Download or read book Electricity Prices and the Poor written by Rand Corporation and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Electricity Prices and the Poor written by Jan Paul Acton and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now we are abruptly against an important policy question: Do we have two laudable goals which are fundamentally inconsistent with one another? Is it possible to blunt the impact of rapidly rising energy prices on some of the customers without subverting the goals of prudent use in the long term? To answer this question we must step back and look at fundamental empirical evidence of the relationship between prices and the use of electricity; that is the subject of the first section. Second, we look especially at the evidence of differential impact by level of use or level of income. Finally, we will review in particular an electricity lifeline rate that was adopted in Los Angeles and evaluate it against these two social objectives of efficiency and improved well-being of lower income individuals. Without intending to give away the plot, I will tell you at the outset that there will be some pleasant surprises. Our analysis indicates that, at least under some circumstances, public policies can be designed to help the poor through the pricing mechanism without destroying the efficiency gains that are generally found with market prices that reflect the full costs of production and supply.
Download or read book Water Electricity and the Poor written by Kristin Komives and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the prevalence and variants of consumer subsidies found in the developing world and the effectiveness of these subsidies for the poor. It places consumer subsidies in a broader social protection framework and compares them with poverty-focused programmes in other sectors using a common metric. It concludes that the most common subsidy instruments perform poorly in comparison with most other transfer mechanisms. Alternative consumption and connection subsidy mechanisms show more promise, especially when combined with complementary non-price approaches to making utility services accessible and affordable to poor households. The many factors contributing to those outcomes are dissected, identifying those that can be controlled and used to improve performance.
Download or read book Impact of Higher Energy Prices on the Poor written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Pricing Policies for Inclusive Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean written by Guillermo Beylis and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-10-02 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Government strategies for setting energy prices are not uniform across the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region—or even across fuels. Instead, they cover a full spectrum, ranging from discretionary price-fixing at one end to pure market-based approaches at the other. In between is a wide variety of other schemes such as price stabilization funds, import or export parity pricing, price smoothing through tax levels, and targeted direct price subsidies or vouchers. Governments in the LAC region, however, tend to be small as measured by government revenues as a percentage of GDP. So their limited government resources have to be used wisely and be better targeted to the poor and vulnerable. Although energy subsidies are an inefficient policy tool for protecting the welfare of the poor, energy price increases can have a big impact on these households. Energy Pricing Policies for Inclusive Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean finds that energy subsidies are highly regressive in an absolute sense—that is, the lion’s share of every dollar spent on keeping energy prices low benefits wealthier households. However, subsidies for fuels that are widely used for cooking and heating—liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), natural gas, and kerosene—as well as for electricity, can be relatively neutral or progressive, implying that lower-income households capture benefits that are proportionate to their expenditures. In other words, although poorer households receive very little from every dollar spent on energy subsidies, that small amount may represent an important share of their expenditures. It is important, then, that governments expand the coverage and depth of their social safety nets to provide relief for poor households if energy prices rise. This report also finds that aggregate price impacts and the competitiveness effects of energy price increases are moderate to small and can be smoothed out through macropolicy responses.
Download or read book Energy Prices Fuel Poverty and Ofgem written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Business and Enterprise Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2008 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A report from the 'Business and Enterprise Committee' that inquires into the effect of the 'Big 6' energy companies - which include Npower, Centrica, EDF Energy, Scottish Power, and Scottish and Southern Energy - all raising their prices between January and April 2008. It aims to feed into a separate inquiry being carried out by Ofgem.
Download or read book Poverty and Environmental Impacts of Electricity Price Reforms in Montenegro written by Patricia Silva and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Government of Montenegro is preparing an electricity tariff reform due to recent developments in the national and regional electricity markets. Electricity tariffs for residential consumers in Montenegro are likely to gradually increase by anywhere from 40 to over 100 percent. This significant price rise will impose a heavy burden on poor households and it may adversely affect the environment. In an ex-ante investigation of the welfare impact of this price increase on households in Montenegro, the authors show that the anticipated price increase will result in a significant increase in households' energy expenditures. A simulation of alternative policy measures analyzes the impact of different tariff levels and structures on the poor and vulnerable households in particular. Higher electricity prices could also significantly increase the proportion of households using fuelwood for space heating.
Download or read book People and Power written by Julian A. Lampietti and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empirical insights on household behavior and electricity consumption patterns in this book reveal that, in Europe and Central Asia, the erosion of tariff based subsidies has disproportionately affected the poor, while direct transfers through social benefit systems have often been inadequately targeted. The book suggests alternative strategies for achieving cost-recovery in the electricity sector in a socially and politically acceptable manner, providing lessons that are equally relevant for other utilities and regions.
Download or read book IMPACT OF HIGHER ENERGY PRICES ON THE POOR HEARING S HRG 106 718 COMMITTEE ON HEALTH EDUCATION LABOR PENSIONS UNITED STATES written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and published by . This book was released on 2001* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Impact of Higher Energy Prices on the Poor written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High Energy Costs written by Hans H. Landsberg and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-09-25 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The two major concerns in the energy policy debate relate to economic efficiency and whether the price should indicate to each consumer the true cost to the economy of using more energy, and the second is that of economic equity where it is argued that energy is a basic necessity for survival and the government has the responsibility to provide assistance for lower-income families. Originally published in 1982, this volume focuses on the uneven impact of rising energy costs on different income groups, regions, and household locations. This collection of papers helps to fill the knowledge gaps about the amount and distribution of household energy expenditure. The volume is organised with a paper introducing each topic followed by one or two discussants’ remarks further examining the issues at hand. It is a valuable title for students interested in environmental studies and national policy.
Download or read book Impact of Higher Energy Prices on the Poor written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Burden of Germany s Energy Transition written by Stephan Sommer and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Balancing Act written by Caterina Ruggeri Laderchi and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-01-15 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Eastern Europe and Central Asia there are significant pressures for residential energy tariffs to rise, as government budgets are increasingly stretched and cannot afford to pay large energy subsidies. Further pressures for tariffs to rise come from environmental concerns, as the tariff levels that households now face do not cover the social costs of energy production. Because reforms that would increase energy tariffs are likely to affect significantly the poor and the middle class, their political feasibility may be questioned unless appropriate ways of cushioning the impacts can be devised. Balancing these competing claims—fiscal and environmental concerns on the one hand, affordability and political economy concerns on the other—is a task that policy makers in the region are increasingly unable to put off. While challenging, the reforms needed for this balancing act can build on much that has been learned in the last decade in terms of improving the effectiveness of social assistance systems and increasing energy efficiency. This report suggests that a policy agenda that focuses on cutting subsidies to the energy sector, while investing in energy efficiency and supporting households at the bottom of the distribution, amounts to a new wave of policy reforms for the energy sector in transition countries. The feasibility of such an integrated policy agenda and the ability of these policies to balance the competing claims of fi scal responsibility and social concerns are explored through different policy scenarios, which, in their simplicity, help clarify the parameters of the policy choices many countries ECA are facing. This report is a part of a series of 3 regional reports. The series includes “Growing green: The economic benefits of climate action in Europe and Central Asia”, “Balancing act: Cutting energy subsidies and protecting affordability” and “Lessons learned from energy efficiency success cases”.
Download or read book Impact of Energy Prices on Poor written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Fossil and Synthetic Fuels and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Prices Fuel Poverty and Ofgem written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Business and Enterprise Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2008 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report, from the Business and Enterprise Committee (HCP 293-I, ISBN 9780215523273) inquires into the effect of the big 6 energy companies (Npower, Centrica, EDF Energy , Scottish Power and Scottish and Southern Energy) all raising their prices between January and April 2008. The report aims to feed into a separate inquiry being carried out by Ofgem. The ideal objective is maintain a policy of low energy prices for both domestic and commercial users, but the Committee believes that the UK's energy market is not functioning as efficiently as they should and that UK prices may be higher than other countries.The Committee also states that Ofgem's inquiry will not examine the competitiveness of the wholesale gas market. The price of gas determines the wholesale price of electricity, with gas-fired power accounting for around a third of the UK's generating capacity. High fuel prices will inevitably lead to fuel poverty and the Committee also believes that a root and branch review of government policy in this area is needed. In total, the Committee sets out 43 conclusions and recommendations, covering some of the following areas, including: Ofgem's inquiry; the UK gas market; increasing gas dependency; wholesale gas market concentration; oil-gas price link; gas contracting; the wholesale gas market and Ofgem; wholesale electricity: rising environmental costs; wholesale electricity market concentration; new generating capacity; vertical integration; wholesale electricity market liquidity; changes in supplier costs; smart metering; social tariffs and improving housing.
Download or read book Power It Up written by Mr.Gabriel Di Bella and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-04-12 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poor performance of the electricity sector remains a drag to economic efficiency and a bottleneck to economic activity in many low-income countries. This paper proposes a number of models that account for different equilibria (some better, some worse) of the electricity sector. They show how policy choices (affecting insolvency prospects or related to rules for electricity dispatching or tariff setting), stochastic generation costs, and initial conditions, affect investment in generation and electricity supply. They also show how credible (non-credible) promises of stronger enforcement to reduce theft result in larger (smaller) electricity supply, lower (higher) government subsidies, and lower (higher) tariffs and distribution losses, which in turn affect economic activity. To illustrate these findings, the paper reviews the experience of Haiti, a country stuck in a bad equilibrium of insufficient supply, high prices, and electricity theft; and that of Nicaragua, which is gradually transitioning to a better equilibrium of the electricity sector.
