Download or read book Electrochemical Synthesis of One dimensional Nanostructures for Sensor and Spintronic Applications written by Carlos Maldonado Hangarter and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One-dimensional (1-D) nanostructures, such as nanowires and nanotubes, are attractive building blocks for electronics because of their small sizes, which provide for extremely high density devices, and their unique properties that emerge from their diminutive sizes and increased surface to volume ratios. In addition their extremely high aspect ratios offer researchers the potential to build striped and coaxial structures with different components aligned along the cylindrical or radial axis of the wire, respectively. Composition modulation can be used to incorporate multiple functionalities from intrinsic properties of the material or through interfacial phenomena. However, spatial manipulation and the ability to assemble and position nanostructures in a controlled manner so they are registered to lithographically defined contacts is a critical step toward scalable integration in high-density nanodevices. In this dissertation a generalized template directed approach with ancillary assembly, contact, and displacement techniques were utilized to synthesize and characterize individual nanostructures from uniquely configured conducting polymer, magnetic, and semiconductor nanomaterials for sensor and spintronic applications.

Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Some Nanometaloxides and Their Application as Electrochemical Sensor written by Sathish Reddy R and published by Independent Author. This book was released on 2023-03-21 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sensors are the devices, which are composed of an active sensing material with a signal "transducer". The role of these two important components in sensors is to transmit the signal without any amplification from a selective compound or from a change in a reaction. These devices produce any one of the signals as electrical, thermal or optical output signals which could be converted in to digital signals for further processing. One of the ways of classifying sensors is done based on these output signals. Among these, electrochemical sensors have more advantage over the others because; in these, the electrodes can sense the materials which are present within the host without doing any damage to the host system. On the other hand, sensors can be broadly classified in to two categories as chemical sensors and biosensors. The biosensors can be defined in terms of sensing aspects, where these sensors can sense biochemical compounds such as biological proteins, nucleotides and even tissues [1-4]. Within these sensors, the active sensing material on the electrode should act as a catalyst and catalyze the reaction of the biochemical chemical compounds to obtain the output signals [1,5, 6]. The combination of these two different ways of classifications has given rise to a new type of sensors which are called electrochemical biosensors, where the electrochemical methods are applied for the construction and working of a biosensor [ l, 7-9]. The selection and development of an active material is a challenge. The active sensing materials may be of any kind as whichever acts as a catalyst for sensing a particular analyte or a set of analytes. The recent development in the nanotechnology has paved the way for large number of new materials and devices of desirable properties which have useful functions for numerous electrochemical sensor and biosensor applications [l, 10-14]. Basically by creating nanostructure, it is possible to control the fundamental properties of materials even without changing their chemical composition. In this way the attractive world of low dimensional systems, together with the current tendencies on the fabrication of functional nanostructured arrays could play a key role in the new trends of nanotechnology [ 1, 15-17]. Further, the nanostructures can be used for both efficient transport of electrons and optical excitation, and these two factors make.

Download or read book Electrochemical Synthesis of Nanoengineered Materials and Their Applications written by Nosang Vincent Myung and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-12-27 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nanoscale One dimensional Electronic and Photonic Devices NODEPD written by L. -J. Chou and published by The Electrochemical Society. This book was released on 2007-09 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NODEPD symposium addressed the most recent developments in nanoscale electronic and photonic devices, encompassing one dimensional novel devices, processing, device fabrication, reliability, and other related topics.

Download or read book Functionalized Nanomaterial Based Electrochemical Sensors written by Jamballi G. Manjunatha and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2022-01-11 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Functionalized Nanomaterial-Based Electrochemical Sensors: Principles, Fabrication Methods, and Applications provides a comprehensive overview of materials, functionalized interfaces, fabrication strategies and application areas. Special attention is given to the remaining challenges and opportunities for commercial realization of functionalized nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors. An assortment of nanomaterials has been investigated for their incorporation into electrochemical sensors. For example, carbon- based nanomaterials (carbon nanotube, graphene and carbon fiber), noble metals (Au, Ag and Pt), polymers (nafion, polypyrrole) and non-noble metal oxides (Fe2O3, NiO, and Co3O4). The most relevant materials are discussed in the book with an emphasis on their evaluation of their realization in commercial applications. Application areas touched on include the environment, food and medicine industries. Health, safety and regulation considerations are touched on, along with economic and commercialization trends. - Introduces the principles of nanomaterials for electrochemical sensing applications - Reviews the most relevant fabrication strategies for functionalized nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensing platforms - Discusses considerations for the commercial realization of functionalized nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors in the environment, food and point-of-care applications

Download or read book In situ Electrical Mechanical and Electrochemical Characterizations of One dimensional Nanostructures written by Hessam Mir Shah Ghassemi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book One Dimensional Nanostructures for Nanoelectronics and Energy Storage written by Temilade Esther Adegoke and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Application of Low Dimensional Nanomaterials in Electrocatalysis and Electrochemical Biosensing written by Zanzan Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Electrochemistry, based on the study of an electrochemical reaction at the interface between an electrode and an electrolyte, is having a profound effect on the development of different fields of science and engineering including battery, fuel cell, electrochemical sensor, electrochromic display, electrodeposition, electroplating, electrophoresis, corrosion, and so on. The performance of the electrochemical reaction depends strongly on the nature of the employed electrode such as structure, chemical composition, and surface morphology. Nanomaterials, notable for their extremely small feature size (normally in the range of 1-100 nm), exhibit new properties which are different from those of bulk materials due to their small size effect. In past decade, nanomaterials have been widely used to develop new strategies for designing electrode and its surface morphology for electrocatalysis and electrochemical sensing applications. My work is aimed at exploring the application of low dimensional nanomaterials (nanotubes and nanoparticles) in electrocatalysis and electrochemical biosensors. Electrocatalysis plays an important role in energy and industrial applications. As one of the most attractive support materials for electrocatalyst, carbon nanotubes have been extensively reported to enhance the performance of various electrochemical catalytic reactions. In recent years, carbon nanotubes with a bamboo-like structure due to nitrogen doping have become a hot topic of increased interest in the field of electrocatalysis because of the unique bamboo shaped structure associated properties. In this work, bamboo shaped carbon nanotubes, synthesized by chemical vapor deposition method, were investigated for ethanol/methanol electro-oxidation, respectively. Small sized platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) were dispersed onto BCNT surface through an impregnation method. The role of nitrogen doping in the formation of bamboo shaped structure and its effect in the electrochemical performance of CNTs were discussed. The electrochemical studies showed that the as-prepared Pt/BCNTs electrocatalysts indeed exhibited a remarkable enhancement in catalytic activity for methanol/ethanol oxidation compared to that of the Pt/commercial CNT electrocatalysts. In order to further investigate the potential of using BCNTs as bioelectrocatalyst support materials, a hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposite film of BCNTs/polymer was constructed to immobilize an enzyme horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to examine the direct electrochemical behavior of the enzyme towards electrocatalysis process of H2O2. The results indicated that the immobilized HRP onto the film retains its good bioelectrocatalytic activity to H2O2. The defective sites on the BCNTs surface induced by nitrogen doping could help to promote the direct electron transfer between enzyme and the electrode. The BCNT/polymer film structure provides a vast array of new opportunities to use BCNTs as building units for bioelectrochemical and biomedical applications. Compared to carbon nanotubes, TiO2 nanotubes have much better biocompatibility and show greater potential as implant materials. The advantages of TiO2 nanotube array include high biocompatibility, good corrosion resistance in biological environments and highly ordered one dimensional nanotubular geometry. Herein, a well performing non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose biosensor by using CuO nanoparticle decorated TiO2 nanotube array electrode was developed. Well-aligned TiO2 nanotube arrays were successfully synthesized by electrochemical anodization. Highly uniform CuO nanoparticles were electrodeposited onto TiO2 nanotube arrays through a two-step method and used to electrocatalyze the glucose oxidation. The proposed electrode produced a high sensitivity of 239.9 [mu]A mM−1 cm−2 and a low detection limit of 0.78 [mu]M with good stability, reproducibility, selectivity and fast response time, suggesting its potential to be developed as a low-cost nano-biosensor for glucose measurements in human fluids. The final work of this thesis presents a simple sandwich-type electrochemical impedance immunosensor with antitoxin heavy-chain-only VH (VHH) antibodies labeled gold nanoparticles as the amplifying probe for detecting Clostridium difficile toxins. Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) with diameter of ~13-15 nm were synthesized and characterized by transmission electron microscopy and UV-vis spectra. The electron transfer resistance of the working electrode surface was used as parameter in the measurement of the biosensor. With the increase of the concentration of toxins from 1pg/mL to 100 pg/mL, a linear relationship was observed between the relative electron transfer resistance and toxin concentration. In addition, the detection signal was enhanced due to the amplification effect. This proposed method achieved a limit of detection for TcdA and TcdB as 0.61 pg/mL and 0.60 pg/mL, respectively. The pilot study with spiked clinical stool samples showed promising results, indicating the designed biosensor has a great potential in clinical applications.

Download or read book The Electrochemical Synthesis Chemical Synthesis and Galvanic Exchange of Silver Nanostructures Directly on Surfaces written by Grzegorz W. Slawiński and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation describes galvanic exchange of silver (Ag) nanostructures with PdCl42- in 1) various PdCl42- concentrations, 2) the presence of 0.1 M cetyitrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and 3) the presence of 0.1 M potassium bromide (KBr). It also describes the electrochemical seed-mediated growth of Ag nanorods directly on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass electrodes, and the synthesis of Ag nanostructures directly on thin sheets of graphene and the Raman enhancement of the graphene. Ag nanorods (NRs) and nanowires (NWs) synthesized directly on surfaces from surface-attached Au nanoparticles (NPs) by seed-mediated growth react spontaneously with PdC142- solutions by galvanic exchange. The morphology of the resulting AgPd alloy nanostructures depends on the galvanic exchange rate when performed in aqueous solutions with no other additives. The rate increases with increasing PdCl42- concentration over a concentration range of 1.0x 10-5 to 1.0x 10-4 M. A concentrations of 7.5 x 10-5 M or higher lead to rapid galvanic exchange resulting in Pd deposition over the entire Ag nanostructure at the early stages of exchange. When the concentration of PdCl42- is in the range of 1.0 x 10-5 to 5.0 X 10-5 M, Pd deposition occurs preferentially at high energy twin plane defects in the form of well-spaced nanoparticles during the early stages of exchange. Composition analysis by linear sweep voltammetry shows that the UV-Vis data do not reflect the composition well. The rate at all concentrations is slower that the diffusion-limited rate and the reaction does not reach completion at any concentration studied (Max = 70% Pd) The galvanic exchange in the presence of 0.1 M CTAB and concentrations of PdCl42- from 1.0x10-5 M to 1.0x10-4 M show several differences compared to exchange in water. First, the rate of exchange does not depend strongly on PdCl42- concentration. Second, the rate of exchange is slower overall and the morphology of the PdAg NWs is different. The galvanic exchange also occurs preferentially on twin -plane defect sites, but the Pd deposition is more continuous and the etching of the terraces more pronounced. Third, the extent of exchange is different. The Ag is fully exchanged in the presence of CTAB after 1 h in 5.0x10-5 M PdCl42-, while 25-30% Ag remains on the surface for exchange in water only. The galvanic exchange rate is slower than the diffusion-limited rate at all PdCl42 concentrations. In presence of 0.1 M KBr, the rate of exchange is fastest out of all environments studied (water, CTAB, KBr). The resulting morphology is very different compared to morphologies obtained during exchange in water or CTAB. Exchange in 7.5x10-5 M PdCl42- in 0.1 M KBr leads to the destruction of the nanostructures and an evenly distributed rough morphology after exchange in 5.0x10-5 M and 2.5x10-5 M PdCl42- M. The electrodeposition of Ag in pH 10.6 buffer occurs preferentially on Au nanoparticle seeds attached to glass/ITO electrodes over a potential range of -0.1 to -0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl. At -150 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl), the deposited nanostructures contain a small percentage ofNRs and NWs, whereas other potentials produces mostly spherical or flower-like structures. This shows that the formation of NRs/NWs depends strongly on the reduction potential, which is an important finding for fundamental and applied studies. Ag and Au nanostructures, including NRs/NWs, can be immobilized on thin sheets of graphene by attaching hydrophobic hexanethiolate Au seeds and growing them by seed-mediated growth. The presence of the Au and Ag nanostructures leads to the Raman enhancement of graphene by 50 and 150 fold, respectively. This shows that metal nanostructures are in intimate contact with graphene. These heterostructures could find use in catalysis, sensing, nanoelectronics, and optoelectronics applications.

Download or read book Electrochemical Synthesis of Single Crystal Metal Nanowires written by Nan Li and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nanotechnology Enabled Sensors written by Kourosh Kalantar-zadeh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-19 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology provides tools for creating functional materials, devices, and systems by controlling materials at the atomic and molecular scales and making use of novel properties and phenomena. Nanotechnology-enabled sensors find applications in several fields such as health and safety, medicine, process control and diagnostics. This book provides the reader with information on how nanotechnology enabled sensors are currently being used and how they will be used in the future in such diverse fields as communications, building and facilities, medicine, safety, and security, including both homeland defense and military operations.

Download or read book Magnetic Sensors and Actuators in Medicine written by Horia Chiriac and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2023-07-15 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic Sensors and Actuators in Medicine: Materials, Devices, and Applications provides an overview of the various sensors and actuators, their characteristics, role in the development of medical applications, the medical problems they solve, and future directions. The book brings together recent advances in the physics, chemistry and engineering of magnetic materials related to sensors and actuators that improve their functions in medical applications. The book describes the main applications of magnetic sensors and actuators, starting from the common and emerging magnetic materials, their principles of operation, the medical problems that they are used to address, and the latest achievements in the field. - Reviews a wide range of magnetic sensors and actuators employed in medical applications such as diagnosis, surgery and therapy - Describes magnetic material-based sensors and actuators, including their operation principles, properties and optimization for specific applications - Includes examples of recent advances, such as emerging magnetic materials, magnetic nanowires, nanorods and/or nanotubes

Download or read book Fundamentals of Low Dimensional Magnets written by Ram K. Gupta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-08-29 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A low-dimensional magnet is a key to the next generation of electronic devices. In some respects, low-dimensional magnets refer to nanomagnets (nanostructured magnets) or single-molecule magnets (molecular nanomagnets). They also include the group of magnetic nanoparticles, which have been widely used in biomedicine, technology, industries, and environmental remediation. Low-dimensional magnetic materials can be used effectively in the future in powerful computers (hard drives, magnetic random-access memory, ultra-low power consumption switches, etc.). The properties of these materials largely depend on the doping level, phase, defects, and morphology. This book covers various nanomagnets and magnetic materials. The basic concepts, various synthetic approaches, characterizations, and mathematical understanding of nanomaterials are provided. Some fundamental applications of 1D, 2D, and 3D materials are covered. This book provides the fundamentals of low-dimensional magnets along with synthesis, theories, structure-property relations, and applications of ferromagnetic nanomaterials. This book broadens our fundamental understanding of ferromagnetism and mechanisms for realization and advancement in devices with improved energy efficiency and high storage capacity.

Download or read book Energetic Nanomaterials written by Vladimir E Zarko and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-01-21 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energetic Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application provides researchers in academia and industry the most novel and meaningful knowledge on nanoenergetic materials, covering the fundamental chemical aspects from synthesis to application. This valuable resource fills the current gap in book publications on nanoenergetics, the energetic nanomaterials that are applied in explosives, gun and rocket propellants, and pyrotechnic devices, which are expected to yield improved properties, such as a lower vulnerability towards shock initiation, enhanced blast, and environmentally friendly replacements of currently used materials. The current lack of a systematic and easily available book in this field has resulted in an underestimation of the input of nanoenergetic materials to modern technologies. This book is an indispensable resource for researchers in academia, industry, and research institutes dealing with the production and characterization of energetic materials all over the world. - Written by high-level experts in the field of nanoenergetics - Covers the hot topic of energetic nanomaterials, including nanometals and their applications in nanoexplosives - Fills a gap in energetic nanomaterials book publications

Download or read book Mems for Biomedical Applications written by Shekhar Bhansali and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-07-18 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The application of Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) in the biomedical field is leading to a new generation of medical devices. MEMS for biomedical applications reviews the wealth of recent research on fabrication technologies and applications of this exciting technology.The book is divided into four parts: Part one introduces the fundamentals of MEMS for biomedical applications, exploring the microfabrication of polymers and reviewing sensor and actuator mechanisms. Part two describes applications of MEMS for biomedical sensing and diagnostic applications. MEMS for in vivo sensing and electrical impedance spectroscopy are investigated, along with ultrasonic transducers, and lab-on-chip devices. MEMS for tissue engineering and clinical applications are the focus of part three, which considers cell culture and tissue scaffolding devices, BioMEMS for drug delivery and minimally invasive medical procedures. Finally, part four reviews emerging biomedical applications of MEMS, from implantable neuroprobes and ocular implants to cellular microinjection and hybrid MEMS.With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, MEMS for biomedical applications provides an authoritative review for scientists and manufacturers involved in the design and development of medical devices as well as clinicians using this important technology. - Reviews the wealth of recent research on fabrication technologies and applications of Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) in the biomedical field - Introduces the fundamentals of MEMS for biomedical applications, exploring the microfabrication of polymers and reviewing sensor and actuator mechanisms - Considers MEMS for biomedical sensing and diagnostic applications, along with MEMS for in vivo sensing and electrical impedance spectroscopy

Download or read book Zinc Oxide Nanostructures Synthesis and Characterization written by Sotirios Baskoutas and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-12-04 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Zinc Oxide Nanostructures: Synthesis and Characterization" that was published in Materials

Download or read book Graphene written by Mikhail I. Katsnelson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-05 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important introduction to graphene, its physics and potentially significant applications, for graduate students, physicists and materials science researchers.