Download or read book Electromagnetic Phenomena Related to Earthquakes and Volcanoes written by Birbal Singh and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthquake prediction studies based on electromagnetic techniques have drawn considerable global attention in recent years. This technique is based on ground and satellite based monitoring of electromagnetic signals in a broad frequency range between DC and VHF employing variety of sensors. Definite earthquake precursors have been reported from these experiments. Besides the above, ionospheric perturbations and geochemical anomalies have also been reported prior to the occurrence of the earthquakes. This book contains some important research output in the above fields obtained by well-known researchers. More precisely, there are descriptions on recent progress in VAN method, anomalies in ULF/VLF signals, ionospheric parameters and Schumann resonance etc. The book also includes one topic not related to seismicity which deals with space weather, Trimpi phenomena, and neural network approach to TSP solutions etc.

Download or read book Atmospheric and Ionospheric Electromagnetic Phenomena Associated with Earthquakes written by Masashi Hayakawa and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1024 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Electromagnetic Phenomena Associated with Earthquakes and Volcanoes written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Electromagnetic Phenomena Associated With Earthquakes written by Masashi Hayakawa and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An earthquake (EQ) is probably the most disastrous natural phenomenon. The depth toll from large EQs during the last century exceeded two million people. The corresponding geography of the most damaging EQs included 25 countries. The top ten of those were Iran, China, Turkey, Japan, India, Italy, the former USSR, Indonesia, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, and the others were Chile, Algeria, Colombia, Peru, Guatemala, The Philippines, Nicaragua, Romania, Morocco, Mexico, Argentine, USA, Jamaica, Yugoslavia, and El Salvador. During the recent 10 years from 1995 to the beginning of 2006, more than 400,000 people were killed by EQ catastrophes. We were also extremely shocked by the serious hazard by a recent Sichuan EQ in China on May 12, 2008. The origin of an EQ is still poorly understood, but the problem of short-term EQ prediction is an urgent issue of human beings. For a rather long time, the scientific community has relied mainly on the traditional Earth science disciplines in solving this problem: seismology, tectonics, geodynamics, and so on. However, a conceptual breakdown took place in seismology about 15 years ago. It was discovered that conventional models of EQ preparation were not valid, and there appeared doubts as to the possibility of successful EQ prediction using purely seismic observations. Heterogeneity and nonlinearity in seismic processes in a state of so-called self-organized criticality, causing unpredictable behavior of a tectonically activated region after some time of consideration (the limited memory of the system), became understood. At the same time there emerged some ideas on new alternative field methods, with particular emphasis on radio-physical sounding and even satellite observations. These gradually took the place of traditional studies on the quasi-steady electric and magnetic fields, resistivity, magneto-telluric impedance, and geodetic changes, which were found to be inefficient. By that stage, enthusiastic groups in several countries have already shown some evidence of seismo-electromagnetic phenomena. A new approach to study seismo-electromagnetic phenomena has recently emerged, and we call it Seismo-electromagnetics and related phenomena . This is a study of short-term processes of the EQ sequence by mainly non-seismic methods. This field has become firmly established since the early 1990s. It differs from its predecessor, which was known for a long time as the non-seismic precursors of EQs, both in methods and ideology. Modern technologies for observation of seismically induced perturbations and proper data processing are applied. First of all, these are radio-physical methods of atmospheric and ionospheric sounding by means of radio signals from VLF, LF, and HF transmitters. Pulsating ULF electromagnetic and seismo-acoustic emissions (the so-called ULF and acoustic foreshocks), and higher-frequency emissions on the ground and onboard plasma variations on low-orbital satellites, are then recorded. These data, together with closely related data on hydrology/geochemistry in wells and hot springs, satellite remote sensing of the ground surface, and atmospheric parameters, comprise the factual basis of the research. Two main problems are suggested as follows: (1) the mechanisms of strong intra-plate EQ triggering, and (2) lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling due to seismicity. There were at least three reasons for attracting our attention and enlarging the scope of this type of research. The first was the discovery of several intriguing observational facts. Among these, it is worth mentioning the approximately simultaneous finding of specific ultra-low-frequency (ULF) electromagnetic emissions before and after the large Loma Prieta EQ in the USA and the large Spitak EQ in the former USSR. The results in both countries looked very similar, and they were therefore convincing. Fraser-Smith et al. (1990) observed intensive ULF emissions practically above the hypocenter of the EQ, which was at a depth of about 10 km. They found the first enhancement two to three weeks before the EQ, and a second sharp increase just before the EQ. The geomagnetic activity before the EQ was very quiet, so they concluded that these ULF emissions were likely to be an EQ signature. A noticeable impact was also produced by the discovery of clear seismic-induced perturbations near the atmosphere-ionosphere boundary with the use of VLF transmitter signal sounding before the famous Kobe EQ in Japan. This effect was proven by subsequent statistics before eleven great EQs. Hayakawa et al. (1996) observed a very significant shift in the evening terminator time (the terminator time is defined as the time when there is a minimum in amplitude (or in phase) around sunrise or sunset) with the use of a 2s criterion, when s is the monthly standard deviation. Similar phenomena were also observed for many other EQs. The second reason was that the Japanese government established special research programs to investigate short-term (at least) EQ forecasting after the shock and sorrow following the great Kobe EQ. This was driven by a general demand from the Japanese people for warnings of such disastrous events. These programs included the Frontier/RIKEN and Frontier/NASDA projects, which investigated electromagnetic and some other effects associated with seismicity. Many valuable results were obtained, and two networks of ULF and VLF stations in Japan were developed. However, it was perhaps most important that these projects promoted an international consolidation of the research on seismo-electromagnetics. Special symposia in Chofu, Tokyo, were attended by specialists from about 20 countries (see the comprehensive collection of papers edited by Hayakawa and Fujinawa (1994), by Hayakawa (1999), and by Hayakawa and Molchanov (2002)). Similar research projects followed in Taiwan, India, Italy, and Russia. In the framework of a Japanese-Russian collaboration, a special station Karymshino, was established in the Kamchatka peninsula (in far-eastern Russia). It is designed for regular complex monitoring (including local seismicity, ULF electric and magnetic field variations, seismo-acoustic emission, VLF transmitter signals, hydrology and geochemistry changes in the wells and springs, and atmospheric parameters), in addition to data on regional seismicity (27 stations). The station is situated in a rural place with low industrial interference, but with frequent seismicity. At present, it is considered as a reference station for Japanese networks. The third reason was the realization of an exclusive satellite mission, DEMETER, in France. The satellite was designed for the investigation of electromagnetic effects related to EQs, and anthropogenic electromagnetic-wave influences on the ionosphere. Pre-seismic electromagnetic effects observed on satellites were first reported in Russia, and they were then intensively discussed during the preparation of DEMETER and in the framework of the Frontier/NASDA project in Japan. This pioneering satellite was at last launched on June 29, 2004, with the intension of studying seismically associated plasma and wave phenomena. Numerous data are now being analyzed by French specialists and guest investigators in different countries. Being extremely timely with these progresses in the field of seismo electromagnetics, I had a kind invitation from the publisher, Research Signpost, to edit a review monograph on our topic. I intended to cover all different branches of this new and challenging science field with the help of senior and qualified scientists. The authors of this monograph have done significant pioneering works in each field. Even though they have been so busy, they were pleased to join us in this book project. Without the pleasant helps by these authors, this book cannot be realized. The topic covers the radio emissions in the lithosphere, laboratory experiments, geochemical phenomena, radio emissions in the atmosphere, seismic-effects in the atmosphere and ionosphere, satellite observation of seismogenic phenomena, and the mechanisms of lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling etc. We do hope that this monograph would provide you with the present art-of-state information on seismo electromagnetics. Finally, I would like to express my sincere thanks to Ms. Yuki Togo for her editorial assistance.

Download or read book Electromagnetic Phenomena Related to Earthquake Prediction written by M. Hayakawa and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Earthquake Prediction by Seismic Electric Signals written by Mary S. Lazaridou-Varotsos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-26 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As evidenced dramatically and tragically in 2011 alone,earthquakes cause devastation and their consequences in terms of human suffering and economic disaster can last for years or even decades. The VAN method of earthquake prediction, based on the detection and measurement of low frequency electric signals called Seismic Electric Signals (SES), has been researched and evaluated over 30 years, and now constitutes the only earthquake prediction effort that has led to concrete successful results. This book recounts the history of the VAN method, detailing how it has developed and been tested under international scrutiny. Earthquake Prediction by Seismic Electric Signals • describes, step by step, the development of the VAN method since 1981; • explains both the theoretical model underpinning the research and the physical properties of SES; • analyzes the SES recordings and the prediction for each major earthquake in Greece over the last 25 years; • introduces a new time domain, natural time, which plays a key role in predicting impending catastrophic events.

Download or read book Electromagnetic field changes as a precursory phenomena of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions written by Yuji Enomoto and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Earthquakes Volcanoes written by Mungo Ponton and published by . This book was released on 1868 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Earthquakes And Animals From Folk Legends To Science written by Motoji Ikeya and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004-06-25 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Those who survive major earthquakes often report the occurrence of mysterious phenomena beforehand — unusual animal and plant behavior, lightning, strange clouds and malfunctioning electrical appliances. In fact these stories are legendary the world over. But are they merely legends? Are the many people who report them just superstitious or suffering from over-active imaginations?Earthquakes and Animals brings objective science to bear on these old legends. But this is not the suspect science associated with recent attempts to validate UFO sightings. The book places in front of the reader the simple laboratory evidence for the behaviour of animals, plants and objects when they are subjected to intense electromagnetic pulses. In many cases they behave in ways that have been recorded for centuries — and are still reported today — as earthquake-related.Written for both the general public and scientists, Earthquakes and Animals demonstrates experimentally a physical basis for the old earthquake legends. It also adds tantalisingly to the science of earthquake prediction and cautiously suggests a legitimate new field of study — electromagnetic seismology.

Download or read book Seismoelectric Exploration written by Niels Grobbe and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-10-13 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seismoelectric coupling and its current and potential future applications The seismoelectric method—the naturally-occurring coupling of seismic waves to electromagnetic fields—can provide insight into important properties of porous media. With a variety of potential environmental and engineering uses, as well as larger scale applications such as earthquake detection and oil and gas exploration, it offers a number of advantages over conventional geophysical methods. Seismoelectric Exploration: Theory, Experiments, and Applications explores the coupling between poroelastic and electromagnetic disturbances, discussing laboratory experiments, numerical modeling techniques, recent theoretical developments, and field studies. Volume highlights include: Physics of the seismoelectric effect at the microscale Governing equations describing coupled seismo-electromagnetic fields Examples of successful seismoelectric field experiments in different geological settings Current and potential applications of seismoelectric coupling Noise removal techniques for seismoelectric field measurements The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.

Download or read book Earthquakes and Volcanoes Their History Phenomena and Probable Causes written by Mungo Ponton and published by . This book was released on 1876 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Earthquakes and Volcanoes written by Brooklyn Public Library and published by . This book was released on 1906 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Conjectures on the physical causes of Earthquakes and Volcanoes in which it is proposed to explain these phenomena on a new hypothesis of the structure of the earth and of the existence of an internal atmosphere communicating with ours written by James LITTLE (Rector of Lackan.) and published by . This book was released on 1820 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Cause of Earthquakes Mountain Formation and Kindred Phenomena Connected with the Physics of the Earth written by T. J. J. See and published by . This book was released on 1907 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book GEOPHYSICS AND GEOCHEMISTRY Volume II written by Jan Lastovicka and published by EOLSS Publications. This book was released on 2009-11-28 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geophysics and Geochemistry is a component of Encyclopedia of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. Geophysics and Geochemistry are two closely intertwined and collaborating branches of Earth’s sciences. The content of the Theme on Geophysics and Geochemistry is organized with state-of-the-art presentations covering eight main topics: Foundations of Geophysics and Geochemistry; Geophysical Systems; Seismology and Volcanology; Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity; Aeronomy and Magnetosphere; Gravimetry; Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry; Planetology – Comparative Planetology of Earth-like Planets and Astrobiology which are then expanded into multiple subtopics, each as a chapter. These three volumes are aimed at the following a wide spectrum of audiences from the merely curious to those seeking in-depth knowledge: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs

Download or read book Earthquakes and Volcanoes written by Mungo Ponton and published by . This book was released on 2016-06-22 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Earthquakes and Volcanoes: Their History, Phenomena and Probable Causes To this Third Edition there has been added a Supplement, con taining the Annals of Earthquakes and Volcanoes down to the middle of 1872. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book Acoustic Electromagnetic Neutron Emissions from Fracture and Earthquakes written by Alberto Carpinteri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-16 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the relevant consequences of recently discovered and interdisciplinary phenomena, triggered by local mechanical instabilities. In particular, it looks at emissions from nano-scale mechanical instabilities such as fracture, turbulence, buckling and cavitation, focussing on vibrations at the TeraHertz frequency and Piezonuclear reactions. Future applications for this work could include earthquake precursors, climate change, energy production and cellular biology. A series of fracture experiments on natural rocks demonstrates that the TeraHertz vibrations are able to induce fission reactions on medium weight elements accompanied by neutron emissions. The same phenomenon appears to have occurred in several different situations, particularly in the chemical evolution of the Earth and Solar System, through seismicity (rocky planets) and storms (gaseous planets). As the authors explore, these phenomena can also explain puzzles related to the history of our planet, like the ocean formation or the primordial carbon pollution, as well as scientific mysteries, like the so-called “cold nuclear fusion” or the correct radio-carbon dating of organic materials, such as the Turin Shroud. In biology, Piezonuclear reactions could explain the mechanism that governs the so-called "sodium-potassium pump" and more in general, the metabolic processes. Scientists engaged in seismology, geophysics, geochemistry, climatology, planetology, condensed matter physics and b iology, as well as those involved in theoretical and applied mechanics, will all appreciate the innovative work presented here in a holistic way.