Download or read book Efficiency Upgrades and Partial Carbon Capture for Coal Fired Power Plants written by Deborah M. B. Adams and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coal Power Plants written by U. s. Government Accountability Office and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2012-08-10 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal power plants generate about half of the United States' electricity and are expected to remain a key energy source. Coal power plants also account for about one-third of the nation's emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2 ), the primary greenhouse gas that experts believe contributes to climate change. Current regulatory efforts and proposed legislation that seek to reduce CO2 emissions could affect coal power plants. Two key technologies show potential for reducing CO2 emissions: (1) carbon capture and storage (CCS), which involves capturing and storing CO2 in geologic formations, and (2) plant efficiency improvements that allow plants to use less coal. The Department of Energy (DOE) plays a key role in accelerating the commercial availability of these technologies and devoted more than $600 million to them in fiscal year 2009. Congress asked GAO to examine (1) the maturity of these technologies; (2) their potential for commercial use, and any challenges to their use; and (3) possible implications of deploying these technologies. To conduct this work, GAO reviewed reports and interviewed stakeholders with expertise in coal technologies. DOE does not systematically assess the maturity of key coal technologies, but GAO found consensus among stakeholders that CCS is less mature than efficiency technologies. Specifically, DOE does not use a standard set of benchmarks or terms to describe the maturity of technologies, limiting its ability to provide key information to Congress, utilities, and other stakeholders. This lack of information limits congressional oversight of DOE's expenditures on these efforts, and it hampers policymakers' efforts to gauge the maturity of these technologies as they consider climate change policies. In the absence of this information from DOE, GAO interviewed stakeholders with expertise in CCS or efficiency technologies to identify their views on the maturity of these technologies. Stakeholders told GAO that while components of CCS have been used commercially in other industries, their application remains at a small scale in coal power plants, with only one fully integrated CCS project operating at a coal plant. Efficiency technologies, on the other hand, are in wider commercial use. Use of both technologies is, however, contingent on overcoming a variety of economic, technical, and legal challenges. In particular, with respect to CCS, stakeholders highlighted the large costs to install and operate current CCS technologies, the fact that large scale demonstration of CCS is needed in coal plants, and the lack of a national carbon policy to reduce CO2 emissions or a legal framework to govern liability for the permanent storage of large amounts of CO2. With respect to efficiency improvements, stakeholders highlighted the high cost to build or upgrade such coal plants, the fact that some upgrades require highly technical materials, and plant operators' concerns that changes to the existing fleet of coal power plants could trigger additional regulatory requirements. CCS technologies offer more potential to reduce CO2 emissions than efficiency improvements alone, and both could raise electricity costs and have other effects. Most stakeholders told GAO that CCS would increase electricity costs, and some reports estimate that current CCS technologies would increase electricity costs by about 30 to 80 percent at plants using these technologies. DOE has also reported that CCS could increase water consumption at power plants. Efficiency improvements offer more potential for near term reductions in CO2 emissions, but they cannot reduce CO2 emissions from a coal plant to the same extent as CCS. GAO recommends that DOE develop a standard set of benchmarks to gauge and report to Congress on the maturity of key technologies. In commenting on a draft of this report, DOE concurred with our recommendation.
Download or read book Improving the Efficiency of Coal fired Power Plants written by Roland Ludovic and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal has long been the major fossil fuel used to produce electricity. However, coal-fired electric power plants are one of the largest sources of air pollution in the United States, with greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from burning of fossil fuels believed to be the major contributor to global climate change. Regulations under development at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) would impose new requirements on fossil-fuelled (mostly coal-fired) power plants (CFPPs) to control GHG emissions. This book focuses on efficiency improvements to power plants, and discusses retrofits, technologies, and other modifications to facility operations which offer the potential to improve power plant efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions.
Download or read book EPA s Proposed Carbon Dioxide Regulations for Power Plants written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Energy and Power and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coal Power Plants written by U.s. Government Accountability Office and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-08-10 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Coal power plants generate about half of the United States' electricity and are expected to remain a key energy source. Coal power plants also account for about one-third of the nation's emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2 ), the primary greenhouse gas that experts believe contributes to climate change. Current regulatory efforts and proposed legislation that seek to reduce CO2 emissions could affect coal power plants. Two key technologies show potential for reducing CO2 emissions: (1) carbon capture and storage (CCS), which involves capturing and storing CO2 in geologic formations, and (2) plant efficiency improvements that allow plants to use less coal. The Department of Energy (DOE) plays a key role in accelerating the commercial availability of these technologies and devoted more than $600 million to them in fiscal year 2009. Congress asked GAO to examine (1) the maturity of these technologies; (2) their potential for commercial use, and any challenges to their use; and (3) possible implications of deploying these technologies. To conduct this work, GAO reviewed reports and interviewed stakeholders with expertise in coal technologies. "
Download or read book The Future of Coal Under Carbon Cap and Trade written by United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prospects for Advanced Coal Technologies written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Energy and Environment and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Displacing Coal with Generation from Existing Natural Gas Fired Power Plants written by Stan M. Kaplan and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reducing carbon dioxide emissions from coal plants can cut greenhouse gas emissions. One option is to replace some coal power with natural gas (NG) generation, a low carbon source of electricity, by increasing the power output from underutilized NG plants. This report provides an overview of the issues. Contents: (1) Intro.; (2) Background on Gas-Fired Generation and Capacity: Trends; Factors Supporting the Boom in Gas-Fired Plant Construction; Carbon Dioxide Emissions; (3) Coal Displacement Feasibility Issues; Estimates of Displaceable Coal-Fired Generation and Emissions; Transmission System Factors; Long-Distance Transmission Capacity; Transmission System Congestion; NG Supply and Price; NG Transport. and Storage.
Download or read book Coal Fired Power Generation Handbook written by James G. Speight and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-02-17 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal accounts for approximately one quarter of world energy consumption and of the coal produced worldwide approximately 65% is shipped to electricity producers and 33% to industrial consumers, with most of the remainder going to consumers in the residential and commercial sectors. The total share of total world energy consumption by coal is expected to increase to almost 30% in 2035. This book describes the challenges and steps by which electricity is produced form coal and deals with the challenges for removing the environmental objections to the use of coal in future power plants. New technologies are described that could virtually eliminate the sulfur, nitrogen, and mercury pollutants that are released when coal is burned for electricity generation. In addition, technologies for the capture greenhouse gases emitted from coal-fired power plants are described and the means of preventing such emissions from contributing to global warming concerns. Written by one of the world’s leading energy experts, this volume is a must-have for any engineer, scientist, or student working in this field, providing a valuable reference and guide in a quickly changing field.
Download or read book Coal Power Plants written by Mark Gaffigan and published by . This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal power plants generate about half of the U.S.¿s electricity; they also account for about one-third of the nation's emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2 ), the primary greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change. Current regulatory efforts and proposed legislation that seek to reduce CO2 emissions could affect coal power plants. Two key technologies show potential for reducing CO2 emissions: (1) carbon capture and storage, which involves capturing and storing CO2 in geologic formations; and (2) plant efficiency improvements that allow plants to use less coal. This report examined: (1) the maturity of these technologies; (2) their potential for commercial use; and (3) possible implications of deploying these technologies. Illustrations.
Download or read book Coal Gasification Technologies and the Need for Large Scale Projects written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Innovation and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Hydrogen Economy written by National Academy of Engineering and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-09-05 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The announcement of a hydrogen fuel initiative in the President's 2003 State of the Union speech substantially increased interest in the potential for hydrogen to play a major role in the nation's long-term energy future. Prior to that event, DOE asked the National Research Council to examine key technical issues about the hydrogen economy to assist in the development of its hydrogen R&D program. Included in the assessment were the current state of technology; future cost estimates; CO2 emissions; distribution, storage, and end use considerations; and the DOE RD&D program. The report provides an assessment of hydrogen as a fuel in the nation's future energy economy and describes a number of important challenges that must be overcome if it is to make a major energy contribution. Topics covered include the hydrogen end-use technologies, transportation, hydrogen production technologies, and transition issues for hydrogen in vehicles.
Download or read book Clean and Efficient Coal fired Power Plants written by Heinz Termuehlen and published by American Society of Mechanical Engineers. This book was released on 2003 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the evolution toward advanced coal-fired power plants. Advanced power plants with an efficiency level of 45% are today commercially available and even more efficient plants are in their development phase. Considering that presently many pulverized coal-fired power plants operate with an efficiency of about 32%, an improvement of more than 40% specific coal consumption and CO2 discharge can be achieved. Before trying to apply as a secondary measure the use of carbon sequestration, it seems that this 40% specific CO2 discharge reduction as a primary measure can much easier be achieved. The effect of power generation on the environment can be drastically improved by the use of flue gas cleanup systems in advanced pulverized coal-fired power plants (SO2 emission reduction from 40 to 1.4 lb/MWh and NOx emission reduction from 7.5 to 0.64 lb/MWh). With an increased number of coal-fired plants, CO2 discharge and emissions can be reduced, even with an increase of electric power generation in the US by 38% over the next 20 years. Even though the book concentrates on pulverized coal-fired power plants, it also discusses and compares other options like fluidized-bed combustion and coal gasification.
Download or read book Carbon Capture and Sequestration written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Energy and Air Quality and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To achieve goals for climate and economic growth, "negative emissions technologies" (NETs) that remove and sequester carbon dioxide from the air will need to play a significant role in mitigating climate change. Unlike carbon capture and storage technologies that remove carbon dioxide emissions directly from large point sources such as coal power plants, NETs remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere or enhance natural carbon sinks. Storing the carbon dioxide from NETs has the same impact on the atmosphere and climate as simultaneously preventing an equal amount of carbon dioxide from being emitted. Recent analyses found that deploying NETs may be less expensive and less disruptive than reducing some emissions, such as a substantial portion of agricultural and land-use emissions and some transportation emissions. In 2015, the National Academies published Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration, which described and initially assessed NETs and sequestration technologies. This report acknowledged the relative paucity of research on NETs and recommended development of a research agenda that covers all aspects of NETs from fundamental science to full-scale deployment. To address this need, Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration: A Research Agenda assesses the benefits, risks, and "sustainable scale potential" for NETs and sequestration. This report also defines the essential components of a research and development program, including its estimated costs and potential impact.
Download or read book Advances in Carbon Capture written by Mohammad Reza Rahimpour and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Carbon Capture reviews major implementations of CO2 capture, including absorption, adsorption, permeation and biological techniques. For each approach, key benefits and drawbacks of separation methods and technologies, perspectives on CO2 reuse and conversion, and pathways for future CO2 capture research are explored in depth. The work presents a comprehensive comparison of capture technologies. In addition, the alternatives for CO2 separation from various feeds are investigated based on process economics, flexibility, industrial aspects, purification level and environmental viewpoints. Explores key CO2 separation and compare technologies in terms of provable advantages and limitations Analyzes all critical CO2 capture methods in tandem with related technologies Introduces a panorama of various applications of CO2 capture
Download or read book Energy Efficient Solvents for CO2 Capture by Gas Liquid Absorption written by Wojciech M. Budzianowski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews and characterises promising single-compound solvents, solvent blends and advanced solvent systems suitable for CO2 capture applications using gas-liquid absorption. Focusing on energy efficient solvents with minimal adverse environmental impact, the contributions included analyse the major technological advantages, as well as research and development challenges of promising solvents and solvent systems in various sustainable CO2 capture applications. It provides a valuable source of information for undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as for chemical engineers and energy specialists.
