Download or read book Electron Microprobe Analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy in Geology written by S. J. B. Reed and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-08-25 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 2005, this book covers the closely related techniques of electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) specifically from a geological viewpoint. Topics discussed include: principles of electron-target interactions, electron beam instrumentation, X-ray spectrometry, general principles of SEM image formation, production of X-ray 'maps' showing elemental distributions, procedures for qualitative and quantitative X-ray analysis (both energy-dispersive and wavelength-dispersive), the use of both 'true' electron microprobes and SEMs fitted with X-ray spectrometers, and practical matters such as sample preparation and treatment of results. Throughout, there is an emphasis on geological aspects not mentioned in similar books aimed at a more general readership. The book avoids unnecessary technical detail in order to be easily accessible, and forms a comprehensive text on EMPA and SEM for geological postgraduate and postdoctoral researchers, as well as those working in industrial laboratories.

Download or read book Practical Scanning Electron Microscopy written by Joseph Goldstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the spring of 1963, a well-known research institute made a market survey to assess how many scanning electron microscopes might be sold in the United States. They predicted that three to five might be sold in the first year a commercial SEM was available, and that ten instruments would saturate the marketplace. In 1964, the Cambridge Instruments Stereoscan was introduced into the United States and, in the following decade, over 1200 scanning electron microscopes were sold in the U. S. alone, representing an investment conservatively estimated at $50,000- $100,000 each. Why were the market surveyers wrongil Perhaps because they asked the wrong persons, such as electron microscopists who were using the highly developed transmission electron microscopes of the day, with resolutions from 5-10 A. These scientists could see little application for a microscope that was useful for looking at surfaces with a resolution of only (then) about 200 A. Since that time, many scientists have learned to appreciate that information content in an image may be of more importance than resolution per se. The SEM, with its large depth of field and easily that often require little or no sample prepara interpreted images of samples tion for viewing, is capable of providing significant information about rough samples at magnifications ranging from 50 X to 100,000 X. This range overlaps considerably with the light microscope at the low end, and with the electron microscope at the high end.

Download or read book Electron Probe Microanalysis written by A. J. Tousimis and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Electron Microprobe written by Electrochemical Society. Electrothermics and Metallurgy Division and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 1052 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Electron Probe Microanalysis written by A. J. Tousimis and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-11-06 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electron Probe Microanalysis presents a collection of reviews on various aspects of electron probe microanalysis. This book discusses the model for quantitative electron probe analysis. Organized into 14 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the various kinds of microanalysis followed by a discussion of the advantages that can be derived from using the electron probe method. This text then examines the various applications of backscattered electron and specimen current methods for quantitative analysis. Other chapters consider the fundamental concepts for quantitative electron probe microanalysis utilizing pure elements as standards. This book discusses as well the absolute method of quantitative chemical analysis by emission X-ray spectroscopy. The final chapter deals with the main advantage of the Kossel technique in the study of the thermodynamic and mechanical characteristics of crystals. This book is a valuable resource for scientists and research workers. Non-specialists who need information on this excellent analytical tool will also find this book useful.

Download or read book Electron Probe Microanalysis written by Karl Zierold and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-08 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of electron probe microanalysis of biological systems is to identify, localize, and quantify elements, mass, and water in cells and tissues. The method is based on the idea that all electrons and photons emerging from an electron beam irradiated specimen contain information on its structure and composition. In particular, energy spectroscopy of X-rays and electrons after interaction of the electron beam with the specimen is used for this purpose. However, the application of this method in biology and medicine has to overcome three specific problems: 1. The principle constituent of most cell samples is water. Since liquid water is not compatible with vacuum conditions in the electron microscope, specimens have to be prepared without disturbing the other components, in parti cular diffusible ions (elements). 2. Electron probe microanaly sis provides physical data on either dry specimens or fully hydrated, frozen specimens. This data usually has to be con verted into quantitative data meaningful to the cell biologist or physiologist. 3. Cells and tissues are not static but dynamic systems. Thus, for example, microanalysis of physiolo gical processes requires sampling techniques which are adapted to address specific biological or medical questions. During recent years, remarkable progress has been made to overcome these problems. Cryopreparation, image analysis, and electron energy loss spectroscopy are key areas which have solved some problems and offer promise for future improvements.

Download or read book Electron Probe Quantitation written by K.F.J. Heinrich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1991-06-30 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1968, the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) published Special Publication 298 "Quantitative Electron Probe Microanalysis," which contained proceedings of a seminar held on the subject at NBS in the summer of 1967. This publication received wide interest that continued through the years far beyond expectations. The present volume, also the result of a gathering of international experts, in 1988, at NBS (now the National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST), is intended to fulfill the same purpose. After years of substantial agreement on the procedures of analysis and data evaluation, several sharply differentiated approaches have developed. These are described in this publi cation with all the details required for practical application. Neither the editors nor NIST wish to endorse any single approach. Rather, we hope that their exposition will stimulate the dialogue which is a prerequisite for technical progress. Additionally, it is expected that those active in research in electron probe microanalysis will appreciate more clearly the areas in which further investigations are warranted.

Download or read book Compendium of Surface and Interface Analysis written by The Surface Science Society of Japan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-19 with total page 807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book concisely illustrates the techniques of major surface analysis and their applications to a few key examples. Surfaces play crucial roles in various interfacial processes, and their electronic/geometric structures rule the physical/chemical properties. In the last several decades, various techniques for surface analysis have been developed in conjunction with advances in optics, electronics, and quantum beams. This book provides a useful resource for a wide range of scientists and engineers from students to professionals in understanding the main points of each technique, such as principles, capabilities and requirements, at a glance. It is a contemporary encyclopedia for selecting the appropriate method depending on the reader's purpose.

Download or read book Electron Probe Microanalysis written by L. S. Birks and published by Krieger Publishing Company. This book was released on 1979 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Scanning Electron Microscopy and X Ray Microanalysis written by Joseph Goldstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 679 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has evolved by processes of selection and expansion from its predecessor, Practical Scanning Electron Microscopy (PSEM), published by Plenum Press in 1975. The interaction of the authors with students at the Short Course on Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Microanalysis held annually at Lehigh University has helped greatly in developing this textbook. The material has been chosen to provide a student with a general introduction to the techniques of scanning electron microscopy and x-ray microanalysis suitable for application in such fields as biology, geology, solid state physics, and materials science. Following the format of PSEM, this book gives the student a basic knowledge of (1) the user-controlled functions of the electron optics of the scanning electron microscope and electron microprobe, (2) the characteristics of electron-beam-sample inter actions, (3) image formation and interpretation, (4) x-ray spectrometry, and (5) quantitative x-ray microanalysis. Each of these topics has been updated and in most cases expanded over the material presented in PSEM in order to give the reader sufficient coverage to understand these topics and apply the information in the laboratory. Throughout the text, we have attempted to emphasize practical aspects of the techniques, describing those instru ment parameters which the microscopist can and must manipulate to obtain optimum information from the specimen. Certain areas in particular have been expanded in response to their increasing importance in the SEM field. Thus energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometry, which has undergone a tremendous surge in growth, is treated in substantial detail.

Download or read book Electron Probe Quantitation written by K.F.J. Heinrich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1968, the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) published Special Publication 298 "Quantitative Electron Probe Microanalysis," which contained proceedings of a seminar held on the subject at NBS in the summer of 1967. This publication received wide interest that continued through the years far beyond expectations. The present volume, also the result of a gathering of international experts, in 1988, at NBS (now the National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST), is intended to fulfill the same purpose. After years of substantial agreement on the procedures of analysis and data evaluation, several sharply differentiated approaches have developed. These are described in this publi cation with all the details required for practical application. Neither the editors nor NIST wish to endorse any single approach. Rather, we hope that their exposition will stimulate the dialogue which is a prerequisite for technical progress. Additionally, it is expected that those active in research in electron probe microanalysis will appreciate more clearly the areas in which further investigations are warranted.

Download or read book Modern Developments and Applications in Microbeam Analysis written by Glyn Love and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This supplement of Mikrochimica Acta contains selected papers from the Fifth Workshop of the European Microbeam Analysis Society (EMAS) on "Modern Developments and Applications in Microbeam Analysis" which th th took place from the 11 to 15 May 1997 in Torquay (UK). EMAS was founded in 1986 by scientists from many European countries in order to stimulate research in microbe am analysis and into its development and application. The society now has over 350 members from more than 20 countries. An important EMAS activity is the organisation of biennial workshops which focus upon the current status and developing trends in microanalytical techniques. For this meeting EMAS chose to invite speakers on the following subjects: Standardless analysis, EPMA techniques for quantitative near-surface analysis and depth profiling, Matrix corrections in Auger electron and X-ray photon spectroscopy, X-ray analysis and imaging using low voltage beams, Scanning probe and near field microscopies, EPMA of frozen biological bulk samples, Environmen tal SEM and X-ray microanalysis of biological materials, Quantitative elemental mapping of X-ray radiographs by factorial correspondence, X-ray spectrum processing and multivariate analysis, Thin film analysis and chemical mapping in the analytical electron microscope, Wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, High resolution non dispersive X-ray spectroscopy with state-of-the-art silicon detectors and Recent developments in instrumentation for X-ray analysis. These invited lectures were given by eminent scientists from Europe, the USA, and Australia In addition to the introductory lectures there were poster sessions at which some 110 posters were on display.

Download or read book Electron probe Microanalysis EPMA written by Paul Carpenter and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Microprobe Techniques in the Earth Sciences written by Philip J. Potts and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 30% discount for members of The Mineralogical Society of Britain and Ireland This text covers the range of microanalytical techniques available for the analysis of geological samples, principally in research applications. Each chapter is written in a clear, informative style and has a tutorial element, designed to introduce each technique for the beginning and experienced researcher alike.

Download or read book Quantitative Electron probe Microanalysis written by Victor D. Scott and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Quantitative Electron Microprobe Analysis written by Roger Theisen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Electron Microbeam Analysis written by Abraham Boekestein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This supplement of Mikrochimica Acta contains selected papers from the Second Workshop of the European Microbeam Analysis Society (EMAS) "Modern Developments and Applications in Microbeam Analysis", on which took place in May 1991 in Dubrovnik (Yugoslavia). EMAS was founded in 1987 by members from almost all European countries, in order to stimulate research, applications and development of all forms of microbeam methods. One of the most important activities EMAS is the organisation of biannual workshops for demonstrating the current status and developing trends of microbeam methods. For this meeting, EMAS chose to highlight the following topics: electron-beam microanalysis (EPMA) of thin films and quantitative analysis of ultra-light elements, Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), electron energy loss spec trometry (EELS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), quantitative analysis of biological samples and standard-less electron-beam microanalysis. Seven introductory lectures and almost seventy poster presentations were given by speakers from twelve European and two non-European (U.S.A. and Argentina) countries were made. One cannot assume that all fields of research in Europe were duly represented, but a definite trend is discernible. EPMA with wavelength-dispersive spectrometry (WDS) or energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) is the method with by far the widest range of applications, followed by TEM with EELS and then AES. There are also interesting suggestions for the further development of new appa ratus with new fields of application. Applications are heavily biased towards materials science (thin films in microelectronics and semicon ductors), ceramics and metallurgy, followed by analysis of biological and mineral samples.