Download or read book Effets des lectures partag es chez les enfants pr sentant un Trouble du Spectre de l Autisme written by Julie Lorans and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les lectures partagées sont un outil précieux pour développer le langage oral et écrit des enfants au développement neurotypique. Les études ont montré une influence de ces lectures sur le développement lexical, morphologique, narratif ainsi que sur les pré-requis du langage écrit (production et compréhension). Les enfants avec un trouble du spectre de l'autisme présentent un déficit dans la communication sociale ainsi que des particularités comportementales. La présente recherche a étudié les effets des lectures partagées sur la communication des enfants autistes. Pour ce faire, une revue systématique de la littérature a été effectuée à partir de l'analyse de 15 études : 12 études de cas et 3 études de groupe. Ces recherches ont porté sur l'impact des lectures partagées sur des enfants autistes de 3 ans, 7 mois à 14 ans. Plusieurs profils d'enfants présentant un TSA ont été analysés : avec ou sans déficience intellectuelle et verbaux, faiblement verbaux ou non verbaux. Les auteurs ont remarqué un effet plus ou moins important des LP sur la compréhension orale, le développement lexical, pragmatique et sur l'identification des mots écrits. Ces effets ont été constatés grâce à des adaptations de supports et d'interactions. Des limites concernant l'échantillon de la population et la méthodologie employée ont été relevées et documentées. Les perspectives de ce travail sont nombreuses. Le sujet étant relativement récent, il existe encore peu d'études. La tendance observée est à confirmer avec de nouvelles études incluant davantage de participants. Enfin, les résultats de cette recherche permettent d'envisager la lecture partagée comme un moyen thérapeutique pouvant être utilisé aussi bien par l'orthophoniste que par les parents à condition d'avoir été sensibilisé auparavant à la lecture dialogique. Pour cela, ce travail présente des outils dont l'orthophoniste pourra s'inspirer.
Download or read book Effets d une intervention en lecture partag e sur l laboration d inf rences aupr s d enfants d ge pr scolaire pr sentant des difficult s de compr hension orale written by Chloé Belliard and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contexte : Les élèves présentant un déficit en compréhension écrite ont souvent des difficultés à élaborer des inférences. Cette capacité se construit dès la maternelle en compréhension orale. Un entraînement en lecture partagée serait efficace pour soutenir le développement des compétences inférentielles. Les études à ce sujet ont essentiellement ciblé des enfants tout-venants en milieu scolaire. La présente étude vise à déterminer les effets d'une intervention en lecture partagée sur l'élaboration d'inférences auprès d'enfants d'âge préscolaire présentant des difficultés de compréhension orale. Méthodologie : Cette étude expérimentale en cas unique (SCED) cible quatre enfants d'âge préscolaire ayant un déficit en compréhension orale, suivis en orthophonie. Une intervention en lecture partagée leur a été proposée deux fois par semaine pendant deux mois et demi. L'évaluation des sujets s'est basée pour la mesure répétée sur le matériel orthophonique « Observe et Infère ». Les mesures pré post intervention comportent des épreuves des batteries d'évaluation Kikou 3-8 et EDA, des épreuves non standardisées de l'« Outil d'évaluation des élèves du préscolaire à faire des inférences » et un entretien semi-directif avec les parents. Résultats : Les résultats obtenus suggèrent une amélioration modérée de l'élaboration d'inférences après l'intervention. Les inférences non entraînées ont progressé. L'intervention aurait eu des effets positifs dans d'autres domaines (attention, dénomination, posture de l'enfant face au livre). Conclusion : Ces résultats encourageants vont dans le sens de notre hypothèse. Certains biais de notre protocole nous amènent à nuancer les conclusions. Répliquer cette étude en modifiant certains paramètres semble pertinent.
Download or read book Troubles du spectre autistique et M thode Distinctive written by Laura Matergia and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cette étude fait suite au mémoire d'Anne-Laure Leclère visant à démontrer l'intérêt de la multimodalité offerte par la Méthode Distinctive dans la prise en charge d'un enfant présentant un trouble du spectre autistique (TSA) et scolarisé en grande section de maternelle. La Méthode Distinctive est un matériel ludique de symbolisation des outils de la langue puisant son originalité dans la multimodalité, l'interface entre l'oral et écrit et le statut privilégié accordé aux voyelles. Dans le but de corroborer les résultats de cette précédente étude, nous avons poursuivi la prise en charge de cet enfant lors de son passage au cours préparatoire. Pour ce faire, notre protocole expérimental s'est composé de vingt séances d'intervention orthophonique. Parallèlement, dix séances de prise en charge d'un deuxième enfant du même âge présentant un TSA sont venues compléter notre étude. Les outils de la Méthode Distinctive ont permis d'aborder un travail des compétences associées à la lecture, des deux voies de lecture en réception et production, ainsi que d'autres compétences communicationnelles plus globales. La description du suivi des séances et les observations qualitatives de nos deux sujets nous ont permis d'observer une évolution favorable de ces enfants dans l'apprentissage de l'écrit. Les résultats obtenus vont donc dans le même sens que ceux mis en évidence par Anne-Laure Leclère, à savoir : la Méthode Distinctive semble adaptée à la prise en charge des enfants avec TSA pour les accompagner dans l'acquisition du langage écrit grâce à la multimodalité offerte dans l'interfaceentre l'oral et l'écrit. Toutefois, pour que l'enfant présentant un TSA tire pleinement bénéfice des outils de la Méthode Distinctive, il s'avère nécessaire d'utiliser cet outil dans le cadre d'un partenariat incluant l'école, les parents et les professionnels gravitant autour de l'enfant.
Download or read book Sens donn par les parents d enfants pr sentant un trouble du spectre de l autisme leur exp rience de la reconnaissance de leurs savoirs parentaux par les intervenants ducatifs written by Céline Yon and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: « Cette étude aborde les savoirs parentaux sous l’angle des réalités familiales et a pour particularité de considérer cette question à partir du point de vue des parents. L’objectif principal est de dégager le sens donné par les parents d’enfants ayant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) quant à leur expérience de la reconnaissance et de l’utilisation de leurs savoirs parentaux dans la pratique réelle des intervenants éducatifs. L’approche méthodologique retenue est la phénoménologie herméneutique et des entretiens en profondeur ont été menés auprès de neuf parents participants vivant au Québec et se situant sur différents territoires de commissions scolaires et points de services de centres intégrés de santé et de services sociaux. Un examen phénoménologique des données a été entrepris afin de permettre la rédaction d’un récit phénoménologique individuel décrivant fidèlement l’expérience de reconnaissance des savoirs parentaux de chacun des neuf participants. Chaque participant a validé son récit phénoménologique individuel. Par la suite, une analyse systématique des données à partir du logiciel d’analyse qualitative de données NVivo a été réalisée pour identifier des thèmes relatifs aux différents sens que les participants donnent à leur expérience de reconnaissance de leurs savoirs parentaux et en arriver à une description générale de la structure typique du phénomène à l’étude. Celle-ci a permis de mettre en lumière l’interprétation qui peut être dégagée de l’expérience des parents quant à la reconnaissance de leurs savoirs parentaux par les intervenants éducatifs. Finalement, cette interprétation a été mise en relation avec la littérature du domaine et notre cadre théorique, puis elle a été soumise à la triangulation des chercheurs, par le biais de notre comité de recherche.L’analyse démontre que les participants ont tous vécu des expériences de reconnaissance et de non-reconnaissance de leurs savoirs parentaux. Néanmoins, il ressort que celles-ci ne peuvent pas être attribuées à un réseau de services en particulier, mais plutôt à une conjonction de contextes, d’attitudes et de savoir-être qui viennent faciliter ou limiter la reconnaissance des savoirs parentaux. L’analyse a permis d’identifier quatre indicateurs de reconnaissance des savoirs parentaux qui sont : être écouté, faire partie de l’équipe, être appuyé et l’absence de jugement. De ces quatre indicateurs, nombre d’éléments ont pu être dégagés afin de mieux cerner le sens que ces parents donnent à leur expérience de reconnaissance de leurs savoirs parentaux. Ces éléments mis en lumière à partir de ces indicateurs sont les suivants : la nature des savoirs parentaux partagés, les occasions de partage des savoirs parentaux, la nature de l’écoute, le rôle souhaité des parents et le niveau d’implication qu’ils veulent avoir, l’importance d’un soutien social approbatif explicite, l’impact du jugement ainsi que les enjeux de la stigmatisation de courtoisie et de la désirabilité sociale. Enfin, en plus de mettre l’emphase sur la volonté des répondants d’être considérés comme des interlocuteurs de réflexion partagée et de participer activement à toutes les étapes de la prise de décision concernant leur enfant, ces quatre indicateurs mettent de l’avant l’aspiration de ces parents à travailler en réel partenariat avec les intervenants éducatifs.Notre recherche a permis de mettre en lumière la compréhension et la signification données à la reconnaissance des savoirs parentaux et leur prise en compte par les intervenants. De plus, le fait de rendre visible la contribution des parents en termes de savoirs amène des retombées pratiques en éducation, permettant notamment de soutenir les pratiques de partenariat et de collaboration, mais aussi la pratique des plans d’intervention et de leur optimisation. Enfin, en plus de contribuer à la recherche sur le TSA, l’enfance et le soutien aux familles, les connaissances qui en découlent peuvent s'appliquer plus largement à d'autres populations d’enfants en situation de handicap. -- Mot(s) clé(s) en français : Trouble du spectre de l’autisme, savoirs parentaux, famille, éducation familiale, résilience, partenariat. »--
Download or read book Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Ontario Context written by Kimberly Maich and published by Canadian Scholars’ Press. This book was released on 2016-08-01 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Ontario Context is the first book to offer a thorough introduction to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Ontario. Highlighting examples, research, and interventions specific to Ontario, this manual provides an abundance of information in one central location, making it an indispensable tool for any Ontario professional working with individuals with ASD. This comprehensive text begins with a brief history of ASD and an overview of its contemporary understandings, including current diagnostic criteria. Covering a range of evidence-based interventions that have been shown to be effective for individuals with ASD—and supplemented with graphics, checklists, and hands-on strategies for application—this book provides essential information to inform practitioners. The concluding section on ASD across the lifespan explores how these interventions are delivered within agencies throughout Ontario, from preschool through to adulthood, and addresses relevant issues and topics for each age group. Featuring chapter summaries, definitions of key terms, lists of further resources, and reflective questions, this highly accessible and pedagogically rich text is vital reading not only for current and future practitioners, but also for parents of children with ASD.
Download or read book Understanding Other Minds written by Simon Baron-Cohen and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-08-22 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises 26 exciting chapters by internationally renowned scholars, addressing the central psychological process separating humans from other animals: the ability to imagine the thoughts and feelings of others, and to reflect on the contents of our own mindsa theory of mind (ToM). The four sections of the book cover developmental, cultural, and neurobiological approaches to ToM across different populations and species. The chapters explore the earliest stages of development of ToM in infancy, and how plastic ToM learning is; why 3-year-olds typically fail false belief tasks and how ToM continues to develop beyond childhood into adulthood; the debate between simulation theory and theory theory; cross-cultural perspectives on ToM and how ToM develops differently in deaf children; how we use our ToM when we make moral judgments, and the link between emotional intelligence and ToM; the neural basis of ToM measured by evoked response potentials, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and studies of brain damage; emotional vs. cognitive empathy in neuropsychiatric conditions such as autism, schizophrenia, and psychopathy; the concept of self in autism and teaching methods targeting ToM deficits; the relationship between empathy, the pain matrix and the mirror neuron system; the role of oxytocin and fetal testosterone in mentalizing and empathy; the heritability of empathy and candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with empathy; and ToM in non-human primates. These 26 chapters represent a masterly overview of a field that has deepened since the first edition was published in 1993.
Download or read book Autism Imaging and Devices written by Manuel F. Casanova and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-01-06 with total page 977 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers state-of-the-art medical image analysis approaches currently pursued in autism research. Chapters cover recent advances in diagnosis using structural neuroimaging. All aspects of imaging are included, such as electrophysiology (EEG, ERP, QEEG, and MEG), postmortem techniques, and advantages and difficulties of depositing/acquiring images in larger databases. The book incorporates 2D, 3D, and 4D imaging and advances scientific research within the broad field of autism imaging.
Download or read book Understanding Asperger Syndrome and High Functioning Autism written by Gary B. Mesibov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-29 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, the first in the series, explores the high-functioning group of people within the spectrum of autism disorders. It is the culmination of over a decade of clinical work and research, including the most current information available about this group. Written in a style that is accessible to both seasoned clinicians and concerned lay persons, this volume is a unique resource.
Download or read book Secularism Islam and Public Intellectuals in Contemporary France written by Nadia Kiwan and published by . This book was released on 2022-02-17 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the thought of Abdennour Bidar, MalekChebel, Leïla Babès, AbdelwahabMeddeb and Dounia Bouzar. In doing so it investigates how these five figures allcontribute in their diverse and varying ways to broader understandings of therelationship between Islam and secularism in contemporary French society.
Download or read book Neurocognitive Development Normative Development written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-09-22 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is one of a two-volume work on neurocognitive development, focusing separately on normative and non-normative development. The normative volume focuses on neurology, biology, genetics, and psychology of normative cognitive development. It covers the development of intellectual abilities, visual perception, motor function, language, memory, attention, executive function, social cognition, learning abilities, and affect and behavior. The book identifies when and how these functions develop, the genetics and neurophysiology of their operation, and their evaluation and assessment in clinical practice. This book will serve as a comprehensive reference to researchers in cognitive development in neuroscience, psychology, and medicine, as well as to clinicians and allied health professionals focused on developmental disabilities (child neurologists, pediatric neuropsychologists, child psychiatrists, speech and language therapists, and occupational therapists.) Summarizes research on normative neurocognitive development Includes intellectual abilities, language, memory, attention, motor function, and more Discusses genetics and environmental influences on development Provides interdisciplinary information of use to both researchers and clinicians
Download or read book Autism in the Workplace written by Amy E. Hurley-Hanson and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-15 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the career experiences of Generation A, the half-million individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who will reach adulthood in the next decade. With Generation A eligible to enter the workforce in unprecedented numbers, research is needed to help individuals, organizations, and educational institutions to work together to create successful work experiences and career outcomes for individuals with ASD. Issues surrounding ASD in the workplace are discussed from individual, organizational, and societal perspectives. This book also examines the stigma of autism and how it may affect the employment and career experiences of individuals with ASD. This timely book provides researchers, practitioners, and employers with empirical data that examines the work and career experiences of individuals with ASD. It offers a framework for organizations committed to hiring individuals with ASD and enhancing their work experiences and career outcomes now and in the future.
Download or read book Asperger s Children The Origins of Autism in Nazi Vienna written by Edith Sheffer and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2018-05-01 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “An impassioned indictment, one that glows with the heat of a prosecution motivated by an ethical imperative.” —Lisa Appignanesi, New York Review of Books In the first comprehensive history of the links between autism and Nazism, prize-winning historian Edith Sheffer uncovers how a diagnosis common today emerged from the atrocities of the Third Reich. As the Nazi regime slaughtered millions across Europe during World War Two, it sorted people according to race, religion, behavior, and physical condition. Nazi psychiatrists targeted children with different kinds of minds—especially those thought to lack social skills—claiming the Reich had no place for them. Hans Asperger and his colleagues endeavored to mold certain “autistic” children into productive citizens, while transferring others to Spiegelgrund, one of the Reich’s deadliest child killing centers. In this unflinching history, Sheffer exposes Asperger’s complicity in the murderous policies of the Third Reich.
Download or read book Computers and Games for Mental Health and Well Being written by Yasser Khazaal and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-07-12 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen important developments in the computer and game industry, including the emergence of the concept of serious games. It is hypothesized that tools such as games, virtual reality, or applications for smartphones may foster learning, enhance motivation, promote behavioral change, support psychotherapy, favor empowerment, and improve some cognitive functions. Computers and games may create supports for training or help people with cognitive, emotional, or behavioral change. Games take various formats, from board games to informatics to games with interactive rules of play. Similarly, computer tools may vary widely in format, from self-help or assisted computerized training to virtual reality or applications for smartphones. Some tools that may be helpful for mental health were specifically designed for that goal, whereas others were not. Gamification of computer-related products and games with a numeric format tend to reduce the gap between games and computers tools and increase the conceptual synergy in such fields. Games and computer design share an opportunity for creativity and innovation to help create, specifically design, and assess preventive or therapeutic tools. Computers and games share a design conception that allows innovative approaches to overcome barriers of the real world by creating their own rules. Yet, despite the potential interest in such tools to improve treatment of mental disorders and to help prevent them, the field remains understudied and information is under-disseminated in clinical practice. Some studies have shown, however, that there is potential interest and acceptability of tools that support various vehicles, rationales, objectives, and formats. These tools include traditional games (e.g., chess games), popular electronic games, board games, computer-based interventions specifically designed for psychotherapy or cognitive training, virtual reality, apps for smartphones, and so forth. Computers and games may offer a true opportunity to develop, assess, and disseminate new prevention and treatment tools for mental health and well-being. Currently, there is a strong need for state-of-the-art information to answer questions such as the following: Why develop such tools for mental health and well-being? What are the potential additions to traditional treatments? What are the best strategies or formats to improve the possible impact of these tools? Are such tools useful as a first treatment step? What is the potential of a hybrid model of care that combines traditional approaches with games and/or computers as tools? What games and applications have already been designed and studied? What is the evidence from previous studies? How can such tools be successfully designed for mental health and well-being? What is rewarding or attractive for patients in using such treatments? What are the worldwide developments in the field? Are some protocols under development? What are the barriers and challenges related to such developments? How can these tools be assessed, and how can the way that they work, and for whom, be measured? Are the potential benefits of such products specific, or can these additions be attributed to nonspecific factors? What are the users’ views on such tools? What are the possible links between such tools and social networks? Is there a gap between evidence-based results and market development? Are there any quality challenges? What future developments and studies are needed in the field?
Download or read book Culture and Human Robot Interaction in Militarized Spaces written by Dr Julie Carpenter and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2016-01-28 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) personnel are some of the most highly trained people in the military, with a job description that spans defusing unexploded ordnance to protecting VIP’s and state dignitaries. EOD are also one of the first military groups to work with robots every day. These robots have become an increasingly important tool in EOD work, enabling people to work at safer distances in many dangerous situations. Based on exploratory research investigating interactions between EOD personnel and the robots they use, this study richly describes the nuances of these reciprocal influences, especially those related to operator emotion associated with the robots. In particular, this book examines the activities, processes and contexts that influence or constrain everyday EOD human-robot interactions, what human factors are shaping the (robotic) technology and how people and culture are being changed by using it. The findings from this research have implications for future personnel training, and the refinement of robot design considerations for many fields that rely on critical small group communication and decision-making skills.
Download or read book A Therapy Technique for Improving Memory written by Jennifer A. Brush and published by Myers Research Institute. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Soul the Mind and the Psychoanalyst written by David Rosenfeld and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-06 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on various cases whose common factor is how the psychoanalytic setting is created: the internalization and realization inside the patient`s mind: with the feeling of fixed hours and the transferential relation with the psychoanalyst. Referring to the great masters of psychoanalysis, the author guides us step by step through the mysterious terrain of the mind, especially in its most regressive, primitive and psychotic aspects. Thomas Ogden, commenting on the papers collected here, wrote that 'they represent two of the most important contributions of the past decade to the understanding of the psychoanalytic treatment of psychotic patients'. This book is intended to be felt and thought about. The reader is asked to read between the lines, to imagine and feel beyond the words on the page. It will appeal to psychoanalysts, psychotherapists and students.
Download or read book Time and Memory written by Christoph Hoerl and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The capacity to represent and think about time, and the capacity to recollect the past are two of the most fundamental and least understood aspects of human cognition and consciousness. This book throws new light on central issues in the study of the mind by uniting, for the first time,psychological and philosophical approaches dealing with the connection between temporal representation and memory. Fifteen specially written essays by leading psychologists and philosophers investigate the way in which time is represented in memory, and the role memory plays in our ability to reasonabout time. They offer insights into current theories of memory processes and of the mechanisms and cognitive abilities underlying temporal judgements, and draw out fundamental issues concerning the phenomenology and epistemology of memory and our understanding of time. The chapters are arrangedinto four sections, each focused on one area of current research: I Keeping Track of Time, and Temporal Representation; II Memory, Awareness and the Past; III Memory and Experience; IV Knowledge and the Past: The Epistemology and Metaphysics of Time. A general introduction gives an overview of thetopics discussed and makes explicit central themes which unify the different philosophical and psychological approaches.
