changing public-health and investment landscape to ensure that all peoples affected by NTDs have an opportunity to lead healthier and wealthier lives."--Publisher's description.
Download or read book Social Reinsurance written by David M. Dror and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation This volume views community-based microinsurance as an incremental first step to improved financial protection and better access to health services for the poor. While community-based financing can be structured in various ways, this volume focuses on reinsurance as a mechanism for improving micro-level health insurance units. It outlines strategies and policies that can be applied by countries and donors to improve access to health care services.
Download or read book Handbook of Micro Health Insurance in Africa written by Hans Jürgen Rösner and published by LIT Verlag Münster. This book was released on 2012 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Micro health insurance is an emerging concept to reduce poverty and social exclusion and improve health care access. The Handbook of Micro Health Insurance in Africa gives an overview of the challenges and needs in the field of micro health insurance. Focusing on Sub-Saharan Africa, where universal social health protection still has a way to go, the Handbook provides an introduction to the relatively new and promising approach of micro insurance as a risk management tool for low-income households, between the market, self-help, and the state. This book is an output of the project Pro MHI Africa, which is funded by the European Union and directed by the University of Cologne in cooperation with the University of Botswana, the University of Ghana, and the University of Malawi. (Series: Social Protection in Health. Challenges, Needs and Solutions in International Health Care Financing - Vol. 1)
Download or read book The Contribution of Mutual Health Organizations to Financing Delivery and Access to Health Care written by Chris Atim and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the actual and potential contribution of mutual health organizations in West and Central African countries to resource mobilization, efficiency, equity, quality improvement, health care access, sustainability, and democratic governance in the health sector.
Download or read book Intermediate Public Economics second edition written by Jean Hindriks and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2013-04-05 with total page 1013 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new edition of a comprehensive text, updated throughout, with new material on behavioral economics, international taxation, cost-benefit analysis, and the economics of climate policy. Public economics studies how government taxing and spending activities affect the economy—economic efficiency and the distribution of income and wealth. This comprehensive text on public economics covers the core topics of market failure and taxation as well as recent developments in both policy and the academic literature. It is unique not only in its broad scope but in its balance between public finance and public choice and its combination of theory and relevant empirical evidence. The book covers the theory and methodology of public economics; presents a historical and theoretical overview of the public sector; and discusses such topics as departures from efficiency (including imperfect competition and asymmetric information), issues in political economy, equity, taxation, fiscal federalism, and tax competition among independent jurisdictions. Suggestions for further reading, from classic papers to recent research, appear in each chapter, as do exercises. The mathematics has been kept to a minimum without sacrificing intellectual rigor; the book remains analytical rather than discursive. This second edition has been thoroughly updated throughout. It offers new chapters on behavioral economics, limits to redistribution, international taxation, cost-benefit analysis, and the economics of climate policy. Additional exercises have been added and many sections revised in response to advice from readers of the first edition.
Download or read book Health Financing for Poor People written by Alexander S. Preker and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most urgent development challenges facing many low and middle income countries is the need for adequate financing systems to pay for health care provision to the estimated 1.3 billion impoverished people living in rural areas or working in the informal sector in urban areas. This publication considers ways of improving the financing of health care at low income levels, as part of a global strategy for increased investment in health and poverty reduction. Topics discussed include: global and regional trends in healthcare financing; strengths and weaknesses of community-based health financing, and experiences in Asia and Africa; country case studies using household survey analysis from Senegal, Rwanda, India and Thailand; deficit financing; and the impact of risk sharing on achieving health system goals.
