Download or read book Efficient Use of Systems with Many Processors written by Robert J. Chansler and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Efficient Compilation for Application Specific Instruction set DSP Processors with Multi bank Memories written by Joar Sohl and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2015-01-29 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern signal processing systems require more and more processing capacity as times goes on. Previously, large increases in speed and power efficiency have come from process technology improvements. However, lately the gain from process improvements have been greatly reduced. Currently, the way forward for high-performance systems is to use specialized hardware and/or parallel designs. Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) have long been used to accelerate the processing of tasks that are too computationally heavy for more general processors. The problem with ASICs is that they are costly to develop and verify, and the product life time can be limited with newer standards. Since they are very specific the applicable domain is very narrow. More general processors are more flexible and can easily adapt to perform the functions of ASIC based designs. However, the generality comes with a performance cost that renders general designs unusable for some tasks. The question then becomes, how general can a processor be while still being power efficient and fast enough for some particular domain? Application Specific Instruction set Processors (ASIPs) are processors that target a specific application domain, and can offer enough performance with power efficiency and silicon cost that is comparable to ASICs. The flexibility allows for the same hardware design to be used over several system designs, and also for multiple functions in the same system, if some functions are not used simultaneously. One problem with ASIPs is that they are more difficult to program than a general purpose processor, given that we want efficient software. Utilizing all of the features that give an ASIP its performance advantage can be difficult at times, and new tools and methods for programming them are needed. This thesis will present ePUMA (embedded Parallel DSP platform with Unique Memory Access), an ASIP architecture that targets algorithms with predictable data access. These kinds of algorithms are very common in e.g. baseband processing or multimedia applications. The primary focus will be on the specific features of ePUMA that are utilized to achieve high performance, and how it is possible to automatically utilize them using tools. The most significant features include data permutation for conflict-free data access, and utilization of address generation features for overhead free code execution. This sometimes requires specific information; for example the exact sequences of addresses in memory that are accessed, or that some operations may be performed in parallel. This is not always available when writing code using the traditional way with traditional languages, e.g. C, as extracting this information is still a very active research topic. In the near future at least, the way that software is written needs to change to exploit all hardware features, but in many cases in a positive way. Often the problem with current methods is that code is overly specific, and that a more general abstractions are actually easier to generate code from.

Download or read book Large scale Distributed Systems and Energy Efficiency written by Jean-Marc Pierson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-03-05 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addresses innovations in technology relating to the energy efficiency of a wide variety of contemporary computer systems and networks With concerns about global energy consumption at an all-time high, improving computer networks energy efficiency is becoming an increasingly important topic. Large-Scale Distributed Systems and Energy Efficiency: A Holistic View addresses innovations in technology relating to the energy efficiency of a wide variety of contemporary computer systems and networks. After an introductory overview of the energy demands of current Information and Communications Technology (ICT), individual chapters offer in-depth analyses of such topics as cloud computing, green networking (both wired and wireless), mobile computing, power modeling, the rise of green data centers and high-performance computing, resource allocation, and energy efficiency in peer-to-peer (P2P) computing networks. Discusses measurement and modeling of the energy consumption method Includes methods for energy consumption reduction in diverse computing environments Features a variety of case studies and examples of energy reduction and assessment Timely and important, Large-Scale Distributed Systems and Energy Efficiency is an invaluable resource for ways of increasing the energy efficiency of computing systems and networks while simultaneously reducing the carbon footprint.

Download or read book Multi Processor System on Chip 1 written by Liliana Andrade and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-03-24 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Multi-Processor System-on-Chip (MPSoC) is the key component for complex applications. These applications put huge pressure on memory, communication devices and computing units. This book, presented in two volumes – Architectures and Applications – therefore celebrates the 20th anniversary of MPSoC, an interdisciplinary forum that focuses on multi-core and multi-processor hardware and software systems. It is this interdisciplinarity which has led to MPSoC bringing together experts in these fields from around the world, over the last two decades. Multi-Processor System-on-Chip 1 covers the key components of MPSoC: processors, memory, interconnect and interfaces. It describes advance features of these components and technologies to build efficient MPSoC architectures. All the main components are detailed: use of memory and their technology, communication support and consistency, and specific processor architectures for general purposes or for dedicated applications.

Download or read book Parallel Programming written by Thomas Rauber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-13 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovations in hardware architecture, like hyper-threading or multicore processors, mean that parallel computing resources are available for inexpensive desktop computers. In only a few years, many standard software products will be based on concepts of parallel programming implemented on such hardware, and the range of applications will be much broader than that of scientific computing, up to now the main application area for parallel computing. Rauber and Rünger take up these recent developments in processor architecture by giving detailed descriptions of parallel programming techniques that are necessary for developing efficient programs for multicore processors as well as for parallel cluster systems and supercomputers. Their book is structured in three main parts, covering all areas of parallel computing: the architecture of parallel systems, parallel programming models and environments, and the implementation of efficient application algorithms. The emphasis lies on parallel programming techniques needed for different architectures. For this second edition, all chapters have been carefully revised. The chapter on architecture of parallel systems has been updated considerably, with a greater emphasis on the architecture of multicore systems and adding new material on the latest developments in computer architecture. Lastly, a completely new chapter on general-purpose GPUs and the corresponding programming techniques has been added. The main goal of the book is to present parallel programming techniques that can be used in many situations for a broad range of application areas and which enable the reader to develop correct and efficient parallel programs. Many examples and exercises are provided to show how to apply the techniques. The book can be used as both a textbook for students and a reference book for professionals. The material presented has been used for courses in parallel programming at different universities for many years.

Download or read book Energy Efficient High Performance Processors written by Jawad Haj-Yahya and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-22 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores energy efficiency techniques for high-performance computing (HPC) systems using power-management methods. Adopting a step-by-step approach, it describes power-management flows, algorithms and mechanism that are employed in modern processors such as Intel Sandy Bridge, Haswell, Skylake and other architectures (e.g. ARM). Further, it includes practical examples and recent studies demonstrating how modem processors dynamically manage wide power ranges, from a few milliwatts in the lowest idle power state, to tens of watts in turbo state. Moreover, the book explains how thermal and power deliveries are managed in the context this huge power range. The book also discusses the different metrics for energy efficiency, presents several methods and applications of the power and energy estimation, and shows how by using innovative power estimation methods and new algorithms modern processors are able to optimize metrics such as power, energy, and performance. Different power estimation tools are presented, including tools that break down the power consumption of modern processors at sub-processor core/thread granularity. The book also investigates software, firmware and hardware coordination methods of reducing power consumption, for example a compiler-assisted power management method to overcome power excursions. Lastly, it examines firmware algorithms for dynamic cache resizing and dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) for memory sub-systems.

Download or read book The Definitive Guide to ARM Cortex M0 and Cortex M0 Processors written by Joseph Yiu and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 779 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Definitive Guide to the ARM® Cortex®-M0 and Cortex-M0+ Processors, Second Edition explains the architectures underneath ARM’s Cortex-M0 and Cortex-M0+ processors and their programming techniques. Written by ARM’s Senior Embedded Technology Manager, Joseph Yiu, the book is packed with examples on how to use the features in the Cortex-M0 and Cortex-M0+ processors. It provides detailed information on the instruction set architecture, how to use a number of popular development suites, an overview of the software development flow, and information on how to locate problems in the program code and software porting. This new edition includes the differences between the Cortex-M0 and Cortex-M0+ processors such as architectural features (e.g. unprivileged execution level, vector table relocation), new chapters on low power designs and the Memory Protection Unit (MPU), the benefits of the Cortex-M0+ processor, such as the new single cycle I/O interface, higher energy efficiency, better performance and the Micro Trace Buffer (MTB) feature, updated software development tools, updated Real Time Operating System examples using KeilTM RTX with CMSIS-RTOS APIs, examples of using various Cortex-M0 and Cortex-M0+ based microcontrollers, and much more. Provides detailed information on ARM® Cortex®-M0 and Cortex-M0+ Processors, including their architectures, programming model, instruction set, and interrupt handling Presents detailed information on the differences between the Cortex-M0 and Cortex-M0+ processors Covers software development flow, including examples for various development tools in both C and assembly languages Includes in-depth coverage of design approaches and considerations for developing ultra low power embedded systems, the benchmark for energy efficiency in microcontrollers, and examples of utilizing low power features in microcontrollers

Download or read book Design of Energy Efficient Application Specific Instruction Set Processors written by Tilman Glökler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After a brief introduction to low-power VLSI design, the design space of ASIP instruction set architectures (ISAs) is introduced with a special focus on important features for digital signal processing. Based on the degrees of freedom offered by this design space, a consistent ASIP design flow is proposed: this design flow starts with a given application and uses incremental optimization of the ASIP hardware, of ASIP coprocessors and of the ASIP software by using a top-down approach and by applying application-specific modifications on all levels of design hierarchy. A broad range of real-world signal processing applications serves as vehicle to illustrate each design decision and provides a hands-on approach to ASIP design. Finally, two complete case studies demonstrate the feasibility and the efficiency of the proposed methodology and quantitatively evaluate the benefits of ASIPs in an industrial context.

Download or read book Efficient Petrochemical Processes written by Frank (Xin X.) Zhu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-10-15 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A GUIDE TO THE DESIGN, OPERATION, CONTROL, TROUBLESHOOTING, OPTIMIZATION AS WELL AS THE RECENT ADVANCES IN THE FIELD OF PETROCHEMICAL PROCESSES Efficient Petrochemical Processes: Technology, Design and Operation is a guide to the tools and methods for energy optimization and process design. Written by a panel of experts on the topic, the book highlights the application of these methods on petrochemical technology such as the aromatics process unit. The authors describe practical approaches and tools that focus on improving industrial energy efficiency, reducing capital investment, and optimizing yields through better design, operation, and optimization. The text is divided into sections that cover the range of essential topics: petrochemical technology description; process design considerations; reaction and separation design; process integration; process system optimization; types of revamps; equipment assessment; common operating issues; and troubleshooting case analysis. This important book: Provides the basic knowledge related to fundamentals, design, and operation for petrochemical processes Applies process integration techniques and optimization techniques that improve process design and operations in the petrochemical process Provides practical methods and tools for industrial practitioners Puts the focus on improving industrial energy efficiency, reducing capital investment, and optimizing yields Contains information on the most recent advances in the field. Written for managers, engineers, and operators working in process industries as well as university students, Efficient Petrochemical Processes: Technology, Design and Operation explains the most recent advances in the field of petrochemical processes and discusses in detail catalytic and adsorbent materials, reaction and separation mechanisms.

Download or read book CESAR Cost efficient Methods and Processes for Safety relevant Embedded Systems written by Ajitha Rajan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-25 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book summarizes the findings and contributions of the European ARTEMIS project, CESAR, for improving and enabling interoperability of methods, tools, and processes to meet the demands in embedded systems development across four domains - avionics, automotive, automation, and rail. The contributions give insight to an improved engineering and safety process life-cycle for the development of safety critical systems. They present new concept of engineering tools integration platform to improve the development of safety critical embedded systems and illustrate capacity of this framework for end-user instantiation to specific domain needs and processes. They also advance state-of-the-art in component-based development as well as component and system validation and verification, with tool support. And finally they describe industry relevant evaluated processes and methods especially designed for the embedded systems sector as well as easy adoptable common interoperability principles for software tool integration.

Download or read book Technologies for Electrical Power Conversion Efficiency and Distribution Methods and Processes written by Antchev, Mihail and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2009-12-31 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book presents an overall description of electrical energy conversion technologies and required power electronic converters"--Provided by publisher.

Download or read book Energy Efficiency of Manufacturing Processes and Systems written by Konstantinos Salonitis and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-11-09 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue addresses the important issue of the energy efficiency of both manufacturing processes and systems. Manufacturing is responsible for one-third of global energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Thus, improving the energy efficiency of production has been the focus of research in recent years. Energy efficiency has begun to be considered as one of the key decision-making attributes for manufacturing. This book includes recent studies on methods for the measurement of energy efficiency, tools and techniques for the analysis and development of improvements with regards to energy consumption, modeling and simulation of energy efficiency, and the integration of green and lean manufacturing. This book presents a breadth of relevant information, material, and knowledge to support research, policy-making, practices, and experience transferability to address the issues of energy efficiency.

Download or read book Eco efficiency of Grinding Processes and Systems written by Marius Winter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-21 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research monograph aims at presenting an integrated assessment approach to describe, model, evaluate and improve the eco-efficiency of existing and new grinding processes and systems. Various combinations of grinding process parameters and system configurations can be evaluated based on the eco-efficiency. The book presents the novel concept of empirical and physical modeling of technological, economic and environmental impact indicators. This includes the integrated evaluation of different grinding process and system scenarios. The book is a valuable read for research experts and practitioners in the field of eco-efficiency of manufacturing processes but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students.

Download or read book Energy Efficient Communication Processors written by Robert Fasthuber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-29 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes a new design approach for energy-efficient, Domain-Specific Instruction set Processor (DSIP) architectures for the wireless baseband domain. The innovative techniques presented enable co-design of algorithms, architectures and technology, for efficient implementation of the most advanced technologies. To demonstrate the feasibility of the author’s design approach, case studies are included for crucial functionality of advanced wireless systems with increased computational performance, flexibility and reusability. Designers using this approach will benefit from reduced development/product costs and greater scalability to future process technology nodes.

Download or read book Prediction Strategies for Power aware Computing on Multicore Processors written by Karan Singh and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diminishing performance returns and increasing power consumption of single-threaded processors have made chip multiprocessors (CMPs) an industry imperative. Unfortunately, low power efficiency and bottlenecks in shared hardware structures can prevent optimal use when running multiple sequential programs. Furthermore, for multithreaded programs, adding a core may harm performance and increase power consumption. To better use otherwise limitedly beneficial cores, software components such as hypervisors and operating systems can be provided with estimates of application performance and power consumption. They can use this information to improve system-wide performance and reliability. Estimating power consumption can also be useful for hardware and software developers. However, obtaining processor and system power consumption information can be nontrivial. First, we present a predictive approach for real-time, per-core power estimation on a CMP. We analytically derive functions for real-time estimation of processor and system power consumption using performance counter and temperature data on real hardware. Our model uses data gathered from microbenchmarks that capture potential application behavior. The model is independent of our test benchmarks, and thus we expect it to be well suited for future applications. For chip multiprocessors, we achieve median error of 3.8% on an AMD quad-core CMP, 2.0% on an Intel quad-core CMP, and 2.8% on an Intel eight-core CMP. We implement the same approach inside an Intel XScale simulator and achieve median error of 1.3%. Next, we introduce and evaluate an approach to throttling concurrency in parallel programs dynamically. We throttle concurrency to levels with higher predicted efficiency using artificial neural networks (ANNs). One advantage of using ANNs over similar techniques previously explored is that the training phase is greatly simplified, thereby reducing the burden on the end user. We effectively identify energy efficient concurrency levels in multithreaded scientific applications on an Intel quad-core CMP. We improve the energy efficiency for many of our applications by predicting more favorable number and placement of threads at runtime, and improve the average ED 2 by 17.2% and 22.6% on an Intel quad-core and an Intel eight-core CMP, respectively. Last, we propose a framework that combines both approaches. With the impending shift to many-core architectures, systems need information on power and energy for more energy-efficient use of all cores. Any approach utilizing this framework also needs to be scalable to many cores. We implement an infrastructure that can schedule for power efficiency for a given power envelope, and/or a given thermal envelope. We expect the framework to scale well with number of cores. We perform experiments on quad-core and eight-core platforms. We schedule for better power efficiency by suspending or slowing down (via DVFS) single-threaded programs, or throttling concurrency for multithreaded programs. We utilize the per-core power predictor to schedule applications to remain under a given power envelope. We modify the scheduler policies to take advantage of all power saving options to enforce the power envelope, while minimizing performance loss.

Download or read book Signal written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Efficiency of Manufacturing Processes written by Wen Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-13 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph presents a reliable methodology for characterising the energy and eco-efficiency of unit manufacturing processes. The Specific Energy Consumption, SEC, will be identified as the key indicator for the energy efficiency of unit processes. An empirical approach will be validated on different machine tools and manufacturing processes to depict the relationship between process parameters and energy consumptions. Statistical results and additional validation runs will corroborate the high level of accuracy in predicting the energy consumption. In relation to the eco-efficiency, the value and the associated environmental impacts of manufacturing processes will also be discussed. The interrelationship between process parameters, process value and the associated environmental impact will be integrated in the evaluation of eco-efficiency. The book concludes with a further investigation of the results in order to develop strategies for further efficiency improvement. The target audience primarily comprises researchers and experts in the field, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students.