Download or read book Efficiency and Performance Analysis of AC and DC Grid Based Wind Farms Connected to a High Voltage DC Transmission Line written by Jonathan Robinson and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Integrating Wind Energy to Weak Power Grids using High Voltage Direct Current Technology written by Nilanjan Ray Chaudhuri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-02 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first of its kind to provide a comprehensive framework for connecting wind farms to weak power grids using High Voltage DC technology. Most onshore wind energy potential is located in areas that are hardly inhabited and the majority of wind energy that is being harnessed by European countries is currently offshore, both sourced from locations that lack the presence of a strong power grid. This book focuses on the many challenges the wind farm industry faces integrating both onshore and offshore wind to ‘weak’ grids using HVDC technology. Through case studies and illustrative examples the author presents a framework for theoretical and mathematical analysis of HVDC technology, its application and successful integration of onshore and offshore wind farms. Presents a unified approach for integrating onshore and offshore wind energy to existing AC systems through MTDC grids; Includes an extensive treatment of onshore wind farms connected to LCC HVDC systems; Provides a comprehensive analysis of offshore wind farms connected to VSC HVDC systems.

Download or read book DC Wind Generation Systems written by Omid Beik and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-04 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the design and operation of DC wind systems and their integration into power grids. The chapters give an in-depth discussion on turbine conversion systems that have been adapted for DC grids and address characteristics of wind turbines when converting kinetic wind energy to electrical energy, components associated with DC systems, and the design and analysis of DC grids. Additionally, the performance of medium voltage DC (MVDC) array grid and high voltage DC (HVDC) transmission grid connected via an offshore substation with DC/DC converters are also addressed. The book examines multiphase hybrid excitation generator systems for wind turbines and discusses its design and operation for all DC systems. The book provides an insight into the state-of-the-art technological advancements for existing and futuristic wind generation schemes, and provides materials that will allow students, researchers, academics, and practicing engineers to learn, expand and complement their expertise.

Download or read book Wind Farms Interfacing Weak AC Grids Through HVDC Systems written by Jagdeep Kaur and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation presents a comprehensive modeling and stability analysis framework to understand various challenges faced by weak AC grids (due to low system inertia and Effective Short Circuit Ratio (ESCR)) interfacing onshore wind farms, which transfer power to remote locations using High Voltage DC (HVDC) transmission systems. Different control strategies are also proposed to mitigate issues related to frequency dynamics and voltage regulation in such grids.First, the impact of inertia and ESCR on the control of frequency in progressively weak grid interfacing wind farms and the rectifier-side of Line Commutated Converter (LCC-HVDC) is analyzed. To that, end a small-signal stability analysis framework is developed for a Doubly-fed Induction Generator (DFIG)-based wind farm interfacing an LCC-HVDC station in a weak AC grid where the HVDC rectifier operates in a frequency control mode. A three-step approach for the modal analysis and control design is proposed that helps develop an understanding of the interaction of system modes that are contributing to the frequency dynamicswhen the AC grid is made progressively weaker. Although insightful, this study is confined to a single wind farm and a single generator representing the entire AC grid.It is essential to consider a more practical case to a have a better understanding of system stability and effect of disturbances like loss of generation on frequency dynamics. Therefore, the AC grid with a multi-machine system and multiple wind farms connected to the LCC HVDC rectifier station through feeders are considered.The future planning scenario involving partial replacement of coal-fired plants with wind farms, and conversion of a coal-fired plant into a synchronous condenser is examined. This work reveals the contribution from LCC-HVDC towards the improvement of the secondary frequency control of such system under severe faults following the loss of generation.Apart from the above-mentioned challenges related to frequency dynamics in the weak AC grid, there are other challenges including risks of voltage instability and commutation failure. In particular, the risk of commutation failure increases if the AC grid in the inverter-side is weak. Going forward, weak AC grids are assumed in both ends of the HVDC transmission system. The LCC converter stations rely on the AC system voltage for commutation and in turn, consumes reactive power, thereby increasing the risk of system instability with a weak AC system. A capacitor commutated converter (CCC) with capacitors in series with the valve-side transformer windings can be used to remedy some of these concerns. Currently, back-to-back CCC-HVDC systems are in operation. To explore the performance of CCC for a long-distance HVDC transmission system, a comprehensive nonlinear state-space modeling framework has been developed where both the sending as well as the receiving end grids are weak in nature. The modeling adequacy aspect of CCC is revisited and examined, which reveals the necessity of including the commutation capacitor voltage dynamics for time-domain and frequency domain analysis.Unlike LCC or CCC, Self Commutated Converters (e.g. Voltage Source Converters (VSCs)) do not rely on the AC system voltage for commutation. They can operate in leading, lagging, and unity power factor, and can regulate real and reactive power independently. As a result, they perform better with weak grids. However, VSC technology is more expensive, less efficient, and cannot carry high power of the order of LCC or CCC HVDC. To take advantages of both technologies, a Hybrid-HVDC concept is proposed, which includes a CCC coupled in series with a VSC, called Vernier, on DC side. Moreover, a coordinating control for Hybrid-HVDC converter systems is proposed, which ensures that - CCC and Vernier equitably share the control burden; the tap changers and switched capacitor banks are eliminated by Vernier controls that maintain constant firing angle and margin angle at the rectifier and inverter, respectively; and Vernier provides volt-VAr control at the commutation bus. The operating characteristics of the proposedHybrid-HVDC system is established.Finally, as a logical progression, the possibility of deriving secondary frequency support from wind farms and providing it to the inverter-side weak grid through Hybrid HVDC systems is explored. The flexible DC voltage polarity of the Vernier gives additional degrees of freedom to the control scheme, which is used for secondaryfrequency control in the inverter side grid by extracting power from the rectifier-end while maintaining constant firing angle and margin angle. Analytical insight of this complex system is developed to improve damping of frequency dynamics and improve utilization of the vernier capacity.

Download or read book Hybrid AC DC Power Grids Stability and Control Aspects written by Lasantha Meegahapola and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-18 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers modeling, control and stability aspects of hybrid AC/DC power networks. More specifically, this book provides an in-depth analysis of the stability and control aspects of hybrid AC/DC power grids, with comprehensive coverage of theoretical aspects of conventional stability issues (e.g., small-signal stability, voltage stability and frequency stability), emerging stability issues (e.g., converter associated stability) and control strategies applied in this emerging hybrid AC/DC power grids. This book takes a more pragmatic approach with a unique compilation of timely topics related to hybrid AC/DC networks compared with other books in this field. Therefore, this book provides the reader with comprehensive information on modeling, control and stability aspects which need to consider when modeling and analysis of hybrid AC/DC power grids for power system dynamics and stability studies. Each chapter provides fundamental stability theories, some worked examples and case studies to explain various modeling, analysis and control concepts introduced in the chapter. Therefore, postgraduate research students, power system researchers and power system engineers benefit from the materials presented in this book and assist them to model and device new control strategies to overcome the stability challenges of the emerging hybrid AC/DC power grid.

Download or read book Integration of High Voltage AC DC Grids into Modern Power Systems written by Fazel Mohammadi and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-10 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electric power transmission relies on AC and DC grids. The extensive integration of conventional and nonconventional energy sources and power converters into power grids has resulted in a demand for high voltage (HV), extra-high voltage (EHV), and ultra-high voltage (UHV) AC/DC transmission grids in modern power systems. To ensure the security, adequacy, and reliable operation of power systems, the practical aspects of interconnecting HV, EHV, and UHV AC/DC grids into the electric power systems, along with their economic and environmental impacts, should be considered. The stability analysis for the planning and operation of HV, EHV, and UHV AC/DC grids in power systems is regarded as another key issue in modern power systems. Moreover, interactions between power converters and other power electronics devices (e.g., FACTS devices) installed on the network are other aspects of power systems that must be addressed. This Special Issue aims to investigate the integration of HV, EHV, and UHV AC/DC grids into modern power systems by analyzing their control, operation, protection, dynamics, planning, reliability, and security, along with considering power quality improvement, market operations, power conversion, cybersecurity, supervisory and monitoring, diagnostics, and prognostics systems.

Download or read book Integration of Large Scale Wind Energy with Electrical Power Systems in China written by Zongxiang Lu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-04-04 with total page 976 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An in-depth examination of large scale wind projects and electricity production in China Presents the challenges of electrical power system planning, design, operation and control carried out by large scale wind power, from the Chinese perspective Focuses on the integration issue of large scale wind power to the bulk power system, probing the interaction between wind power and bulk power systems Wind power development is a burgeoning area of study in developing countries, with much interest in offshore wind farms and several big projects under development English translation of the Chinese language original which won the "Fourth China Outstanding Publication Award nomination" in March 2013

Download or read book Multi terminal Direct Current Grids written by Nilanjan Chaudhuri and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-09-09 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A generic DC grid model that is compatible with the standard AC system stability model is presented and used to analyse the interaction between the DC grid and the host AC systems. A multi-terminal DC (MTDC) grid interconnecting multiple AC systems and offshore energy sources (e.g. wind farms) across the nations and continents would allow effective sharing of intermittent renewable resources and open market operation for secure and cost-effective supply of electricity. However, such DC grids are unprecedented with no operational experience. Despite lots of discussions and specific visions for setting up such MTDC grids particularly in Europe, none has yet been realized in practice due to two major technical barriers: Lack of proper understanding about the interaction between a MTDC grid and the surrounding AC systems. Commercial unavailability of efficient DC side fault current interruption technology for conventional voltage sourced converter systems This book addresses the first issue in details by presenting a comprehensive modeling, analysis and control design framework. Possible methodologies for autonomous power sharing and exchange of frequency support across a MTDC grid and their impact on overall stability is covered. An overview of the state-of-the-art, challenges and on-going research and development initiatives for DC side fault current interruption is also presented.

Download or read book Real Time Electromagnetic Transient Simulation of AC DC Networks written by Venkata Dinavahi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-06-14 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore a comprehensive and state-of-the-art presentation of real-time electromagnetic transient simulation technology by leaders in the field Real-Time Electromagnetic Transient Simulation of AC-DC Networks delivers a detailed exposition of field programmable gate array (FPGA) hardware based real-time electromagnetic transient (EMT) emulation for all fundamental equipment used in AC-DC power grids. The book focuses specifically on detailed device-level models for their hardware realization in a massively parallel and deeply pipelined manner as well as decomposition techniques for emulating large systems. Each chapter contains fundamental concepts, apparatus models, solution algorithms, and hardware emulation to assist the reader in understanding the material contained within. Case studies are peppered throughout the book, ranging from small didactic test circuits to realistically sized large-scale AC-DC grids. The book also provides introductions to FPGA and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) emulation procedures, and large-scale networks constructed by the foundational components described in earlier chapters. With a strong focus on high-voltage direct-current power transmission grid applications, Real-Time Electromagnetic Transient Simulation of AC-DC Networks covers both system-level and device-level mathematical models. Readers will also enjoy the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to field programmable gate array technology, including the evolution of FPGAs, technology trends, hardware architectures, and programming tools An exploration of classical power system components, e.g., linear and nonlinear passive power system components, transmission lines, power transformers, rotating machines, and protective relays A comprehensive discussion of power semiconductor switches and converters, i.e., AC-DC and DC-DC converters, and specific power electronic apparatus such as DC circuit breakers An examination of decomposition techniques used at the equipment-level as well as the large-scale system-level for real-time EMT emulation of AC-DC networks Chapters that are supported by simulation results from well-defined test cases and the corresponding system parameters are provided in the Appendix Perfect for graduate students and professional engineers studying or working in electrical power engineering, Real-Time Electromagnetic Transient Simulation of AC-DC Networks will also earn a place in the libraries of simulation specialists, senior modeling and simulation engineers, planning and design engineers, and system studies engineers.

Download or read book Advances in Smart Grid and Renewable Energy written by Karma Sonam Sherpa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-04 with total page 753 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises select proceedings of the international conference ETAEERE 2020, and primarily focuses on renewable energy resources and smart grid technologies. The book provides valuable information on the technology and design of power grid integration on microgrids of green energy sources. Some of the topics covered include solar PV array, hybrid microgrid, daylight harvesting, green computing, photovoltaic applications, nanogrid applications, AC/DC/AC converter for wind energy systems, solar photovoltaic panels, PEM fuel cell system, and biogas run dual-fueled diesel engine. The contents of this book will be useful for researchers and practitioners working in the areas of smart grids and renewable energy generation, distribution, and management.

Download or read book Modeling Analysis and Enhancement of the performance of a Wind Driven DFIG During steady state and transient conditions written by Mohmoud Mossa and published by Anchor Academic Publishing (aap_verlag). This book was released on 2014-02-01 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, wind electrical power systems are getting a lot of attention since they are cost competitive, environmentally clean, and safe renewable power source as compared with the fossil fuel and nuclear power generation. A special type of induction generator, called a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), is used extensively for high-power wind applications. They are used more and more in wind turbine applications due to the ease of controllability, the high energy efficiency, and the improved power quality.This research aims to develop a method of a field orientation scheme for control both, the active and the reactive powers of a DFIG that are driven by a wind turbine. Also, the dynamic model of the DFIG, driven by a wind turbine during grid faults, is analyzed and developed, using the method of symmetrical components. Finally, this study proposes a novel fault ride-through (FRT) capability with a suitable control strategy (i.e. the ability of the power system to remain connected to the grid during faults).

Download or read book Integration of AC DC Microgrids into Power Grids written by Fazel Mohammadi and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-02 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: AC/DC Microgrids are a small part of low voltage distribution networks that are located far from power substations, and are interconnected through the point of common coupling to power grids. These systems are important keys for the flexible, techno-economic, and environmental-friendly generation of units for the reliable operation and cost-effective planning of smart electricity grids. Although AC/DC microgrids, with the integration of renewable energy resources and other energy systems, such as power-to-gas, combined heat and power, combined cooling heat and power, power-to-heat, power-to-vehicle, pump and compressed air storage, have several advantages, there are some technical aspects that must be addressed. This Special Issue aims to study the configuration, impacts, and prospects of AC/DC microgrids that enable enhanced solutions for intelligent and optimized electricity systems, energy storage systems, and demand-side management in power grids with an increasing share of distributed energy resources. It includes AC/DC microgrid modeling, simulation, control, operation, protection, dynamics, planning, reliability and security, as well as considering power quality improvement, load forecasting, market operations, energy conversion, cyber/physical security, supervisory and monitoring, diagnostics and prognostics systems.

Download or read book Power Conversion and Control of Wind Energy Systems written by Bin Wu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-09 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents the latest power conversion and control technology in modern wind energy systems. It has nine chapters, covering technology overview and market survey, electric generators and modeling, power converters and modulation techniques, wind turbine characteristics and configurations, and control schemes for fixed- and variable-speed wind energy systems. The book also provides in-depth steady-state and dynamic analysis of squirrel cage induction generator, doubly fed induction generator, and synchronous generator based wind energy systems. To illustrate the key concepts and help the reader tackle real-world issues, the book contains more than 30 case studies and 100 solved problems in addition to simulations and experiments. The book serves as a comprehensive reference for academic researchers and practicing engineers. It can also be used as a textbook for graduate students and final year undergraduate students.

Download or read book Power and Energy written by Richard Kong and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-05-06 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Power and Energy contains 86 selected papers from the International Conference on Power and Energy (CPE 2014, Shanghai, China, 29-30 November 2014), and presents a wide range of topics:- Energy management, planning and policy-making- Energy technologies and environment- Energy prospects- Conventional and renewable power generation- Power system man

Download or read book Smart Grid written by K S MANOJ and published by Notion Press. This book was released on 2020-01-03 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All basic knowledge is provided for the Energy Engineers and the Electrical, Electronics, Computer and Instrumentation Engineering students, who work or wish to work, in Smart Grid and Microgrid area. It benefits them in obtaining essential and required understanding of the Smart Grid, from perceptions to actualisation. The book: • Presents the Smart Grid from abstraction to materialization. • Covers power grid networks, including how they are developed and deployed for power delivery and other Smart Grid services. • Discusses power systems, advanced communications, and required machine learning that define the Smart Grid. • Clearly differentiates the Smart Grid from the traditional power grid as it has been for the last century. • Provides the reader with a fundamental understanding of both physical-cyber -security and computer networking. • Presents the complexity and operational requirements of the evolving Smart Grid to the ICT professional and presents the same for ICT to the energy engineers. • Provides a detailed description of the cyber vulnerabilities and mitigation techniques of the Smart Grid. • Provides essential information for technocrats to make progress in the field and to allow power system engineers to optimize communication systems for the Smart Grid. • Is a suitable material for the undergraduate and post graduate students of electrical engineering to learn the fundamentals of Smart Grid.

Download or read book Modeling Operation and Analysis of DC Grids written by Alejandro Garces and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-07-01 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling, Operation, and Analysis of DC Grids presents a unified vision of direct current grids with their core analysis techniques, uniting power electronics, power systems, and multiple scales of applications. Part one presents high power applications such as HVDC transmission for wind energy, faults and protections in HVDC lines, stability analysis and inertia emulation. The second part addresses current applications in low voltage such as microgrids, power trains and aircraft applications. All chapters are self-contained with numerical and experimental analysis. Provides a unified, coherent presentation of DC grid analysis based on modern research in power systems, power electronics, microgrids and MT-HVDC transmission Covers multiple scales of applications in one location, addressing DC grids in electric vehicles, microgrids, DC distribution, multi-terminal HVDC transmission and supergrids Supported by a unified set of MATLAB and Simulink test systems designed for application scenarios

Download or read book Analysis and Performance Enhancement of a Series Parallel Offshore Wind Farm Topology Integrated Into a HVDC Grid written by Haibo Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The massive exploitation of far offshore wind energy relies heavily on the High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission system, in which dedicated offshore substations for converting power from AC into DC are necessary. However, the bulky offshore platform is costly and its installation is complicated. This thesis aims to contribute to the study of a pure DC offshore wind farm topology which exports its energy to onshore without using an offshore centralized power conversion substation. The examined wind farm topology is called Series Parallel Wind Farm (SPWF), which comprises several clusters of wind turbines connected in series, so that the output converters of the wind turbines step up the voltage to a higher level for direct power transmission. However, due to this distinctive feature, unbalanced power production of wind turbines leads to output voltage variation of wind turbines, which is harmful to the wind turbines. The work carried out in this thesis begins with the identification of the basic elements to constitute the SPWF. Afterwards, the operation of the SPWF is explained and its overvoltage characteristic is described and emphasized. An overvoltage limitation control strategy is developed, which requires an active participation of the onshore converter. Hence, the onshore Multilevel Modular Converter (MMC) as well as the HVDC cables models are examined. The control strategy is applied to both Point-to-Point (P2P) HVDC transmission system and Multi-Terminal DC (MTDC) systems. The results validate the feasibility of the proposed strategy, and demonstrate its advantage of no power curtailment requirement to limit the wind turbines output voltage.