Download or read book Effects of Two Types of Written Condom Promotion Materials on University Student s Attitudes Toward Condoms and Intentions to Use Condoms written by Jane Peace Thielman and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book To Use Or Not to Use written by Kristina B. Hood and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current project involved three studies designed to examine which characteristics of persuasive communications change condom use attitudes. Study 1 investigated the effect of message type (affective versus cognitive) and source (male versus female) on attitude change among a sample of African American women attending college. In Study 1 (N = 146), the affective message and female source produced the most positive change in condom use attitudes. Study 2 examined whether message type and source were associated with favorable condom attitudes in a community sample and whether these findings differed from a college sample. Twenty-seven women participated in group discussions and completed measures of attitudes and intentions. Similar to Study 1, the pattern of means in Study 2 showed the affective message delivered by the female source resulted in the most positive condom use attitude change. These results were not significant likely due to the small sample. Focus groups were also conducted to better understand the types of condom use messages African American women find effective. Several themes emerged: condom used primarily for pregnancy prevention; negative condom use attitudes; communicating messages through internet, TV, and radio; creating fun, catchy, and informative messages; using celebrities and peers to deliver messages; and increasing the frequency of messages to equal importance of topic. The third study assessed the effectiveness of an attitude change pilot intervention that was based on the results of Studies 1 and 2. The study used a 2 (intervention vs. control) X 3 (pretest, posttest, follow-up) mixed factorial design to examine whether women0́9s attitudes changed after a pilot session and whether the change persisted over time. African American women (N = 115) were recruited through Craigslist and community agencies. There were no significant differences across time for the intervention and the control group. Reasons for the lack of an effect in Study 3 are discussed. Taken together, these studies provide evidence that, under certain conditions an affective message delivered by a female source can change attitudes toward using condoms. The results of these studies could potentially enhance existing interventions by renewing a focus on changing attitudes as well as behavior.
Download or read book Determinants of Condom Use Intentions Among University Students in Ghana written by James Kotuah Sakeah and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This descriptive correlational study was conducted to gain an understanding of how attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, self-efficacy, moral norms, role beliefs, perceived risk, and past condom use influenced condom use intentions among a group of 580 undergraduate students in Ghana. An extended version of the theory of planned behaviour guided the study. The results showed that students had moderate intentions to use condoms in their sexual encounters. Only 46% of all sexually active participants used condoms in their last sexual encounter. The extended version of the theory of planned behaviour explained 56% of the variance in the intention to use a condom during every sexual encounter among participants. In order of decreasing importance, perceived behavioural control, moral norms, attitudes, and past behaviour emerged as significant independent predictors of condom use intention. Implications for health promotion, theory, and research includes addressing the psychosocial factors associated with condom use.
Download or read book Examining the Determinants of Condom Use Among African American College Students Attending Predominantly White Institutions written by Natasha Aduloju-Ajijola Aduloju-Ajijola and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: African American college students at predominantly White institutions (PWIs) are disproportionally at risk for experiencing negative sexual health outcomes. African Americans between the ages of 18 and 24 are disproportionally affected by unplanned pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, which are associated with risky sexual behaviors, including sex without a condom. The risks and stress associated with living at the intersection of both African American risk factors and college risk factors may play a role in the sexual behavior of African American college students. The purpose of this study was to examine the determinants of condom use among African American undergraduates at predominantly White Institutions (PWIs). This study used the constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to examine the factors that contribute to condom use. An added factor the study examined was the relationship between different types of stress and condom use. The relationship between stress, intention to use condoms, and actual condom use was also investigated. The study employed a cross-sectional design and used surveys to collect data on African American college students between the ages of 18 and 24 years old at PWIs. The survey was disseminated through Qualtrics online survey software. The sample of 202 students engaged in a range of sexual behaviors (vaginal, oral, and anal sex) and had inconsistent condom use during these activities. The study found that constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior, namely intentions and attitudes, were independently significant at predicting condom use. However, the interaction between intentions and overall stress was more significant in predicting condom use among African American college students attending PWIs over the past 30 days. The study findings have promising implications for health education practitioners, university stakeholders, and researchers who are interested in reducing sexual health disparities. Coordinated efforts are needed to reduce the risk factors that contribute to unsafe sexual behaviors among college students, especially among those at greater risk such as African American college students at PWIs.
Download or read book Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Predict the Condom Use Intentions of College Athletes written by Erin Whitney Moore and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: College athletes are considered to be a high sexual-risk group, as they use condoms less consistently (Wetherill & Fromme, 2007). The current study explored college athletes' intentions to use condoms within the framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 2002). The sample consisted of 55 sexually experienced college athletes who completed an anonymous online questionnaire. College athletes' attitudes toward condoms' effectiveness in preventing HIV/STI infection, perceptions of support for condom use from important others, and perceived control over the decision to use condoms significantly predicted condom use intentions and explained 34% of the variance intentions. When receipt of pregnancy prevention information form their university was taken into consideration, the model explained 46% of the variance in athletes' condom use intentions. Overall, college athletes in this study had strong intentions to use condoms every time they had sex.
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Predicting Condom Use Behavior in Sexually Active Adolescents written by Holli M. Slater and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A significant amount of progress has been made over the past decade to reduce the impact of risky sexual behavior among adolescents; however, rates of unwanted pregnancy and contraction of sexually transmitted infections remain high. Finding ways to mitigate the consequences of risky sexual behavior continues to be a focus of many working with adolescents engaging in risky behavior. This study performed a secondary analysis of data collected during a 5-year evaluation of a teen pregnancy program targeting youth ages 17-19 who were at high risk for dropping out of high school. The goals of this study were two fold: 1) Test the applicability of the Health Belief Model (HBM) for assessing both adolescent intentions to use condoms and condom use behavior, and 2) Assess the moderating effect of the Developmental Assets framework on the relationship between condom use intentions and behavior. Guided by the Health Belief Model framework, factor analyses were conducted to identify the model that best fit the data. This resulted in six factors comprised of 26 items that reflected different aspects of the HBM and predicted 63% of the variance in the model. This was followed by ordinal and logistic regressions to detect the relationship between each of the identified factors and condom use intentions, as well as between each of the identified factors and condom use behavior. The results demonstrated that Partner Efficacy, Interpersonal Barriers - Partner Trust, Structural Barriers - Accessibility, Benefits, and Physical Barriers - Comfort significantly predicted intentions to use condoms. Susceptibility was the only factor that did not produce a significant result for intentions to use condoms. Interpersonal Barriers - Partner Trust, Structural Barriers - Accessibility, and Physical Barriers - Comfort significantly predicted a positive relationship between the factor and condom use behavior. Susceptibility was found to have a significant negative relationship between susceptibility and condom use behavior, while Partner Efficacy and Benefits failed to produce significant results. Ultimately, participants who reported greater intentions to use condoms were more than twice as likely to report using a condom in the past three months. Overall developmental assets scores did not significantly demonstrate a moderating effect on the relationship between intentions and behavior. These findings confirm that the Health Belief Model in the originally hypothesized form did not fit well for this sample; however, the newly identified model demonstrated a stronger fit for this population. The development of a new model guided by the HBM may be more applicable when assessing condom use intentions with academically at-risk adolescents. While some of the factors exhibited limitations, revisions to items, inclusion of new items, and removal of weaker items may lead to an improved model and should be explored. Further examination into the role of the developmental assets should also be assessed. Implications of this study's findings for social work policy, practice and future research are discussed.
Download or read book The Effect of Condom Use and Erotic Instructions on Attitudes Toward Condoms written by William M. Tanner and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Examination of the Effects of the Sexual Double Standard on College Students Condom Use written by Cahryn Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Men and women have historically been held to different standards regarding sexual behavior, known as the sexual double standard. Women have typically been judged more harshly than men for engaging in similar sexual behavior. Both genders report higher levels of sexual activity and more liberal attitudes since the 1940s. Males historically report engaging in more sexual activity than females. However, current studies indicate both genders are engaging in similar levels of sexual activity, although men continue to report slightly higher levels. It is unclear whether attitudes and judgments related to gender and sexuality have kept pace with reported behavior changes. The documented increase in sexual activity for men and women has coincided with a dramatic increase in sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Consistent condom use during all forms of sexual activity has been recommended as the most reliable method of pregnancy and STD prevention. However, many individuals report inconsistent condom use. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the potential role the sexual double standard may play in the inconsistent use of condoms in college women. Undergraduate students were asked to read one of three vignettes (male provides condom, female provides condom, no condom was used) in which a casual sexual encounter was described. After reading the vignette, participants completed adjective ratings of the vignette actors, as well as measures of attitudes toward gender and sexuality, sexual history, and demographics. Contrary to expectations, results indicated that females were judged to be more likeable when she provided the condom compared to when no condom was used and more diplomatic when she provided the condom when compared to when no condom was used or when the male provided the condom. Males were equally liked across all condom conditions, and were rated as more diplomatic when providing the condom versus when no condom was used. Unexpectedly, neither judgments of the vignette actors nor attitudes toward gender and sexuality were predictive of personal sexual history. These findings suggest that gender differences in sexual behavior may be quite small, and that standards for sexual behavior are more equal than has been previously documented.
Download or read book The Examination of Safe Sex Message Appeals Sex and Emotional Responses on College Students Condom Use Attitudes Intentions and Self efficacy written by Danyele Renee Shelton and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inconsistency in the sexual risk prevention literature indicated that there was a need for additional research identifying factors that will increase safe sex behaviors; particularly, condom use, in young adults. The present study attempted to expand the sexual risk prevention literature by examining the impact of different safe sex advertisements and biological sex on the condom use attitudes, condom use intentions, condom use self-efficacy, negative and positive emotional responses of young adults as well as explore the influence of negative and positive emotional responses on the condom use attitudes, condom use intentions, and condom use self-efficacy of young adults. Five hypotheses were examined using a sample of 203 young adults. MANOVA and regression analyses were conducted to examine the study hypotheses. There was partial support for Hypotheses 1 and 3; indicating that female participants reported more positive condom use attitudes than male participants, participants in the negative emotional advertisement and positive emotional advertisement groups reported more positive condom use attitudes than those in the rational advertisement group, and that the negative emotion of guilt was related to condom use attitudes. Hypotheses 2, 4, and 5 were not upheld. Overall, the present study results provide some support for the influence of biological sex, advertisement type, and guilt on the condom use attitudes of young adults. The need to explore different safe sex advertisement formats and more diverse samples of young adults was discussed, including implications and recommendations for future research.
Download or read book Condom Promotion Interventions written by Erri Christine Hewitt and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sensation Seeking and Its Relationship to Attitudes Toward Condoms and Condom Use in College Students written by Thomas A. Remble and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Culture and the Condom written by Karen Anijar and published by Peter Lang Incorporated, International Academic Publishers. This book was released on 2005 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decade of the twentieth century, the «safe sex» message - advocating the use of condoms to prevent pregnancy and curb the spread of AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases - has endured relentless attacks by conservative religious groups who seek to instill doubt and promote an abstinence-only theme in American public schools. The essays in this book provide a stimulating historical and cultural inquiry into the multiplicity of meanings attributed to one prophylactic: the condom. Given the vast array of sexual attitudes toward condom usage within American culture and around the world, Culture and the Condom will provoke readers into examining significant dominant discourses and alternative perspectives by viewing condoms through the lens of cinematic and television imagery, artistic representations, statistical analyses, commercial advertising, and animation.
Download or read book Self esteem at Work written by Joel Brockner and published by Free Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Examining the Theory of Planned Behavior Applied to Condom Use A Comparison of the Effect indicator Vs Causal indicator Models written by Chakema C. Carmack and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theory of planned behavior was developed by Ajzen & Fishbein (1980) in an attempt to explain a number of health behaviors such as smoking, diet and exercise behaviors, diabetic management, and condom use (Glanz, Rimer, & Lewis, 2002). The theory of planned behavior asserts that actual behavior is a function of the intention to act. Intention, in turn, is a function of the weighted sum of attitudes toward the behavior, subjective norms about the behavior, and volitional control over the behavior. These global components were addressed, as well as their differentiated components. Two conceptually different augmentations of the theory, a causal-indicator model applied to the theory of planned behavior and an effect-indicator model applied to the theory of planned behavior were discussed and compared. Using the intent to use condoms as the extraneous dependent variable, both augmentations were evaluated by model fit indices in a structural model analysis. It was expected that the effect-indicator model would allow for the best-fitted explanation of the theory of planned behavior. The major hypothesis was supported through evaluation of the observed data. Thus, the effect-indicator model was found to be the most satisfactory conceptualization. Adolescent interventions that are driven by the theory of planned behavior may benefit from such a framework by focusing on behavior change with regard to the theory0́9s global and differentiated components as modeled by the effect-indicator model.
Download or read book College Students Attitudes about Condom Use written by Kathleen Fromm and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Impact of Relationship and Intrapersonal Factors on Condom Use Among College Students written by Sara K. Fehr and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of two studies. Study one examined relationship factors' impact on condom use among college students. Study two examined perceived barriers and benefits of condom use among college students. Study One AbstractResearch indicates that a number of college students are at risk for HIV, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and unplanned pregnancy as a result of their sexual behaviors. Specific behaviors placing college students at risk include having sex with multiple partners, poor communication about safer sex practices with their sexual partners and not using condoms consistently and correctly when engaging in sexual activity. The purpose of this paper is to identify potential differences in safer sex practices and factors that influence condom use among college students. A four-page, 18-item survey was developed to determine participants' condom use and the impact of relationship status and other demographic factors on condom use. Analyses revealed that the number of lifetime vaginal sexual partners and participants' sex influenced condom use. There were no significant differences in relationship status, duration, trust, honesty and condom use. These findings should be considered with designing interventions to increase condom use among college students. Study Two AbstractDespite the efforts of health professionals, research indicates that a number of college students engage in high risk sexual behaviors including having sex with multiple partners, not discussing safer sex practices with their partners and not regularly using condoms when engaging in sexual activity. These behaviors increase the likelihood that individuals will contract a sexually transmitted disease (STD), HIV or have an unplanned pregnancy. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify perceived barriers and perceived benefits to condom use among this population. A four-page, 18-item survey was developed to determine participants' condom use, barriers to condom use, benefits of condom use, and participants' basic knowledge of STDs and safer sex practices. Results indicated the leading barriers to condom use were using condoms reduce pleasure, knowing a partner's sexual history, and condoms limit intimacy. The leading benefits of condom use were condoms prevent pregnancy and STDs, and condoms give the user a feeling of safety. Analyses also determined that the number of vaginal, anal, and oral sexual partners significantly influenced the number of perceived barriers and participants' sex and number of vaginal, anal, and oral sexual partners influenced the number of perceived benefits to condom use. These findings may beneficial to those creating safer sex educational programs aimed at increasing rates of condom use among college students.
