Download or read book Effects of Supplementation of Branched Chain Volatile Fatty Acids on Rumen Fermentation and Nutrient Utilization in Growing Crossbred Cattle written by Asim Kumar Misra and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Supplemental Dietary Fat on Rumen Fermentation Nutrient Flow to the Duodenum and Milk Yield and Composition of Lactating Dairy Cows written by Charles Karuku Gachuiri and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Medium chain Fatty Acid Supplementation Effects on Dairy Cow Performance and Rumen Fermentation written by Matthew Burdick and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) are fatty acids with chain lengths between 6-12 carbons and are primarily metabolized by the liver, however they may be absorbed and metabolized by intestinal mucosa. Medium-chain fatty acids provide the animal with available energy quicker as compared to other fatty acids. Additionally, MCFA have been shown to have strong antimicrobial properties due to the amphiphilic structure. The objective of this research was to evaluate effects of medium-chain fatty acid supplementation on productivity, plasma energy metabolite concentrations, apparent total tract nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, and rumen microbial profile of lactating dairy cows. Thirty (n = 8 primiparous, n = 22 multiparous) Holstein cows in mid-lactation (637 ± 68.5 kg of initial body weight, 98.5 ± 27.4 d in milk; mean ± standard deviation) were used in a crossover design with 28-d periods. The MCFA supplement, consisted of 25% MCFA (containing 32% C8:0, 21% C10:0, 47% C12:0 on DM basis) and 75% carrier ingredient, was fed at 0.25% of dietary DM, replacing dry ground corn in control (CON). Total inclusion of MCFA was 0.063% of dietary DM. No differences were observed in dry matter intake, apparent total tract nutrient digestibility and body weight change between MCFA and CON. However, there was a negative relationship between pretrial milk yield and animal response to MCFA treatment in body weight change; higher producing cows tended to increase body weight to a less extent when MCFA was supplemented. Milk and milk component yields did not differ between treatment groups. However, a negative relationship between pretrial milk yield and animal response to MCFA treatment in milk protein yield; higher producing cows decreased protein yield to a greater extent when MCFA was supplemented. The MCFA supplementation tended to have higher minimum rumen pH (5.66 vs. 5.54; P = 0.08), and decreased daily fluctuation range of rumen pH (1.17 vs. 1.40; P = 0.02) compared to CON. However, duration of acidosis (pH

Download or read book Effect of Essential Oils on Rumen Fermentation Nutrient Utilization and Milk Production in Crossbred Cows written by Debashis Roy and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Rumen Fermentation Pattern and Nutrient Utilization in Cross Bred Cattle Fed on Rations Supplemented with Urea Molasses Blocks written by Saroj Toppo and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Estimation of Microbial Protein Supply in Ruminants Using Urinary Purine Derivatives written by Harinder P.S. Makkar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-05 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture has a long history of coordinating isotope aided research projects for improving animal productivity in developing countries. These projects have focused on enhancing the efficiency of animal production through better use of locally available feed resources and those that do not compete with human food. As a part of these efforts, the Joint Division has been actively involved in developing and simplifying approaches for measuring microbial protein supply to ruminant livestock. The contribution of microbial protein in meeting the overall requirement for protein in ruminants is significant, but understanding the contribution of microbial protein to the nutrition of ruminant livestock has been hampered by the lack of simple and accurate methods for measuring microbial protein production in vivo. A Consultants’ Meeting was held in 1995 in Vienna to explore the feasibility of using nuclear and related techniques to develop and validate new approaches for measuring microbial protein supply in ruminant animals. Based on the available information, the consultants considered that the purine derivative excretion method, which is non-invasive and both simple to use and inexpensive compared with other available methods, had the potential for use in developing countries. However, development of models for various animal species and breeds and their validation were required before this technique could be advocated for use.

Download or read book Effect of Supplementation of Acid Oil on in Vitro Digestibility Nutrient Utilization and Growth Rate in Crossbred Cattle written by Ram Singh and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Roughage Level in the Ration on Production of Short Chain Acids and Sulfur Amino Acids in Rumen Fermentation written by Roy Saltzman Emery and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Indian Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 796 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Feeding Different Energy Sources on Rumen Fermentation and Nutrient Utilization in Crossbred Calves written by T. K. Dutta and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Dietary Fatty Acids and Other Nutritional Supplements on Biological Processes in Dairy Cows written by Claudio Fabian Vargas-Rodriguez and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability of nutritional supplements to generate responses in productive animals at different physiological stages, and their interaction with the particular gastrointestinal tract of ruminants have created the necessity to explore effects beyond productivity. Modulation of immune function and inflammatory processes, modifications of nutrient metabolism, and interactions with the ruminal microbial population are effects attributed to supplements that encouraged the formulation of the set of experiments described in this dissertation. The first experiment was designed to test the effects of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids supplemented in milk replacer for Holstein calves during the pre-weaning period on the immune system, lipid and glucose metabolism, and growth performance when animals underwent a vaccination protocol. Neither supplemental fatty acid source affected productivity, cytokine production, antibody production, or CD4 and CD8 cell proliferation. A treatment effect on glucose and NEFA plasma concentration was observed. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly DHA, lowered glucose and NEFA levels compared to control; moreover, a dose effect was observed indicating that increasing amounts of PUFA decreased plasma glucose level. The second experiment tested the effects of Co carbonate (CoCarb) and Co glucoheptonate (CoGH) at different concentrations of Co on in vitro fermentation rate, fermentation end-products, and DM and NDF disappearance. Dry matter and NDF disappearance increased with CoGH relative to CoCarb at 1.0 ppm Co or less. CoCarb at> 3.0 ppm appeared to stimulate the biohydrogenation of long-chain fatty acids whereas CoGH had limited effects on this process. Finally, the third study evaluated responses to chromium propionate during peak lactation and interactions between chromium and rumen-protected lysine and methionine. Chromium propionate increased feed intake and tended to increase energy-corrected milk yield. Primiparous cows showed greater responses in feed intake and milk protein yield than multiparous cows. In this study, feeding chromium propionate near peak lactation increased feed intake and tended to increase productivity but no benefits of supplementing rumen-protected lysine and methionine were observed. Overall, nutritional supplements helped to regulate different biological functions in ruminants; their utilization is not always is feasible, but the results of these experiments provide guidance about effectiveness during different physiological situations.

Download or read book Influence of Supplement Composition on Utilization of Low quality Cool season Forages by Beef Cattle written by Dustin L. McGuire and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two studies were conducted to evaluate the influence of supplement composition on intake and digestibility of a low-quality (6% CP), cool-season forage, as well as cow performance. Treatments included a non-supplemented control (CON), corn (approximately 8% CP), corn and urea (LU = corn + 0.09 mg/kg BW urea, approximately 27% CP; HU = corn + 0.17 mg/kg BW urea, approximately 43% CP) and a positive control of SBM (approximately 51% CP). In Experiment 1, 5 ruminally cannulated Angus x Hereford steers (560 ± 79 kg of BW) were used in an incomplete 5 x 4 Latin square with four 28-d periods to compare the effects of urea addition to a corn-based supplement on forage intake, digestibility and ruminal fermentation characteristics. Forage intake and digestibility were not influence by supplementation (P 0.10); however, intake was greater for SBM than HU (P = 0.01). Ruminal NH3-N increased with supplementation (P 0.01), increased linearly with urea inclusion (P 0.01) and was greater for HU than SBM (P 0.01), However, ruminal NH3-N for non-supplemented steers was 1.61 mM, within the range believed to support optimal growth of rumen microbes in vivo, suggesting that ruminally available-N was not limiting forage utilization. Total volatile fatty acid concentration was not influenced by supplement composition (P 0.10). In Experiment 2, 80 late gestation (approximately 190 d pregnant) Angus x Hereford cows (507 ± 10 kg) were stratified by age, BCS, and BW and randomly allotted to the treatments described in Experiment 1 (20 pens; 4 cows/pen; 4 pens/treatment). Cow BW and BCS change were improved with supplementation (P

Download or read book Effect of Feeding Supplemental Palmitic and Stearic Acid on Intake Production and Nutrient Digestion in Lactating Dairy Cattle written by Richard Shepardson and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy in many modern lactating dairy cow rations is a limiting factor for production. Supplementing diets with various fat sources can improve energy intake, which allows cows to maintain milk and component production as well as body condition. Due to the negative effects on intake and rumen fermentation by unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), many modern supplements are based on saturated long chain fatty acids (FA), which are not expected to cause adverse effects in the rumen. These supplements are commonly based on palmitic acid (PA) and stearic acid (SA), as well as various combinations thereof. First, this thesis investigated the physical characteristics of fat supplements and FA stocks (often used for making FA blends for commercial products). Supplements that are highly enriched (>95%) in PA or SA tend to have lower digestibility than those that are moderately enriched (~85%) or are a blend of PA and SA. Lipids have the ability to form rigid, secondary crystalline structures and this thesis provided evidence using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) that increasing the enrichment of a FA within a fat supplement increased both the melting temperature and the amount of energy (enthalpy) required to melt a sample. Increasing UFA in FA stocks also decreased both melting temperature and enthalpy compared to enriched FA stocks. This is indicative of the formation of secondary crystalline structures and suggests that these physical characteristics may be playing a role in the decreased digestibility of highly enriched supplements. Secondly, this thesis conducted an experiment with lactating cows comparing supplements that differed in FA profile and demonstrated that fat supplements that were ~90% PA and approximately a 50/50 blend of PA and SA improved milk fat production compared to a supplement that was ~90% SA and a no-supplemental fat control group. The PA/SA blend also improved energy corrected milk compared to the SA treatment. Fatty acid digestibility was decreased with increasing inclusion of SA in the diet, which may have been an issue of either exceeding the lower tracts ability to emulsify the extra saturated long chain FA or that the supplement prill was not easily broken down. Thirdly, a subsequent experiment with lactating cows observed that increased inclusion of oleic acid (OA) in a supplement of mostly PA and SA did not change milk or component production in any facet. There also was no milk production response to lecithin being directly incorporated into the supplement. However, digestibility data will be necessary to assess whether or not these potential emulsifiers improved FA absorption in the lower tract. In conclusion, this thesis presents a potential tool for screening fat supplements for secondary physical characteristics via DSC. It also presents data that suggests PA improves production and FA digestibility compared to SA, and finally that increasing OA and lecithin do not have appreciable impacts on milk and component production.

Download or read book Rumen Microbiome Interacting with Host Genetics Dietary Nutrients Metabolism Animal Production and Environment written by Shengguo Zhao and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-10-11 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Alfalfa Silage written by Ollie Ezekiel Reed and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book In Vitro Gas Production Rumen Fermentation Pattern and Nutrient Utilization in Crossbred Cattle Fed Diets Containing Different Levels of Acid Oil written by S. Das and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Supplementing Branched Chain Fatty Acid and Fibrolytic Enzymes to Ammoniated Straw Based Diet on Fibre Digestion Nutrient Utilization and Milk Production in Dairy Cows written by Kamal Shojaeian and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: