Download or read book Electoral Budget Cycle in General and Local Elections written by Fatih Erol and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper inquires the following research question that “to what extent, do election years have explanatory power to predict central and local governmental administrative units' budget deficits in electoral districts?” Theoretically, this research's theoretical part utilizes the electoral budget cycle approach that government party/parties increase(s) budgetary expenditures and decrease(s) taxation before the elections for re-election prospect. This paper's arguments are twofold. First, classic electoral budget cycle disregards temporal order in elections that between two first-order elections (general elections in parliamentary systems and presidential elections in presidential systems), there are second-order elections (local elections at the district/province/city level in parliamentary systems and legislative elections in presidential systems). Second, the classic electoral budget cycle approach deals with a monolithic conception of the incumbent party in parliamentary democracies such that there is no distinction between single party majoritarian and coalition government. Methodologically, this research employs time-series cross-section data and resorts to fixed-effects model. This paper compiles a new dataset on local government spending-revenue for all Turkish municipalities and special provincial administrations at the district level from Turkish Statistical Institute library's scanned archive documents and on incumbent candidate and party (re-)election between 1980 and 2007 in general elections. Findings can be compartmentalized into three. Firstly, there are electoral budget cycles in both general and local elections. Secondly, government type matters in electoral budget cycles due to clarity of the fiscal responsibility. Thirdly, there are electoral credit cycles in agriculture and real estate to supplement electoral budget deficits.
Download or read book Local Budgeting written by Anwar Shah and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Local budgeting serves important functions that include setting priorities, planning, financial control over inputs, management of operations and accountability to citizens. These objectives give rise to technical and policy issues that require open discussion and debate. The format of the budget document can facilitate this debate. This book provides a comprehensive treatment of all aspects of local budgeting needed to develop sound fiscal administration at the local level. Topics covered include fiscal administration, forecasting, fiscal discipline, fiscal transparency, integrity of revenue administration, budget formats, and processes including performance budgeting, and capital budgeting.
Download or read book Fiscal Rules to Tame the Political Budget Cycle written by Lorenzo Forni and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-01-20 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper provides evidence that fiscal rules can limit the political budget cycle. It focuses on the application of the Italian fiscal rule at the sub-national level over the period 2004-2006 and shows that: 1) municipalities are subject to political budget cycles in capital spending; 2) the Italian subnational fiscal rule introduced in 1999 has been enforced by the central government; 3) municipalities subject to the fiscal rule show more limited political budget cycles than municipalities not subject to the rule. In order to identify the effect, we rely on the fact that the domestic fiscal rule does not apply to municipalities below 5,000 inhabitants. We find that the political budget cycle increases real capital spending by about 35 percent on average in the years prior to municipal elections and that the sub-national fiscal rule reduces these figures by about two thirds.
Download or read book Taxation Responsiveness and Accountability in Sub Saharan Africa written by Wilson Prichard and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-09-11 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is increasingly argued that bargaining between citizens and governments over tax collection can provide a foundation for the development of responsive and accountable governance in developing countries. However, while intuitively attractive, surprisingly little research has captured the reality and complexity of this relationship in practice. This book provides the most complete treatment of the connections between taxation and accountability in developing countries, providing both new evidence and an invaluable starting point for future research. Drawing on cross-country econometric evidence and detailed case studies from Ghana, Kenya and Ethiopia, Wilson Prichard shows that reliance on taxation has, in fact, increased responsiveness and accountability by expanding the political power wielded by taxpayers. Critically, however, processes of tax bargaining have been highly varied, frequently long term and contextually contingent. Capturing this diversity provides novel insight into politics in developing countries and how tax reform can be designed to encourage broader governance gains.
Download or read book Finding Common Ground written by Zoltan Hajnal and published by Public Policy Instit. of CA. This book was released on 2001 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Political Cycles in a Developing Economy written by Stuti Khemani and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empirical results from India suggest that politicians exert greater effort in managing public works during election years. Surprisingly, there is no evidence of a populist spending spree to sway voters just before elections.
Download or read book Federal Election Campaign Laws written by United States and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Election Timing written by Alastair Smith and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-07-19 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endogenous election timing allows leaders to schedule elections 'when the time is right'. The author proposes and tests an informational theory of endogenous election timing that explains when leaders call for elections and the consequences of their decisions. In particular, he argues that, if all else is equal, leaders announce elections when they anticipate a decline in their future performance. As a consequence, early elections signal a leader's lack of confidence in future outcomes. The earlier elections occur, relative to expectations, the stronger the signal of demise. Using data on British parliaments since 1945, the author tests hypotheses related to timing of elections, electoral support and subsequent economic performance. Leaders who call elections early (relative to expectations) experience a decline in their popular support relative to pre-announcement levels, experience worse post-electoral performance, and have shorter campaigns.
Download or read book Super PACs written by Louise I. Gerdes and published by Greenhaven Publishing LLC. This book was released on 2014-05-20 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The passage of Citizens United by the Supreme Court in 2010 sparked a renewed debate about campaign spending by large political action committees, or Super PACs. Its ruling said that it is okay for corporations and labor unions to spend as much as they want in advertising and other methods to convince people to vote for or against a candidate. This book provides a wide range of opinions on the issue. Includes primary and secondary sources from a variety of perspectives; eyewitnesses, scientific journals, government officials, and many others.
Download or read book The Electoral College written by William C. Kimberling and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Public Funding of Presidential Elections written by United States. Federal Election Commission and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Political Business Cycles written by Bruno S. Frey and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of articles on how the government influences the economy in order to secure re-election. This book surveys the empirical and major theoretical approaches, such as vote maximization, partisan and vote-cum-partisan models, and rational political business cycles. It provides extensions including the role of the central bank, of direct democracy, and the cycles in European communist countries, as well as discussing policy relevance.
Download or read book Oregon Blue Book written by Oregon. Office of the Secretary of State and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Electoral Management Design written by International IDEA and published by International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA). This book was released on 2014-12-20 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook was developed for electoral administrators and those involved in reforming EMBs. It provides comparative experience of and best practices on EMB structures and funding models, as well as means for evaluating performance. A range of case studies illustrate examples from specific contexts in Afghanistan, Armenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cambodia, Costa Rica, Haiti, India, Kenya, the Republic of Korea, Liberia, Mexico, Nigeria, Norway, Senegal, Republic of Seychelles, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Tunisia, Ukraine, the United Kingdom and the United States. This new and revised edition of the 2006 International IDEA Handbook includes updated country-level data and case studies and significantly expanded sections on the role of gender, professional development and technology in elections.
Download or read book Guidelines for Public Expenditure Management written by Mr.Jack Diamond and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1999-07-01 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, economics training in public finances has focused more on tax than public expenditure issues, and within expenditure, more on policy considerations than the more mundane matters of public expenditure management. For many years, the IMF's Public Expenditure Management Division has answered specific questions raised by fiscal economists on such missions. Based on this experience, these guidelines arose from the need to provide a general overview of the principles and practices observed in three key aspects of public expenditure management: budget preparation, budget execution, and cash planning. For each aspect of public expenditure management, the guidelines identify separately the differing practices in four groups of countries - the francophone systems, the Commonwealth systems, Latin America, and those in the transition economies. Edited by Barry H. Potter and Jack Diamond, this publication is intended for a general fiscal, or a general budget, advisor interested in the macroeconomic dimension of public expenditure management.
Download or read book The Presidential Public Funding Program written by United States. Federal Election Commission and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Financial Determinants in Local Re Election Rates Emerging Research and Opportunities written by Cunha, Ana Maria and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-10-25 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accounting information, on the one hand, allows government officials to obtain better information to support greater decision making, transparency, and accountability. On the other hand, this financial information also allows local citizens more access to knowledge of how public resources are being managed and used by the local government entities. Measuring the pros and cons of this information may determine how certain officials remain in office while others do not. Financial Determinants in Local Re-Election Rates: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a collection of innovative research that assesses whether accounting information and other factors have an impact on electoral results, which in turn impact re-election in local government. While highlighting topics including political financing, voting behavior, and capital spending, this book is ideally designed for political analysts, politicians, government officials, researchers, policymakers, public policy managers, financial analysts, academicians, and students seeking current research on financial information and other factors having an impact on electoral results.