Download or read book Electric Probes in Stationary and Flowing Plasmas written by P.M. Chung and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-12 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electric probe has long been used as a fundamental diagnostic tool for measuring the local properties of a plasma. Since Langmuir first developed the electric-probe technique in 1924, probes have been used to measure electron densities and temperatures in a wide variety of gaseous ionized media, such as electric discharges, afterglows, ionizing shock waves, flames, MHD, and plasma-jet flows, reentry vehicle flow fields, and atmospheric and space plasmas. The first systematic account of modern theories of electriC-probe behavior was given by Chen (1965), who also provided practical information on experimental techniques. A subsequent survey by Swift and Schwar (1970), which was representative of results contained in the literature through 1969, included additional information on some of the modern theories and on practical details of probe utilization. The purpose of this volume is to supplement the previously mentioned two works by providing an account of a large body of the up-to-date informa tion available on electric probes, particularly in the areas of transitional and continuum-flow phenomena, and by offering, for all domains of probe appli cation, a critical appraisal of the more significant probe theories and experi mental investigations in the literature.
Download or read book Introduction to Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion written by Francis Chen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-17 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This complete introduction to plasma physics and controlled fusion by one of the pioneering scientists in this expanding field offers both a simple and intuitive discussion of the basic concepts of this subject and an insight into the challenging problems of current research. In a wholly lucid manner the work covers single-particle motions, fluid equations for plasmas, wave motions, diffusion and resistivity, Landau damping, plasma instabilities and nonlinear problems. For students, this outstanding text offers a painless introduction to this important field; for teachers, a large collection of problems; and for researchers, a concise review of the fundamentals as well as original treatments of a number of topics never before explained so clearly. This revised edition contains new material on kinetic effects, including Bernstein waves and the plasma dispersion function, and on nonlinear wave equations and solitons. For the third edition, updates was made throughout each existing chapter, and two new chapters were added; Ch 9 on “Special Plasmas” and Ch 10 on Plasma Applications (including Atmospheric Plasmas).
Download or read book Cosmic Plasmas and Electromagnetic Phenomena written by Athina Meli and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-10-25 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past few decades, plasma science has witnessed a great growth in laboratory studies, in simulations, and in space. Plasma is the most common phase of ordinary matter in the universe. It is a state in which ionized matter (even as low as 1%) becomes highly electrically conductive. As such, long-range electric and magnetic fields dominate its behavior. Cosmic plasmas are mostly associated with stars, supernovae, pulsars and neutron stars, quasars and active galaxies at the vicinities of black holes (i.e., their jets and accretion disks). Cosmic plasma phenomena can be studied with different methods, such as laboratory experiments, astrophysical observations, and theoretical/computational approaches (i.e., MHD, particle-in-cell simulations, etc.). They exhibit a multitude of complex magnetohydrodynamic behaviors, acceleration, radiation, turbulence, and various instability phenomena. This Special Issue addresses the growing need of the plasma science principles in astrophysics and presents our current understanding of the physics of astrophysical plasmas, their electromagnetic behaviors and properties (e.g., shocks, waves, turbulence, instabilities, collimation, acceleration and radiation), both microscopically and macroscopically. This Special Issue provides a series of state-of-the-art reviews from international experts in the field of cosmic plasmas and electromagnetic phenomena using theoretical approaches, astrophysical observations, laboratory experiments, and state-of-the-art simulation studies.
Download or read book Electric Plasmas written by A. Von Engel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1983 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plasma and Spot Phenomena in Electrical Arcs written by Isak Beilis and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-05 with total page 1137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to a thorough investigation of the physics and applications of the vacuum arc – a highly-ionized metallic plasma source used in a number of applications – with emphasis on cathode spot phenomena and plasma formation. The goal is to understand the origins and behavior of the various complex and sometimes mysterious phenomena involved in arc formation, such as cathode spots, electrode vaporization, and near-electrode plasma formation. The book takes the reader from a model of dense cathode plasma based on charge-exchange ion-atom collisions through a kinetic approach to cathode vaporization and on to metal thermophysical properties of cathodes. This picture is further enhanced by an in-depth study of cathode jets and plasma acceleration, the effects of magnetic fields on cathode spot behavior, and electrical characteristics of arcs and cathode spot dynamics. The book also describes applications to space propulsion, thin film deposition, laser plasma generation, and magnetohydrodynamics, making this comprehensive and up-to-date volume a valuable resource for researchers in academia and industry.
Download or read book The Interaction of High Power Lasers with Plasmas written by Shalom Eliezer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-08-16 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Interaction of High-Power Lasers with Plasmas provides a thorough self-contained discussion of the physical processes occurring in laser-plasma interactions, including a detailed review of the relevant plasma and laser physics. The book analyzes laser absorption and propagation, electron transport, and the relevant plasma waves in detail. It al
Download or read book Electromagnetic Fluctuations In Plasma written by A Sitenko and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electromagnetic Fluctuations in Plasma focuses on the theoretical investigation of the electromagnetic properties of a plasma (an ionized gas). The manuscript first takes a look at the general theory of fluctuations and electromagnetic fluctuations in media with space-time dispersion. Discussions focus on spectral distribution of the fluctuations and energy dissipation in the medium; dielectric and magnetic permittivities in a medium with spatial dispersion; current, charge, and field fluctuations in a medium; and inversion of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. The text then examines the electrodynamic properties of an electron plasma and electromagnetic fluctuations in an electron plasma. The publication ponders on fluctuations in an electron-ion plasma and electron plasma in a magnetic field. Topics include plasma dielectric permittivity tensor in a magnetic field; longitudinal plasma oscillations in a magnetic field; fluctuations in charge and current densities in an equilibrium electron-ion plasma; and electron and ion density fluctuations in an equilibrium plasma. The text also tackles the passage of charged particles through plasma and dynamic friction and diffusion coefficients in a plasma. The book is a dependable reference for readers interested in the study of the electromagnetic properties of a plasma.
Download or read book Plasma Chemistry written by Alexander Fridman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-05-05 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a fundamental introduction to all aspects of modern plasma chemistry, this book describes mechanisms and kinetics of chemical processes in plasma, plasma statistics, thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and electrodynamics, as well as all major electric discharges applied in plasma chemistry. Fridman considers most of the major applications of plasma chemistry, from electronics to thermal coatings, from treatment of polymers to fuel conversion and hydrogen production and from plasma metallurgy to plasma medicine. It is helpful to engineers, scientists and students interested in plasma physics, plasma chemistry, plasma engineering and combustion, as well as chemical physics, lasers, energy systems and environmental control. The book contains an extensive database on plasma kinetics and thermodynamics and numerical formulas for practical calculations related to specific plasma-chemical processes and applications. Problems and concept questions are provided, helpful in courses related to plasma, lasers, combustion, chemical kinetics, statistics and thermodynamics, and high-temperature and high-energy fluid mechanics.
Download or read book Introduction to Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion written by Francis F. Chen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TO THE SECOND EDITION In the nine years since this book was first written, rapid progress has been made scientifically in nuclear fusion, space physics, and nonlinear plasma theory. At the same time, the energy shortage on the one hand and the exploration of Jupiter and Saturn on the other have increased the national awareness of the important applications of plasma physics to energy production and to the understanding of our space environment. In magnetic confinement fusion, this period has seen the attainment 13 of a Lawson number nTE of 2 x 10 cm -3 sec in the Alcator tokamaks at MIT; neutral-beam heating of the PL T tokamak at Princeton to KTi = 6. 5 keV; increase of average ß to 3%-5% in tokamaks at Oak Ridge and General Atomic; and the stabilization of mirror-confined plasmas at Livermore, together with injection of ion current to near field-reversal conditions in the 2XIIß device. Invention of the tandem mirror has given magnetic confinement a new and exciting dimension. New ideas have emerged, such as the compact torus, surface-field devices, and the EßT mirror-torus hybrid, and some old ideas, such as the stellarator and the reversed-field pinch, have been revived. Radiofrequency heat ing has become a new star with its promise of dc current drive. Perhaps most importantly, great progress has been made in the understanding of the MHD behavior of toroidal plasmas: tearing modes, magnetic Vll Vlll islands, and disruptions.
Download or read book The Physics of Plasmas written by T. J. M. Boyd and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-01-23 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Physics of Plasmas provides a comprehensive introduction to the subject, illustrating the basic theory with examples drawn from fusion, space and astrophysical plasmas. A particular strength of the book is its discussion of the various models used to describe plasma physics and the relationships between them. These include particle orbit theory, fluid equations, ideal and resistive magnetohydrodynamics, wave equations and kinetic theory. The reader will gain a firm grounding in the fundamentals, and develop this into an understanding of some of the more specialised topics. Throughout the text, there is an emphasis on the physical interpretation of plasma phenomena. Exercises are provided throughout. Advanced undergraduate and graduate students of physics, applied mathematics, astronomy and engineering will find a clear but rigorous explanation of the fundamental properties of plasmas with minimal mathematical formality. This book will also appeal to research physicists, nuclear and electrical engineers.
Download or read book Turbulent Transport in Magnetized Plasmas written by Wendell Horton and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book explains how magnetized plasmas self-organize in states of electromagnetic turbulence that transports particles and energy out of the core plasma faster than anticipated by the fusion scientists designing magnetic confinement systems in the 20th century. It describes theory, experiments and simulations in a unified and up-to-date presentation of the issues of achieving nuclear fusion power.
Download or read book Plasma Physics and Fusion Energy written by Jeffrey P. Freidberg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-07-10 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been an increase in interest worldwide in fusion research over the last decade and a half due to the recognition that a large number of new, environmentally attractive, sustainable energy sources will be needed to meet ever increasing demand for electrical energy. Based on a series of course notes from graduate courses in plasma physics and fusion energy at MIT, the text begins with an overview of world energy needs, current methods of energy generation, and the potential role that fusion may play in the future. It covers energy issues such as the production of fusion power, power balance, the design of a simple fusion reactor and the basic plasma physics issues faced by the developers of fusion power. This book is suitable for graduate students and researchers working in applied physics and nuclear engineering. A large number of problems accumulated over two decades of teaching are included to aid understanding.
Download or read book Electric Potential in Toroidal Plasmas written by A.V. Melnikov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-20 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work introduces heavy ion beam probe diagnostics and presents an overview of its applications. The heavy ion beam probe is a unique tool for the measurement of potential in the plasma core in order to understand the role of the electric field in plasma confinement, including the mechanism of transition from low to high confinement regimes (L–H transition). This allows measurement of the steady-state profile of the plasma potential, and its use has been extended to include the measurement of quasi-monochromatic and broadband oscillating components, the turbulent-particle flux and oscillations of the electron density and poloidal magnetic field. Special emphasis is placed on the study of Geodesic Acoustic Modes and Alfvén Eigenmodes excited by energetic particles with experimental data sets. These experimental studies help to understand the link between broadband turbulent physics and quasi-coherent oscillations in devices with a rather different magnetic configuration. The book also compares spontaneous and biased transitions from low to high confinement regimes on both classes of closed magnetic traps (tokamak and stellarator) and highlights the common features in the behavior of electric potential and turbulence of magnetized plasmas. A valuable resource for physicists, postgraduates and students specializing in plasma physics and controlled fusion.
Download or read book Plasma Processing of Materials written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-02-01 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma processing of materials is a critical technology to several of the largest manufacturing industries in the worldâ€"electronics, aerospace, automotive, steel, biomedical, and toxic waste management. This book describes the relationship between plasma processes and the many industrial applications, examines in detail plasma processing in the electronics industry, highlights the scientific foundation underlying this technology, and discusses education issues in this multidisciplinary field. The committee recommends a coordinated, focused, and well-funded research program in this area that involves the university, federal laboratory, and industrial sectors of the community. It also points out that because plasma processing is an integral part of the infrastructure of so many American industries, it is important for both the economy and the national security that America maintain a strong leadership role in this technology.
Download or read book Physics of Collisional Plasmas written by Michel Moisan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-20 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text is an introduction to the physics of collisional plasmas, as opposed to plasmas in space. It is intended for graduate students in physics and engineering . The first chapter introduces with progressively increasing detail, the fundamental concepts of plasma physic. The motion of individual charged particles in various configurations of electric and magnetic fields is detailed in the second chapter while the third chapter considers the collective motion of the plasma particles described according to a hydrodynamic model. The fourth chapter is most original in that it introduces a general approach to energy balance, valid for all types of discharges comprising direct current(DC) and high frequency (HF) discharges, including an applied static magnetic field. The basic concepts required in this fourth chapter have been progressively introduced in the previous chapters. The text is enriched with approx. 100 figures, and alphabetical index and 45 fully resolved problems. Mathematical and physical appendices provide complementary information or allow to go deeper in a given subject.
Download or read book Plasma Scattering of Electromagnetic Radiation written by John Sheffield and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma Scattering of Electromagnetic Radiation covers the theory and experimental application of plasma scattering. The book discusses the basic properties of a plasma and of the interaction of radiation with a plasma; the relationship between the scattered power spectrum and the fluctuations in plasma density; and the incoherent scattering of low-temperature plasma. The text also describes the constraints and problems that arise in the application of scattering as a diagnostic technique; the characteristic performance of various dispersion elements, image dissectors, and detectors; and the general scattered spectrum for an unmagnetized, low-temperature, quasi-equilibrium plasma. The application of the general scattered spectrum for a magnetized plasma; the scattering from a high-temperature plasma; and the scattering from unstable plasmas are also encompassed. Plasma physicists and people involved in the study of electromagnetic radiation will find the book invaluable.
Download or read book Plasma Science and Technology written by Alexander Fridman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-12-22 with total page 805 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma Science and Technology An accessible introduction to the fundamentals of plasma science and its applications In Plasma Science and Technology: Lectures in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and Engineering, distinguished researcher Dr. Alexander Fridman delivers a comprehensive introduction to plasma technology, including fulsome descriptions of the fundamentals of plasmas and discharges. The author discusses a wide variety of practical applications of the technology to medicine, energy, catalysis, coatings, and more, emphasizing engineering and science fundamentals. Offering readers illuminating problems and concept questions to support understanding and self-study, the book also details organic and inorganic applications of plasma technologies, demonstrating its use in nature, in the lab, and in both novel and well-known applications. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to the kinetics of excited atoms and molecules Comprehensive explorations of non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure cold discharges Practical discussions of plasma processing in microelectronics and other micro-technologies Expert treatments of plasma in environmental control technologies, including the cleaning of air, exhaust gases, water, and soil Perfect for students of chemical engineering, physics, and chemistry, Plasma Science and Technology will also benefit professionals working in these fields who seek a contemporary refresher in the fundamentals of plasma science and its applications.
