Download or read book Effects of the multi fibre arrangement on developing countries trade an empirical investigation written by Refik Erzan and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1989 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rather than ease up, the MFA has been getting tougher on most developing country exporters of textiles and clothing. Trade gains for new exporters (except for marginal suppliers) due to MFA have been exaggerated; main beneficiaries were the domestic producers in industrial countries.

Download or read book Effects of the Multifibre Arrangement on Developing Countries written by Junʼichi Gotō and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1988 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Multifibre Arrangement (MFA), the most important restriction on textile and clothing exports, has damaging effects on many less developed countries, both in the short and long run.

Download or read book Effects of the Multifibre Arrangement on Developing Countries written by Junichi Goto and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Analysing the Effects of the Multifibre Arrangement on Developing Country Exporters written by W. J. Martin and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Textiles Trade and the Developing Countries written by Carl Hamilton and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers contained in this volume deal with two central issues. The first is the positive question of the effects of the Multifibre Arrangement (MFA) on developing countries. The second is the normative question of how to phase out the MFA and integrate textiles and clothing trade in the normal GATT rules in the context of the current Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations. The major effects of the MFA considered are the direct, trade-restricting effects of the bilateral quotas, their effects on prices of textiles and clothing in restricted and unrestricted markets, and hence on national and global welfare; the effects on fiber trade; the various inefficiencies introduced by the MFA and its administration; and finally, the implications of the arrangement for growth in the developing economies. These effects are discussed at a general level in the first part of this report. The second part contains a discussion of the effects of the MFA on particular countries. In considering the options for reforming the MFA, it was recognized that the successive arrangements reflected the pressures placed on governments by powerful interest groups, and that these pressures had to be taken into account in formulating proposals for policy reform. In this context a wide range of reform proposals was considered.

Download or read book The Impact of the Multifibre Arrangement on World Clothing and Textile Markets with Special Reference to China written by Yongzheng Yang and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Multi fibre Arrangement and Its Effect on Developing Countries written by Anika Chowdhury and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sewing Success written by Gladys Lopez-Acevedo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-03-14 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The end of the MFA was followed by rising apparel exports, falling prices, and a reallocation of production and employment between countries. There were also significant changes within countries. The first main finding of this report is that export and employment patterns after the MFA/ATC did not necessarily match predictions. While many predicted that production would shift to low-wage countries, this book shows that only 13 percent of variation in export changes post-MFA can be explained by the differences in wage levels. Second, changes in exports are usually, but not always, good indicators of what happens to wages and employment within countries. This is especially important for policy because it shows that simply using exports as a metric of 'success' in terms of helping the poor is not sufficient. Third, the Book identifies the specific ways that changes in the global apparel market affected earnings. The Book shows that wage premiums change in predictable ways: rising (in most cases) in countries that were proactive in adapting to the MFA phase-out and expanded their market shares, and falling in countries that failed to respond in a timely fashion to the changing environment. The Book shows that promoting 'upgrading' (defined as shifting to higher-value goods, shifting up the value chain, or 'modernizing' production techniques) seems to be necessary for sustainable competitiveness in the apparel sector but does not necessarily help the poor. Policies that support upgrading need to be complemented with targeted workforce development to make sure that the most vulnerable workers are not left behind. Having a vision for the evolution of the apparel sector that incorporates developing worker skills seems crucial. Otherwise, less-skilled workers could miss out on opportunities to gain valuable work experience in manufacturing.

Download or read book Beyond the Multifibre Arrangement written by Giorgio Barba Navaretti and published by OECD. This book was released on 1995 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Multi fibre Arrangement and Developing Countries written by European Movement. Irish Council and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Formal Estimation of the Effect of the MFA on Clothing Exports from LDCs written by Jun?ichi Got? and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exporting developing countries are losing a lot under the MFA's restrictions on trade in clothing : the trade- suppressing effects on restricted suppliers are big, the spillover effects on unrestricted LDCs are small.

Download or read book The Multi fibre Arrangement in Theory and Practice written by Ying-Pik Choi and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Textile Quotas Against Developing Countries written by Donald B. Keesing and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Implications for South Asian Countries of Abolishing the Multifibre Arrangement written by Sanjay Kathuria and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling results suggest that South Asia as a whole will gain from the abolition of the quotas under the Multifibre Arrangement. Unambiguously, however, the gains from domestic reform will increase after the abolition of the arrangement as export demand becomes more price responsive.

Download or read book The Restrictiveness of the Multi Fibre Arrangement on Eastern European Trade written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Do Developing Countries Lose from the MFA written by Irene Trela and published by London : Department of Economics, University of Western Ontario. This book was released on 1988 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides estimates of both national and global welfare costs of bilateral quotas on textiles and apparel using an applied general equilibrium model which covers bilateral quotas on exports of textiles and apparel negotiated between three major developed importing countries (the US, Canada and the EEC) and 34 supplying developing countries under the provisions of the Multifibre Arrangement applying in mid-1980s (MFA 111). Results using 1986 data clearly show that the vast majority of developing countries gain from MFA removal, with some gaining proportionately more than others. This suggests that despite foregone rent transfers, developing countries would receive gains by eliminating the MFA. In the central variant analysis, all developing countries gain by eliminating tariff and MFA restrictions because, contrary to popular belief, the developing countries (including Hong Kong, South Korea and Taiwan) are relatively small compared to developed countries even in apparel production. Rather than losing share to other developing countries under an MFA elimination, higher Income developing countries (like other developing countries) gain market share at the expense of reduced developed country production.

Download or read book Implications for South Asian Countries of Abolishing the Multifibre Arrangement written by Will J. Martin and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling results suggest that South Asia as a whole will gain from the abolition of the quotas under the Multifibre Arrangement. Unambiguously, however, the gains from domestic reform will increase after the abolition of the Arrangement as export demand becomes more price responsive.Kathuria, Martin, and Bhardwaj provide a simple introduction to the economics of the Multifibre Arrangement (MFA) and use available empirical evidence to examine its impact on exports of garments and textiles, focusing on India. Their review of the basic economics of the MFA shows the discriminatory character of the Arrangement. While exporting countries can gain from quota rents, much of this gain is likely to be offset by losses in exports to unrestricted markets, through waste resulting from domestic rent-seeking behavior, or shared with industrial country importers. Moreover, the restrictions curtail the ability of countries to generate sorely needed employment in the labor-intensive garment and textile sectors. Recent estimates for India of the export tax equivalents of the quotas suggest that they increased in 1999, after a couple of years around lower levels.The authors also examine the domestic policy distortions affecting the industry in India. While the abolition of quotas on international trade in textiles in 2005 will create opportunities for developing countries, it will also expose them to additional competition from other, formerly restrained exporters. The outcome for any country will depend on its policy response. Countries that use the opportunity to streamline their policies and improve their competitiveness are likely to increase their gains from quota abolition. Modeling results suggest that South Asia as a whole will gain from quota abolition, although different countries may experience different results. Unambiguously, however, the gains from domestic reform will increase after the abolition of the quota arrangement.This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group and the South Asia Region - is part of a larger effort in the Bank to understand the impact of trade distortions and analyze domestic policy responses. The authors may be contacted at [email protected], [email protected], or [email protected].