Download or read book Auger Electron Spectroscopy Reference Manual written by G. McGuire and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) is based on the Auger total secondary electron energy distribution, and an ion gun to process, which involves the core-level ionization of an atom with provide depth profiling capability. subsequent deexcitation occurring by an outer-level electron de The high surface sensitivity of Auger spectroscopy which dictates caying to fill the core hole. The excess energy is transferred to the need for an ultrahigh-vacuum system is due to the limited and causes the ejection of another electron, which is by definition mean free path of electrons in the 0-3000 e V kinetic energy an Auger electron. The Auger electron transition, denoted by range. The Auger peaks decay exponentially with overlayer cov the electron levels involved, is independent of the excitation erage, which is consistent with an exponential dependence of source and leaves the atom with a constant kinetic energy. The escape probability on the depth of the parent atom. A compila kinetic energy is given by the differences in binding energies for tion of data from a variety of sources has been used to generate the three levels (for example, EK-E L, - EL ) minus a correction 2 an escape depth curve which falls in the range of 5-30 A in the term for the work function and electron wave function relaxation. energy range from 0 to 3000 eV. The observed escape depth does When the Auger transition occurs within a few angstroms of the not show a strong dependence on the matrix.
Download or read book Electron Spectroscopy for Surface Analysis written by H. Ibach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of surface physics and surface chemistry as a science is closely related to the technical development of a number of methods involving electrons either as an excitation source or as an emitted particle carrying characteristic information. Many of these various kinds of electron spectroscopies have become commercially available and have made their way into industrial laboratories. Others are still in an early stage, but may become of increasing importance in the future. In this book an assessment of the various merits and possible drawbacks of the most frequently used electron spectroscopies is attempted. Emphasis is put on prac tical examples and experimental design rather than on theoretical considerations. The book addresses itself to the reader who wishes to know which electron spectroscopy or which combination of different electron spectroscopies he may choose for the particular problems under investigation. After a brief introduction the practical design of electron spectrometers and their figures of merit important for the different applications are discussed in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 deals with electron excited electron spectroscopies which are used for the elemental analysis of surfaces. Structure analysis by electron diffrac tion is described in Chapter 4 with special emphasis on the use of electron diffrac tion for the investigation of surface imperfections. For the application of electron diffraction to surface crystallography in general, the reader is referred to Volume 4 of "Topics in Applied Physics".
Download or read book Photoelectron and Auger Spectroscopy written by Thomas Carlson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1970 when I first seriously contemplated writing a book on electron spectroscopy, I recognized the impossibility of completely reaching my desired goals. First, the field was expanding (and still is) at such a rate that a definitive statement of the subject is not possible. The act of following the literature comprehensively and summarizing its essential content proved to be a diver gent series. On the other hand, the field has increased to such a size that violent changes in its basic makeup no longer occur with the frequency that was present in its early days. Furthermore, the excitement of electron spectro scopy lies in its many-faceted interrelationships. In the era of specialization, electron spectroscopy is an open-ended subject continually bringing together new aspects of science. I wished to discuss not just one type of electron spectro scopy, but as many as would be possible. The book as it stands concentrates its attention on x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, but also presents the basis of Auger electron spectroscopy and uv photoelectron spectroscopy, as well as mentioning many of the other branches of the field. A large, many-author volume might be an answer to some of these problems. However, though anyone person possesses only a limited amount of expertise, I have always enjoyed books by a single author since what they lack in detailed knowledge they gain in a unified viewpoint. I hope the final product, though limited in its attainment of these goals, will still be of some merit.
Download or read book Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy in the Electron Microscope written by R.F. Egerton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: to the Second Edition Since the first (1986) edition of this book, the numbers of installations, researchers, and research publications devoted to electron energy-loss spec troscopy (EELS) in the electron microscope have continued to expand. There has been a trend towards intermediate accelerating voltages and field-emission sources, both favorable to energy-loss spectroscopy, and sev eral types of energy-filtering microscope are now available commercially. Data-acquisition hardware and software, based on personal computers, have become more convenient and user-friendly. Among university re searchers, much thought has been given to the interpretation and utilization of near-edge fine structure. Most importantly, there have been many practi cal applications of EELS. This may reflect an increased awareness of the potentialities of the technique, but in many cases it is the result of skill and persistence on the part of the experimenters, often graduate students. To take account of these developments, the book has been extensively revised (over a period of two years) and more than a third of it rewritten. I have made various minor changes to the figures and added about 80 new ones. Except for a few small changes, the notation is the same as in the first edition, with all equations in SI units.
Download or read book Symmetry and Spectroscopy written by Daniel C. Harris and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Informal, effective undergraduate-level text introduces vibrational and electronic spectroscopy, presenting applications of group theory to the interpretation of UV, visible, and infrared spectra without assuming a high level of background knowledge. 200 problems with solutions. Numerous illustrations. "A uniform and consistent treatment of the subject matter." — Journal of Chemical Education.
Download or read book Electron Spectroscopy written by C. R. Brundle and published by Mittal Publications. This book was released on 2002 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Photoelectron Spectroscopy written by Stefan Hüfner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photoelectron Spectroscopy presents an up-to-date introduction to the field by comprehensively treating the electronic structures of atoms, molecules, solids, and surfaces. Brief descriptions are given of inverse photoemission, spin-polarized photoemission and photoelectron diffraction. Experimental aspects are considered throughout the book and the results are carefully interpreted in terms of the theory. A wealth of measured data is presented in tabulator form for easy use by experimentalists.
Download or read book Auger and X Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy in Materials Science written by Siegfried Hofmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-25 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To anyone who is interested in surface chemical analysis of materials on the nanometer scale, this book is prepared to give appropriate information. Based on typical application examples in materials science, a concise approach to all aspects of quantitative analysis of surfaces and thin films with AES and XPS is provided. Starting from basic principles which are step by step developed into practically useful equations, extensive guidance is given to graduate students as well as to experienced researchers. Key chapters are those on quantitative surface analysis and on quantitative depth profiling, including recent developments in topics such as surface excitation parameter and backscattering correction factor. Basic relations are derived for emission and excitation angle dependencies in the analysis of bulk material and of fractional nano-layer structures, and for both smooth and rough surfaces. It is shown how to optimize the analytical strategy, signal-to-noise ratio, certainty and detection limit. Worked examples for quantification of alloys and of layer structures in practical cases (e.g. contamination, evaporation, segregation and oxidation) are used to critically review different approaches to quantification with respect to average matrix correction factors and matrix relative sensitivity factors. State-of-the-art issues in quantitative, destructive and non-destructive depth profiling are discussed with emphasis on sputter depth profiling and on angle resolved XPS and AES. Taking into account preferential sputtering and electron backscattering corrections, an introduction to the mixing-roughness-information depth (MRI) model and its extensions is presented.
Download or read book Photoelectron Spectroscopy written by Stefan Hüfner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An up-to-date introduction to the field, treating in depth the electronic structures of atoms, molecules, solids and surfaces, together with brief descriptions of inverse photoemission, spin-polarized photoemission and photoelectron diffraction. Experimental aspects are considered throughout and the results carefully interpreted by theory. A wealth of measured data is presented in tabullar for easy use by experimentalists.
Download or read book Photoelectron Spectroscopy written by A. D. Baker and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photoelectron Spectroscopy provides an introduction to the principles of photoelectron spectroscopy, including its applications in structural and analytical chemistry. It deals with both X-ray and UV-photoelectron spectroscopy. This book begins with the basic principles of electron spectroscopy and describes the UV photoelectron spectrometers and X-ray photoelectron spectrometers. It then lists several factors influencing the appearance of the photoelectron spectra. This book concludes by describing other forms of electron spectroscopy and photoelectron techniques. Students and chemists who are looking for a readable introduction to photoelectron spectroscopy will find this book useful.
Download or read book Field Thermionic and Secondary Electron Emission Spectroscopy written by A. Modinos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Electron Spectroscopy of Crystals written by V. Nemoshkalenko and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is conceived as a monograph, and represents an up-to-date collection of information concerning the use of the method of X-ray photoelectron spec troscopy in the study of the electron structure of crystals, as well as a personal interpretation of the subject by the authors. In a natural way, the book starts in Chapter 1 with a recapitulation of the fundamentals of the method, basic relations, principles of operation, and a com parative presentation of the characteristics and performances of the most com monly used ESCA instruments (from the classical ones-Varian, McPherson, Hewlett Packard, and IEEE-up to the latest model developed by Professor Siegbahn in Uppsala), and continues with a discussion of some of the difficult problems the experimentalist must face such as calibration of spectra, prepara tion of samples, and evaluation of the escape depth of electrons. The second chapter is devoted to the theory of photoemission from crystal line solids. A discussion of the methods of Hartree-Fock and Hartree-Fock Slater for the calculation of bonding energy levels in multielectronic systems is presented, and the necessity of including in the theory both relativistic and relaxation effects is argued.
Download or read book Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy written by Patrick Bertrand and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-03 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although originally invented and employed by physicists, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy has proven to be a very efficient technique for studying a wide range of phenomena in many fields, such as chemistry, biochemistry, geology, archaeology, medicine, biotechnology, and environmental sciences. Acknowledging that not all studies require the same level of understanding of this technique, this book thus provides a practical treatise clearly oriented toward applications, which should be useful to students and researchers of various levels and disciplines. In this book, the principles of continuous wave EPR spectroscopy are progressively, but rigorously, introduced, with emphasis on interpretation of the collected spectra. Each chapter is followed by a section highlighting important points for applications, together with exercises solved at the end of the book. A glossary defines the main terms used in the book, and particular topics, whose knowledge is not required for understanding the main text, are developed in appendices for more inquisitive readers.
Download or read book Auger Electron Spectroscopy Study of Surface Segregation in Copper aluminum Alloys written by John Ferrante and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface segregation of aluminum has been observed in copper-aluminum alloys by use of LEED and Auger electron spectroscopy studies. The alloys were solid solutions of aluminum in copper having compositions of 1, 5, and 10 atomic percent aluminum. All samples were single crystals oriented in the (111) direction. Surface concentrations five times that in the bulk were observed. LEED and characteristic loss data gave confirming evidence of surface composition changes. Surface concentration increased with temperature on heating to 700 [degree] C.
Download or read book Secondary Electron Energy Spectroscopy in the Scanning Electron Microscope written by Anjam Khursheed and published by . This book was released on 2020-10-16 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the subject of secondary energy spectroscopy in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SEM is a widely used research instrument for scientific and engineering research and its low energy scattered electrons, known as secondary electrons, are used mainly for the purpose of nanoscale topographic imaging. This book demonstrates the advantages of carrying out precision electron energy spectroscopy of its secondary electrons, in addition to them being used for imaging. The book will demonstrate how secondary electron energy spectroscopy can transform the SEM into a powerful analytical tool that can map valuable material science information to the nanoscale, superimposing it onto the instrument's normal topographic mode imaging. The book demonstrates how the SEM can then be used to quantify/identify materials, acquire bulk density of states information, capture dopant density distributions in semiconductor specimens, and map surface charge distributions.
Download or read book Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy and Surface Vibrations written by H. Ibach and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy and Surface Vibrations is devoted to electron energy loss spectroscopy as a probe of the crystal surface. Electrons with energy in the range of a few electron volts sample only a few atomic layers. As they approach or exit from the crystal, they interact with the vibrational modes of the crystal surface, or possibly with other elementary excitations localized there. The energy spectrum of electrons back-reflected from the surface is thus a rich source of information on its dynamics. The book opens with a detailed analysis of the physics that controls the operation of the monochromator, which is the core of the experimental apparatus. Separate chapters follow on the interaction of electrons with vibrational modes of the surface region and with other elementary excitations in the vicinity; the lattice dynamics of clean and adsorbate-covered surfaces, with emphasis on those features of particular relevance to surface vibrational spectroscopy; and selected applications vibration spectroscopy in surface physics and chemistry.
Download or read book Very High Resolution Photoelectron Spectroscopy written by Stephan Hüfner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-02-09 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photoemission spectroscopy is one of the most extensively used methods to study the electronic structure of atoms, molecules, and solids and their surfaces. This volume introduces and surveys the field at highest energy and momentum resolutions allowing for a new range of applications, in particular for studies of high temperature superconductors.
