Download or read book Effects of Temperature on Ectothermic Organisms written by Wolfgang Wieser and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of thermoregulation in endotherms has contributed much to the emergence of the concept of control theory in biology. By the same token, the study of tempera ture adjustment in ectotherms is likely to have a far-reaching influence on ideas on the regulation of metabolism in general. The reason for this is that ectotherms, in adapting to the vagaries of a thermally unstable environment, deploy a range of subtle molecular and organismic strategies. Thus the experimenter, using temperature changes as a tool, is well equipped to analyze some of these strategies. This approach has enabled some important mechanisms of temperature-induced adaptation to be elucidated; the most striking of these are the effects on metabolism of changes in the conformation of enzymes and the transfer properties of membranes. Furthermore, there is a vague but persistent feeling among those working in this field that changes in the nervous system will ultimately prove to be the agency by which many of the molecular mechanisms of temperature adaptation are controlled. Should this indeed be the case, a new phase would soon begin in our understanding of the interactions between the systemic and the cellular levels of organization. However, it is not only questions about the causes of temperature adaptation that can provide answers of potential importance to the general biologist; of equal significance are questions as to the meaning of temperature adaptation in a particular organism.
Download or read book Temperature Biology of Animals written by Andrew Cossins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temperature is one facet in the mosaic of physical and biotic factors that describes the niche of an animal. Ofthe physical factors it is ecologically the most important. for it is a factor that is all-pervasive and one that. in most environments. lacks spatial or temporal constancy. Evolution has produced a wide variety of adaptive strategies and tactics to exploit or deal with this variable environmental factor. The ease with which temperature can be measured. and controlled experimentally. together with its widespread influence on the affairs of animals. has understandably led to a large. dispersed literature. In spite of this no recent book provides a comprehensive treatment of the biology of animals in relation to temperature. Our intention in writing this book was to fill that gap. We hope we have provided a modern statement with a critical synthesis of this diverse field. which will be suitable and stimulating for both advanced undergraduate and post graduate students of biology. This book is emphatically not intended as a monographical review. as thermal biology is such a diverse. developed discipline that it could not be encompassed within the confines of a book of this size.
Download or read book Insect Thermoregulation written by Bernd Heinrich and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1981-01-19 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physiology and body temperatures of insects.
Download or read book Thermal Adaptation written by Michael J. Angilletta Jr. and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-01-29 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temperature profoundly impacts both the phenotypes and distributions of organisms. These thermal effects exert strong selective pressures on behaviour, physiology and life history when environmental temperatures vary over space and time. Despite temperature's significance, progress toward a quantitative theory of thermal adaptation has lagged behind empirical descriptions of patterns and processes. In this book, the author draws on theory from the more general discipline of evolutionary ecology to establish a framework for interpreting empirical studies of thermal biology. This novel synthesis of theoretical and empirical work generates new insights about the process of thermal adaptation and points the way towards a more general theory. The threat of rapid climatic change on a global scale provides a stark reminder of the challenges that remain for thermal biologists and adds a sense of urgency to this book's mission. Thermal Adaptation will benefit anyone who seeks to understand the relationship between environmental variation and phenotypic evolution. The book focuses on quantitative evolutionary models at the individual, population and community levels, and successfully integrates this theory with modern empirical approaches. By providing a synthetic overview of evolutionary thermal biology, this accessible text will appeal to both graduate students and established researchers in the fields of comparative, ecological, and evolutionary physiology. It will also interest the broader audience of professional ecologists and evolutionary biologists who require a comprehensive review of this topic, as well as those researchers working on the applied problems of regional and global climate change.
Download or read book Insect Physiological Ecology written by Steven L. Chown and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2004-07-15 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a modern, synthetic overview of interactions between insects and their environments from a physiological perspective that integrates information across a range of approaches and scales. It shows that evolved physiological responses at the individual level are translated into coherent physiological and ecological patterns at larger, even global scales. This is done by examining in detail the ways in which insects obtain resources from the environment, process these resources in various ways, and turn the results into energy which allows them to regulate their internal environment as well as cope with environmental extremes of temperature and water availability. The book demonstrates that physiological responses are not only characterized by substantial temporal variation, but also shows coherent variation across several spatial scales. At the largest, global scale, there appears to be substantial variation associated with the hemisphere in which insects are found. Such variation has profound implications for patterns of biodiversity as well as responses to climate change, and these implications are explicitly discussed. The book provides a novel integration of the understanding gained from broad-scale field studies of many species and the more narrowly focused laboratory investigations of model organisms. In so doing it reflects the growing realization that an integration of mechanistic and large-scale comparative physiology can result in unexpected insights into the diversity of insects.
Download or read book Foraging Theory written by David W. Stephens and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2019-12-31 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This account of the current state of foraging theory is also a valuable description of the use of optimality theory in behavioral ecology in general. Organizing and introducing the main research themes in economic analyses of animal feeding behavior, the authors analyze the empirical evidence bearing on foraging models and answer criticisms of optimality modeling. They explain the rationale for applying optimality models to the strategies and mechanics of foraging and present the basic "average-rate maximizing" models and their extensions. The work discusses new directions in foraging research: incorporating incomplete information and risk-sensitive behavior in foraging models; analyzing trade-offs, such as nutrient requirements and the threat of being eaten while foraging; formulating dynamic models; and building constrained optimization models that assume that foragers can use only simple "rules of thumb." As an analysis of these and earlier research developments and as a contribution to debates about the role of theory in evolutionary biology. Foraging Theory will appeal to a wide range of readers, from students to research professionals, in behavioral ecology, population and community ecology, animal behavior, and animal psychology, and especially to those planning empirical tests of foraging models.
Download or read book Concepts of Biology written by Samantha Fowler and published by . This book was released on 2018-01-07 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concepts of Biology is designed for the single-semester introduction to biology course for non-science majors, which for many students is their only college-level science course. As such, this course represents an important opportunity for students to develop the necessary knowledge, tools, and skills to make informed decisions as they continue with their lives. Rather than being mired down with facts and vocabulary, the typical non-science major student needs information presented in a way that is easy to read and understand. Even more importantly, the content should be meaningful. Students do much better when they understand why biology is relevant to their everyday lives. For these reasons, Concepts of Biology is grounded on an evolutionary basis and includes exciting features that highlight careers in the biological sciences and everyday applications of the concepts at hand.We also strive to show the interconnectedness of topics within this extremely broad discipline. In order to meet the needs of today's instructors and students, we maintain the overall organization and coverage found in most syllabi for this course. A strength of Concepts of Biology is that instructors can customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom. Concepts of Biology also includes an innovative art program that incorporates critical thinking and clicker questions to help students understand--and apply--key concepts.
Download or read book Temperature Sensitivity In Insects And Application In Integrated Pest Management written by Guy J Hallman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on an array of integrated pest management tools (IPM) that exploit extreme temperatures, examining the biological basis for using temperature extremes in controlling insects and presenting practical IPM techniques that rely on temperature.
Download or read book Phenotypic Evolution written by Carl Schlichting and published by Sinauer Associates Incorporated. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phenotypic expression has variously been attributed to developmental, genetic and environmental factors. This book presents a cohesive view of how adaptive phenotypes evolve, recognizing organisms as complex genetic-epigenetic systems that develop in response to changing environments.
Download or read book Biology for AP Courses written by Julianne Zedalis and published by . This book was released on 2017-10-16 with total page 1923 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biology for AP® courses covers the scope and sequence requirements of a typical two-semester Advanced Placement® biology course. The text provides comprehensive coverage of foundational research and core biology concepts through an evolutionary lens. Biology for AP® Courses was designed to meet and exceed the requirements of the College Board’s AP® Biology framework while allowing significant flexibility for instructors. Each section of the book includes an introduction based on the AP® curriculum and includes rich features that engage students in scientific practice and AP® test preparation; it also highlights careers and research opportunities in biological sciences.
Download or read book Amniote Origins written by Stuart Sumida and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1997-01-08 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amniote Origins integrates modern systematic methods with studies of functional and physiological processes, and illustrates how studies of paleobiology can be illuminated by studies of neonatology. For this reason, comparative anatomists and physiologists, functional morphologists, zoologists, and paleontologists will all find this unique volume very useful. Inspired by the prospect of integrating fields that have long been isolated from one another, Amniote Origins provides a thorough and interdisciplinary synthesis of one of the classic transitions of evolutionary history. Integrates modern systematic methods with studies of functional and physiological processes Illustrates how studies of paleobiology can be illuminated by studies of neonatology Provides a thorough and interdisciplinary synthesis of one of the classic transitions of evolutionary history
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Estuaries written by Michael J. Kennish and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-17 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Estuaries, part of Springer's Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, provides a single, state-of-the-art, comprehensive reference volume on estuaries for research scientists, educators, students, and others. Consisting of almost 270 subject entries in an easy-to-use format, this volume covers the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of estuaries. In total more than 225 authors from around the world have contributed to the encyclopedia on such diverse subjects as biotic communities, essential habitats, food webs, fisheries, hydrology, pollution, conservation, and many more. The Encyclopedia of Estuaries will meet the needs of professionals worldwide by supplying detailed information from world-class estuarine and marine scientists as well as experts from other fields of study.
Download or read book Experimental Ecology written by William J. Resetarits and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimentation is a dominant approach in contemporary ecological research, pervading studies at all levels of biological organization and across diverse taxa and habitats. Experimental Ecology assembles an eminent group of ecologists who synthesize insights from these varied sources into a cogent statement about experimentalism as an analytical paradigm, placing experimentation within the larger framework of ecological investigation. The book discusses diverse experimental approaches ranging from laboratory microcosms to manipulation of entire ecosystem, illustrating the myriad ways experiments strengthen ecological inference. Experimental ecologists critique their science to move the field forward on all fronts: from better designs, to better links between experiments and theory, to more realism in experiments targeted at specific systems and questions.
Download or read book The Ecological Implications of Body Size written by Robert Henry Peters and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1986-03-31 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes in detail how the physical size of an organism affects its biology. Presents the largest single compilation of inter-specific size relations and instructs the reader on their comparison, combination, and criticism.
Download or read book Ecophysiological Analysis of Vulnerability to Climate Warming in Ectotherms written by Lin Zhang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-07-25 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temperature plays a critical role in animal survival and climate warming is one of the greatest threats to global biodiversity in the future. It is already affecting species and communities with severe impacts and it is predicted that climate warming will cause species extinctions and distributional shifts in the coming decades. The impact of climate warming is expected to be particularly severe on ectothermic animals, including fishes, amphibians, and reptiles. Thus, assessing species’ responses to ongoing climate warming and determining what conservation actions should be taken are among the most significant and controversial challenges for ecologists. Identifying the most vulnerable species to extinction as a result of climate warming is an appropriate first step in mitigating the impacts of a changing world. An organism’s vulnerability to climate warming depends on its sensitivity to environmental changes, its exposure to the change, and its ability to recover from and potential to adapt to change. The interaction of these factors makes predicting the effects of climate warming on species a complex and major challenge for ecologists. Developing a deeper knowledge of ectotherms’ vulnerability to climate warming is crucial to enhance our understanding of extinction processes and significantly contribute to conservation efforts by guiding the implementation of better policies and management strategies to prevent the extinction of remaining populations. Investigations of climate warming vulnerability are likely to benefit from measurements of environmental conditions taken at the scale at which organisms experience them. Therefore, the main objective of this interdisciplinary Research Topic is to bring together research on how ectotherms respond to climate warming at various levels. We will particularly focus on the life-history, energy strategy, physiological response, etc. We encourage inter-and multidisciplinary research approaches linking molecular biology, thermal physiology (and ecology), behavioral ecology, functional ecology, evolutionary genetics, and bioenergetics.
Download or read book Thermobiology written by Anthony H. Rose and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effects of temperature on the state of water in the living cell; Heat effects on proteins and enzymes; Effects of elevated temperatures on DNA and on some polynucleotides: denaturation, renaturation and cleavage of glycosidic and phosphate ester bonds; The effect of heat on membranes and membrane constituents; Temperature effects on micro-organisms; The effect of temperature on the relation between animal viruses and their hosts; Heat responses of higher plants; Insects and temperature; The heat responses of invertebrates (exclusive of insects); Responses of vertebrate poikilotherms to temperature; Resistance to cold in mammals; Resistance to heat in man and other homeothermic animals; Medical applications of thermobiology; Thermal energy as a factor in the biology of soils; Thermal energy as a factor in the biology of the polar regions.
Download or read book Handbook of Trait Based Ecology written by Francesco de Bello and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-03-11 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trait-based ecology is rapidly expanding. This comprehensive and accessible guide covers the main concepts and tools in functional ecology.
