Download or read book Efficient simulation of caches under optimal replacement with applications to miss characterization written by Rabin. A. Sugumar and published by . This book was released on with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fast Simulation of Computer Architectures written by Thomas M. Conte and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapters in Fast Simulation of Computer Architectures cover topics such as how to collect traces, emulate instruction sets, simulate microprocessors using execution-driven techniques, evaluate memory hierarchies, apply statistical sampling to simulation, and how to augment simulation with performance bound models. The chapters have been written by many of the leading researchers in the area, in a collaboration that ensures that the material is both coherent and cohesive. Audience: Of tremendous interest to practising computer architect designers seeking timely solutions to tough evaluation problems, and to advanced upper division undergraduate and graduate students of the field. Useful study aids are provided by the problems at the end of Chapters 2 through 8.
Download or read book Computer Architecture Performance Evaluation Methods written by Lieven Eeckhout and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Performance evaluation is at the foundation of computer architecture research and development. Contemporary microprocessors are so complex that architects cannot design systems based on intuition and simple models only. Adequate performance evaluation methods are absolutely crucial to steer the research and development process in the right direction. However, rigorous performance evaluation is non-trivial as there are multiple aspects to performance evaluation, such as picking workloads, selecting an appropriate modeling or simulation approach, running the model and interpreting the results using meaningful metrics. Each of these aspects is equally important and a performance evaluation method that lacks rigor in any of these crucial aspects may lead to inaccurate performance data and may drive research and development in a wrong direction. The goal of this book is to present an overview of the current state-of-the-art in computer architecture performance evaluation, with a special emphasis on methods for exploring processor architectures. The book focuses on fundamental concepts and ideas for obtaining accurate performance data. The book covers various topics in performance evaluation, ranging from performance metrics, to workload selection, to various modeling approaches including mechanistic and empirical modeling. And because simulation is by far the most prevalent modeling technique, more than half the book's content is devoted to simulation. The book provides an overview of the simulation techniques in the computer designer's toolbox, followed by various simulation acceleration techniques including sampled simulation, statistical simulation, parallel simulation and hardware-accelerated simulation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Performance Metrics / Workload Design / Analytical Performance Modeling / Simulation / Sampled Simulation / Statistical Simulation / Parallel Simulation and Hardware Acceleration / Concluding Remarks
Download or read book Performance Evaluation and Benchmarking with Realistic Applications written by Rudolf Eigenmann and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book discusses rationales for creating and updating benchmarks, the use of benchmarks in academic research, benchmarking methodologies, the relation of SPEC benchmarks to other benchmarking activities, shortcomings of current benchmarks, and the need for further benchmarking efforts. Performance evaluation and benchmarking are of concern to all computer-related disciplines. A benchmark is a standard program or set of programs that can be run on different computers to give an accurate measure of their performance. This book covers a variety of aspects of computer performance evaluation, with a focus on Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation (SPEC) benchmarks. SPEC is a nonprofit organization whose members represent industry, academia, and other organizations. The book discusses rationales for creating and updating benchmarks, the use of benchmarks in academic research, benchmarking methodologies, the relation of SPEC benchmarks to other benchmarking activities, shortcomings of current benchmarks, and the need for further benchmarking efforts. Contributors Brian Armstrong, Frederica Darema, Edward S. Davidson, Sylvia Dieckmann, Jozo J. Dujmovic, Rudolf Eigenmann, J. Kelly Flanagan, Greg Gaertner, Jonathan Geisler, John Gustafson, Urs Hölzle, Shih-Hao Hung, Kathryn S. McKinley, Reinhard Riedl, Faisal Saied, Frank Sorenson, Mark Straka, Valerie Taylor, Olivier Temam, Rajat Todi, Reinhold Weicker
Download or read book Advances in Computer Systems Architecture written by Chris Jesshope and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-08-31 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th Asia-Pacific Computer Systems Architecture Conference, ACSAC 2006. The book presents 60 revised full papers together with 3 invited lectures, addressing such issues as processor and network design, reconfigurable computing and operating systems, and low-level design issues in both hardware and systems. Coverage includes large and significant computer-based infrastructure projects, the challenges of stricter budgets in power dissipation, and more.
Download or read book Building ASIPs The Mescal Methodology written by Matthias Gries and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-01 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An increasing number of system designers are using ASIP’s rather than ASIC’s to implement their system solutions. Building ASIPs: The Mescal Methodology gives a simple but comprehensive methodology for the design of these application-specific instruction processors (ASIPs). The key elements of this methodology are: Judiciously using benchmarking Inclusively identifying the architectural space Efficiently describing and evaluating the ASIPs Comprehensively exploring the design space Successfully deploying the ASIP This book includes demonstrations of applications of the methodologies using the Tipi research framework as well as state-of-the-art commercial toolsets from CoWare and Tensilica.
Download or read book Computer Architecture written by John L. Hennessy and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-05-29 with total page 1133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This best-selling title, considered for over a decade to be essential reading for every serious student and practitioner of computer design, has been updated throughout to address the most important trends facing computer designers today. In this edition, the authors bring their trademark method of quantitative analysis not only to high performance desktop machine design, but also to the design of embedded and server systems. They have illustrated their principles with designs from all three of these domains, including examples from consumer electronics, multimedia and web technologies, and high performance computing. The book retains its highly rated features: Fallacies and Pitfalls, which share the hard-won lessons of real designers; Historical Perspectives, which provide a deeper look at computer design history; Putting it all Together, which present a design example that illustrates the principles of the chapter; Worked Examples, which challenge the reader to apply the concepts, theories and methods in smaller scale problems; and Cross-Cutting Issues, which show how the ideas covered in one chapter interact with those presented in others. In addition, a new feature, Another View, presents brief design examples in one of the three domains other than the one chosen for Putting It All Together. The authors present a new organization of the material as well, reducing the overlap with their other text, Computer Organization and Design: A Hardware/Software Approach 2/e, and offering more in-depth treatment of advanced topics in multithreading, instruction level parallelism, VLIW architectures, memory hierarchies, storage devices and network technologies. Also new to this edition, is the adoption of the MIPS 64 as the instruction set architecture. In addition to several online appendixes, two new appendixes will be printed in the book: one contains a complete review of the basic concepts of pipelining, the other provides solutions a selection of the exercises. Both will be invaluable to the student or professional learning on her own or in the classroom. Hennessy and Patterson continue to focus on fundamental techniques for designing real machines and for maximizing their cost/performance. * Presents state-of-the-art design examples including: * IA-64 architecture and its first implementation, the Itanium * Pipeline designs for Pentium III and Pentium IV * The cluster that runs the Google search engine * EMC storage systems and their performance * Sony Playstation 2 * Infiniband, a new storage area and system area network * SunFire 6800 multiprocessor server and its processor the UltraSPARC III * Trimedia TM32 media processor and the Transmeta Crusoe processor * Examines quantitative performance analysis in the commercial server market and the embedded market, as well as the traditional desktop market. Updates all the examples and figures with the most recent benchmarks, such as SPEC 2000. * Expands coverage of instruction sets to include descriptions of digital signal processors, media processors, and multimedia extensions to desktop processors. * Analyzes capacity, cost, and performance of disks over two decades. Surveys the role of clusters in scientific computing and commercial computing. * Presents a survey, taxonomy, and the benchmarks of errors and failures in computer systems. * Presents detailed descriptions of the design of storage systems and of clusters. * Surveys memory hierarchies in modern microprocessors and the key parameters of modern disks. * Presents a glossary of networking terms.
Download or read book Compiler Construction written by Alan Mycroft and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-21 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Compiler Construction, CC 2006, held in March 2006 as part of ETAPS. The 17 revised full papers presented together with three tool demonstration papers and one invited paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 71 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections.
Download or read book Algorithms for Memory Hierarchies written by Ulrich Meyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-04-07 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Algorithms that have to process large data sets have to take into account that the cost of memory access depends on where the data is stored. Traditional algorithm design is based on the von Neumann model where accesses to memory have uniform cost. Actual machines increasingly deviate from this model: while waiting for memory access, nowadays, microprocessors can in principle execute 1000 additions of registers; for hard disk access this factor can reach six orders of magnitude. The 16 coherent chapters in this monograph-like tutorial book introduce and survey algorithmic techniques used to achieve high performance on memory hierarchies; emphasis is placed on methods interesting from a theoretical as well as important from a practical point of view.
Download or read book Proceedings of the ACM SIGMETRICS Conference on Measurement and Modeling of Computer Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High Performance Memory Systems written by Haldun Hadimioglu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The State of Memory Technology Over the past decade there has been rapid growth in the speed of micropro cessors. CPU speeds are approximately doubling every eighteen months, while main memory speed doubles about every ten years. The International Tech nology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) study suggests that memory will remain on its current growth path. The ITRS short-and long-term targets indicate continued scaling improvements at about the current rate by 2016. This translates to bit densities increasing at two times every two years until the introduction of 8 gigabit dynamic random access memory (DRAM) chips, after which densities will increase four times every five years. A similar growth pattern is forecast for other high-density chip areas and high-performance logic (e.g., microprocessors and application specific inte grated circuits (ASICs)). In the future, molecular devices, 64 gigabit DRAMs and 28 GHz clock signals are targeted. Although densities continue to grow, we still do not see significant advances that will improve memory speed. These trends have created a problem that has been labeled the Memory Wall or Memory Gap.
Download or read book Multi configuration Simulation Algorithms for the Evaluation of Computer Architecture Designs written by Rabin Andrew Sugumar and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: "In computer architecture design, a number of candidate design are simulated on representative workloads, and the most satisfactory design in terms of cost and performance is chosen. This simulation process is time-consuming, especially memory hierarchy simulation, and is a bottleneck in architectural design. In this thesis the multi-configuration simulation approach is adopted for speeding up the simulation process. This approach is based on the observation that the behavior of adjacent design configurations is largely similar, and that the similarity may be exploited to reduce simulation work; significant reductions in simulation time are obtained by a synergistic simulation of many design configurations. A suite of multi-configuration simulation algorithms is developed for memory hierarchy simulation. The suite includes 1. An algorithm for set-associative cache simulation based on a new data structure (the generalized binomial tree) which runs about two times faster than earlier algorithms. 2. An algorithm for direct mapped cache simulation based on a novel tag inclusion property which also gives a factor of two improvement over an earlier algorithm. 3. An innovative limited lookahead algorithm with stack repair for simulating the OPT replacement strategy in caches. 4. Novel multi-configuration simulation algorithms for write-buffers. A simulation package, Cheetah, based on these algorithms has been developed and used in the following modeling and optimization studies. First, a new model, the OPT model, is introduced for classifying cache misses. Unlike earlier models, the OPT model accounts for misses resulting from sub-optimal replacement policies used in practical caches. Experimental characterizations based on the OPT model of the cache misses occurring in the SPEC benchmarks are then presented. The results demonstrate that the replacement policy contributes to a significant fraction of cache misses. Second, the hit-miss and reuse behavior of individual load/store instructions of the SPEC benchmarks are profiled. The profiles show that a small number of instructions contribute to a large percentage of the misses. By scheduling the instructions that miss to hide latency, a factor of three improvement is demonstrated for loop-dominated code. By partially controlling cache replacement using the profile information on data reuse up to a 20% reduction in miss ratio is demonstrated."
Download or read book Advances in Computers written by Marvin Zelkowitz and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-05-26 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Computers covers new developments in computer technology. Most chapters present an overview of a current subfield within computer science, with many citations, and often include new developments in the field by the authors of the individual chapters. Topics include hardware, software, theoretical underpinnings of computing, and novel applications of computers. This current volume emphasizes architectural issues in the design of new hardware and software system. An architectural design evaluation process is described that allows developers to make sure that their source programs adhere to the architectural design of the specifications. This greatly aids in the maintenance of the system. Telecommunications issues are covered from the impact of new technology to security of wireless systems. Quantum computing, an exciting development that may greatly increase the speed of present computers, is described. The book series is a valuable addition to university courses that emphasize the topics under discussion in that particular volume as well as belonging on the bookshelf of industrial practitioners who need to implement many of the technologies that are described. In-depth surveys and tutorials on new computer technology Well-known authors and researchers in the field Extensive bibliographies with most chapters All chapters discuss aspects of architectural design of new hardware and software Quantum computing is an exciting new prospect for future machine design
Download or read book Performance Evaluation and Benchmarking written by Lizy Kurian John and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computer and microprocessor architectures are advancing at an astounding pace. However, increasing demands on performance coupled with a wide variety of specialized operating environments act to slow this pace by complicating the performance evaluation process. Carefully balancing efficiency and accuracy is key to avoid slowdowns, and such a balance can be achieved with an in-depth understanding of the available evaluation methodologies. Performance Evaluation and Benchmarking outlines a variety of evaluation methods and benchmark suites, considering their strengths, weaknesses, and when each is appropriate to use. Following a general overview of important performance analysis techniques, the book surveys contemporary benchmark suites for specific areas, such as Java, embedded systems, CPUs, and Web servers. Subsequent chapters explain how to choose appropriate averages for reporting metrics and provide a detailed treatment of statistical methods, including a summary of statistics, how to apply statistical sampling for simulation, how to apply SimPoint, and a comprehensive overview of statistical simulation. The discussion then turns to benchmark subsetting methodologies and the fundamentals of analytical modeling, including queuing models and Petri nets. Three chapters devoted to hardware performance counters conclude the book. Supplying abundant illustrations, examples, and case studies, Performance Evaluation and Benchmarking offers a firm foundation in evaluation methods along with up-to-date techniques that are necessary to develop next-generation architectures.
Download or read book ACM Transactions on Computer Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selective Victim Caching written by Dimitrios Stiliadis and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
