Download or read book Effects of Supplemental Fat Source on Finishing Cattle Growth Performance Carcass Characteristics Ruminal Metabolism and Site and Extent of Digestion written by Sean P. Montgomery and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Rumen Microbial Ecosystem written by P.N. Hobson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Preface to the first edition of this book explained the reasons for the publication of a comprehensive text on the rumen and rumen microbes in 1988. The microbes of the ruminant's forestomach and those in related organs in other animals and birds provide the means by which herbivorous animals can digest and obtain nutriment from vegetation. In turn, humans have relied, and still do rely, on herbivores for much of their food, clothing and motive power. Herbivores also form the food of carnivorous animals and birds in the wild. The importance of the rumen microorganisms is thus apparent. But, while a knowledge of rumen organisms is not strictly neces sary for the normal, practical feeding of farm animals, in recent years there has been much more emphasis on increasing the productivity of domesti cated animals and in rearing farm animals on unusual feedstuffs. Here, a knowledge of the reactions of the rumen flora, and the limits to these reactions, can be invaluable. In addition, anaerobic rumen-type microor ganisms are found in the intestines of omnivores, including humans, and can be implicated in diseases of humans and animals. They are also found in soils and natural waters, where they playa part in causing pollution and also in reducing it, while the same organisms confined in artificial systems are essential for the purification of sewage and other polluting and toxic wastes.
Download or read book Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry written by Rodney A. Hill and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-09-11 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry provides a thorough and concise overview of feed efficiency in beef cattle. It frames the great importance of feed efficiency to the industry and details the latest findings of the many scientific disciplines that intersect and aim to improve efficient and sustainable production of nutritious beef. The vast majority of production costs are directly tied to feed. With increased demand for grains to feed a rapidly increasing world population and to supply a new demand for alternative fuels, feed costs continue to increase. In recent years, the negative environmental impacts of inefficient feeding have also been realized; as such feed efficiency is an important factor in both economic viability and environmental sustainability of cattle production. Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry covers a broad range of topics ranging from economic evaluation of feed efficiency to the physiological and genetic bases of efficient conversion of feed to high quality beef. Chapters also look at how a fuller understanding of feed efficiency is leading to new selective breeding efforts to develop more efficient cattle. With wide-ranging coverage from leading international researchers, Feed Efficiency will be a valuable resource for producers who wish to understand the complexities, challenges, and opportunities to reduce their cost of production, for students studying the topic and for researchers and professionals working in the beef industry.
Download or read book Effects of Finishing System confinement Vs Pasture Supplemental Fat and Copper on Performance Carcass Characteristics and Lipid Metabolism in Finishing Steers written by Michelle K. Woolley and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Feedlot Cattle Nutrition and Metabolism written by Danilo Domingues Millen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-07-31 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing demand for high-quality beef has led to the necessity of including higher levels of cereal grains and its by-products into cattle diets. In this context, adequate nutrition of beef cattle involves knowledge of energy and nutrient requirements to define specific nutritional strategy. The evolution feeding strategies to feedlot cattle depends on advances related to ruminant metabolism, as well as to the ruminal microbiota. Furthermore, a continuous flow of knowledge development in feedlot cattle nutrition and metabolism is important, as new feeds, additives, or even new management approaches come up very often, and new scenarios will impact protein and energy metabolism, the ruminal microbiota, and also strategies to modulate ruminal fermentation to improve health and performance of feedlot cattle. Overall, the main goal of this Research Topic is to contribute with recent advances in feedlot cattle nutrition and metabolism, addressing studies related to the nutrition of high-performing ruminants, with a special emphasis on the feed efficiency, ruminal fermentation and animal performance. Furthermore, we are interested in different aspects of sustainability and efficiency. In other words, the goal is to attract studies that address such issues, both from a general perspective and in relation to specific domains. Hence, the integration of existing and current knowledge will help refine strategies to optimize the performance of feedlot cattle.
Download or read book Understanding the Effect of Reduced Supplementation Frequency on Performance Digestion and Metabolism of Stocker Cattle written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supplements are often fed to stocker cattle on forage-based diets to improve animal performance. Delivery costs can make up a substantial portion of the cost of supplementation. Reducing supplementation frequency can reduce labor and equipment costs and therefore has the potential to increase profit. However, less frequent feeding requires feeding larger quantities of supplement at once and can increase the likelihood of negative associative effects of supplementation. Additionally, little is understood about the metabolic response of ruminants to large fluxuation in nutrient intake. A 50:50 blend of soyhulls and corn gluten feed is widely used by producers to supplement growing cattle. This blend is high in energy but low in starch. It also contains a moderate amount of protein, much of which is ruminally degradable. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of reducing supplementation frequency of a soybean hull and corn gluten feed blend on performance, digestion, and concentrations of metabolites and hormonal growth regulators in blood of steers. In Experiment 1, growing steers consuming medium quality fescue hay were supplemented either daily, 3 times a week, or 2 times a week. Hay intake was decreased by reducing supplementation frequency but gains were not affected. As a result, the feed to gain ratio increased slightly with less frequent supplementation. In Experiment 2, six ruminally cannulated steers consuming medium quality fescue hay were used in a replicated 3 x 3 Latin square to determine the effect of supplement frequency (daily at 1% BW or on alternate days at 2% BW) on digestion and ruminal parameters. Reducing supplementation frequency decreased hay intake but did not affect digestibility of the diet. On the day of supplementation molar proportions both of propionate and butyrate in the rumen of steers supplemented on alternate days was increased compared to those supplemented daily. In Experiment 3, growing steers were individually.
Download or read book Studies on the Effect of Fat Source and Amount on Ruminal Metabolism and Digestion and on the Use of Long Chain Hydrocarbons as a Digestion Marker in Cows written by Ojimadu A. Ohajuruka and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Supplemental Rumen protected Fat in Feedlot Rations written by Deke Omar Alkire and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Four experiments were conducted to determine the effects of supplemental rumen-protected fat in feedlot rations. The first experiment tested the effects of supplemental calcium and magnesium salts of fatty acids on ruminal fermentation and duodenal fatty acid flow in beef steers fed forage-free diets. These saponified fatty acids did not disrupt ruminal fermentation but provided little protection from ruminal biohydrogenation under these conditions. The second experiment evaluated the effects of increasing levels of calcium salts on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. A moderate (6.2%) level of calcium salts had no effect on average daily gain (ADG) or feed efficiency (FE). However, ADG and FE were decreased when calcium salts were fed at 8.7% of the diet. The third experiment evaluated the effects of calcium salt supplementation in traditional and forage-free feedlot diets on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. Supplemental rumen-protected fat had no effect on ADG or FE but decreased ribeye area (REA) when fed at 6.5% of the diet. The fourth experiment evaluated the effects of feeding calcium salts on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and blood metabolites that affect the growth of feedlot animals. Supplemental rumen-protected fat decreased ADG and intake with no effect on FE when fed at 6.5% of the diet. In addition, calcium salts had little effect on carcass measurements and blood metabolites.
Download or read book Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism written by Graham C. Burdge and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism explores a number of major roles of PUFA in the body, including its role as a component of cell membranes and how it provides substrates for the synthesis of lipid second messengers. Recent studies are unraveling the effect of interactions between diet and endocrine factors and genetic and epigenetic variation on the regulation of PUFA biosynthesis in animals. Together, these recent findings provide novel insights into the impact of differences in PUFA supply on health. This book captures these findings in a manner that marks the state-of-the-art, placing them in the wider context of PUFA metabolism and nutritional science. Users will find a comprehensive discussion on the topic that presents the contributions of leading researchers who combine their knowledge to create a cohesive academic resource for researchers, those involved in production, and health policymakers. Provides a comprehensive view of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism Describes underlying metabolism on lipids that include polyunsaturated fatty acids Includes discussions on recent findings on the genetic and epigenetic regulation of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism
Download or read book Metabolic Modifiers written by National Research Council and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past decade, animal scientists have learned that administering recombinantly derived somatotropin (growth hormone) to cows improves milk production and that giving beta-adrenergic agonists to meat animals improves productivity and leanness. In order for these metabolic modifiers to yield benefits, however, sound management of the animals' nutrition is necessary. This volume reports on how these substances work in the animals' metabolism, what effects they might have on nutrient requirements of domestic livestock, and what information should be developed further by investigators. The book explores the current understanding of the biology, structure, mechanisms of action, and treatment effects of somatotropin, beta-adrenergic agonists, and anabolic steroids. A companion volume to the Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals series, this authoritative volume will be required reading for animal scientists, researchers, veterinarians, livestock farmers, and faculty and students in university animal veterinary science programs.
Download or read book Effects of Dietary Fat and Protein from Corn Coproducts on Growth Carcass Characteristics Ruminal Metabolism and Genomic Regulation of Marbling Development in Early weaned Beef Cattle written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lipid Metabolism in Ruminant Animals written by William W. Christie and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-19 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lipid Metabolism in Ruminant Animals is a nine-chapter book that first discusses the anatomy, physiology, and microbiology of the ruminant digestive tract. Subsequent chapters center on lipid metabolism in the rumen; digestion, absorption and transport of lipids in ruminant animals; the composition, structure and function of lipids in the tissues of ruminant animals; and the effects of diet and other factors on the lipid composition of ruminant tissues and milk. Other chapters focus on lipid metabolism in the mammary gland, adipose tissue, liver, and other selected tissues of ruminant animals.
Download or read book Influence of Source of Lipid in Cattle Finishing Diets on Growth Carcass Characteristics Meat Quality and Digestion written by Erik R. Loe and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Increasing Postruminal Amino Acid Supply to Cattle Consuming Forages written by Bret Hess and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provision of supplemental nutrients is often necessary to obtain a desirable level of beef cattle productivity. The productive potential has been shown to increase in response to strategic supplementation programs. It has been speculated that production from growing and lactating cattle is limited by inadequate supply of metabolizable amino acids. Deficiencies are heightened when cattle are exposed to cold environments. Increasing metabolizable amino acids is commonly accomplished by implementing one of two supplementation regimens: (1) protein sources which escape ruminal digestion (UIP) or (2) ruminally protected amino acids (RPAA). Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of increasing postruminal amino acid supply to cattle. In experiment 1, 30 lightweight heifers were used to determine the influence of supplemental soybean hulls plus UIP on intake, growth performance, and serum metabolites. Intake was not influenced by supplementation during cold ambient conditions, but growth performance was greatest for heifers offered UIP. Serum glucose, urea N, and non-esterified fatty acids were increased in heifers receiving supplemental UIP compared to those fed the isocaloric equivalent amount of soybean hulls. Six multi-cannulated Holstein steers were used in experiment 2 to evaluate the effects of the same supplements on site and extent of digestion at thermoneutrality and exposure to cold conditions. Fluid and particulate passage from the rumen increased during cold exposure, which did not affect microbial flow to the duodenum. Digestibility of N shifted from the small intestine to the large intestine in response to the cold environment, which allowed greater OM and NDF digestibilities in the lower and total tract of steers supplemented with UIP. From the results of these two experiments, it is suggested that addition of UIP to soybean hulls increased growth performance by maintaining nutrient digestion and enhancing metabolic status in the cold. Experiment 3 was conducted to determine how primiparous beef cattle respond to increasing level of postruminal methionine and lysine. Total milk protein exhibited a quadratic response with increasing level of RPAA, while cow weight gain yielded an inverse response to RPAA. Growth hormone, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-I were not affected by dietary treatment, but did respond to changes in physiological state. Therefore, shifts in production away from body weight gain to increased milk production did not appear to be associated with changes in metabolic regulators.
Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Small Ruminants written by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Nutrient Requirements of Small Ruminants and published by 中国法制出版社. This book was released on 2007-01-05 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proper formulation of diets for small ruminants depends on adequate knowledge of their nutrient requirements.
