Download or read book Effects of Secondary Electron Emission on Charging written by M. S. Leung and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Secondary Electron Generation Emission and Transport Effects on Spacecraft Charging and NASCAP Models written by Ira Katz and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Secondary electron phenomena play an important role in many aspects of spacecraft charging. This paper discusses three distinct cases that show: 1)A good formulation for the secondary electron yield as a function of incident electron energy is needed in order to determine whether a given particle spectrum will cause strong negative charging for a given spacecraft material; 2) Suppression of secondary electron emission by electric fields plays a dominant role in sunlight charging; and 3) Surface conductivity associated with the presence of a secondary electron layer plays a key role in enhancing the current collection by small, positively biased pinholes or interconnects. The treatments of these various aspects of secondary electron phenomena in the NASCAP and NASCAP/LEO codes provide good quantitative results for secondary electron effects. Errors are probably due to uncertainties in the input parameters to the codes and to uncertainties in experimental measurements than to inadequacies in the code formulations.
Download or read book Space charge Limitation of Secondary Electron Emission Currents Produced by High Energy Radiations written by Peter D. Gianino and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Secondary electron emission is an important consideration in radiation hardening of electronics. Basic information on this phenomenon, its influence, and the factors that affect its magnitude are required. Space -charge effects on the low-energy, secondary-electron emission currents flowing within any evacuated, two-electrode, plane-parallel system bombarded by KeV or MeV electrons or photons are treated in this report. The secondary emission from each irradiated electrode is assumed to be representable by a Maxwellian distribution, as is done in thermionic electron emission. This permits the complete analytical solution for the thermionic problem to be carried over in its entirety to the secondary case. The principal objective is to determine the net current density between the electrodes J sub c, given the saturation current density J sub s, or vice-versa, under known geometrical and electrical conditions. It is found that d(2) J sub o, where d is the electrode separation, is a useful parameter for characterizing space-charge effects in a parallel-plate geometry system. Generalized graphs employing this parameter are presented so that the results derived here can be readily applied to cases of interest; they permit the determination of threshold voltage conditions for space-charge limitation and partial retardation effects in a diode configuration. Other graphs show the variation of d(2) J sub c with applied voltage. These theoretical predictions are compared to data derived from some AFCRL experiments, in which foil electrodes of aluminum, tantalum and gold were irradiated by 60Co gamma-rays and 10 MeV electrons. (Author).
Download or read book Physics and Applications of Secondary Electron Emission written by H. Bruining and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-01-11 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physics and Applications of Secondary Electron Emission provides a survey of the physics and applications of secondary electron emission. It is part of a series of monographs that aim to report on research carried out in electronics and applied physics. The monographs are written by specialists in their own subjects. Wherever it is practical the monographs will be kept short in length to enable all those interested in electronics to find the essentials necessary for their work in a condensed and concentrated form. The book begins with a discussion of secondary electrons. Separate chapters cover methods for measuring secondary electron emission; numerical results on the secondary electron emission yield of both metals and metal compounds; the influence of externally adsorbed foreign atoms and ions on secondary electron emission; and the mechanism of secondary electron emission. The final three chapters deal with the application side. These include the applications of electron multiplication; the elimination of disturbing effects due to secondary electrons; and ""storage"" devices in which information on electrical charges is written on an insulating surface, often by making use of secondary electron emission.
Download or read book Secondary Electron Emission from a Metal Surface Bombarded by Slow Multiply Charged Ions written by Shunsuke Ohtani and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling the Effects of Secondary Electron Emission Characteristics on Charged Matter Beam Induced Depositions written by Christopher M. Breslin and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Space charge Limitation of Secondary Electron Emission Currents Produced by High Energy Radiations written by Peter D. Gianino and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Secondary electron emission is an important consideration in radiation hardening of electronics. Basic information on this phenomenon, its influence, and the factors that affect its magnitude are required. Space -charge effects on the low-energy, secondary-electron emission currents flowing within any evacuated, two-electrode, plane-parallel system bombarded by KeV or MeV electrons or photons are treated in this report. The secondary emission from each irradiated electrode is assumed to be representable by a Maxwellian distribution, as is done in thermionic electron emission. This permits the complete analytical solution for the thermionic problem to be carried over in its entirety to the secondary case. The principal objective is to determine the net current density between the electrodes J sub c, given the saturation current density J sub s, or vice-versa, under known geometrical and electrical conditions. It is found that d(2) J sub o, where d is the electrode separation, is a useful parameter for characterizing space-charge effects in a parallel-plate geometry system. Generalized graphs employing this parameter are presented so that the results derived here can be readily applied to cases of interest; they permit the determination of threshold voltage conditions for space-charge limitation and partial retardation effects in a diode configuration. Other graphs show the variation of d(2) J sub c with applied voltage. These theoretical predictions are compared to data derived from some AFCRL experiments, in which foil electrodes of aluminum, tantalum and gold were irradiated by 60Co gamma-rays and 10 MeV electrons. (Author)
Download or read book Effects of Secondary Electron Emission on Charge Pulses from a Z stack Microchannel Plate Photon Counting Detector with a Crossed Delay Line Anode Readout written by Alan Walker Bird and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Initial Electron Velocities and Space Charge in Secondary Emission written by Stanford University. Stanford Electronics Laboratories and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physics of Satellite Surface Charging written by Shu T. Lai and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-03-18 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will explore the fundamentals of spacecraft charging: why it occurs, when it occurs, where it occurs, how to measure it, and its side effects. It will discuss state-of-the-art spacecraft charging technologies, which will be explained in detail and with pedagogical emphasis. Exercises for further learning will be included to facilitate a deeper understanding of the material. It will be of interest to advanced undergraduate and graduate students, in addition to researchers working in physics and engineering keen to understand more about spacecraft interactions with space plasmas. Key Features: Translates complex terminology into accessible language Authored by experts in the field Provides worked examples and exercises for further learning
Download or read book Multipactor Discharge written by Ágúst Valfells and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Some Effects of Electron Bombardment on the Secondary Electron Emission from Magnesium Oxide Crystals written by DeWayne Carl Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quantitative Core Level Photoelectron Spectroscopy written by Juan A Colón Santana and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2016-01-01 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photoemission (also known as photoelectron) spectroscopy refers to the process in which an electron is removed from a specimen after the atomic absorption of a photon. The first evidence of this phenomenon dates back to 1887 but it was not until 1905 that Einstein offered an explanation of this effect, which is now referred to as ""the photoelectric effect"". Quantitative Core Level Photoelectron Spectroscopy: A Primer tackles the pragmatic aspects of the photoemission process with the aim of introducing the reader to the concepts and instrumentation that emerge from an experimental approach. The basic elements implemented for the technique are discussed and the geometry of the instrumentation is explained. The book covers each of the features that have been observed in the X-ray photoemission spectra and provides the tools necessary for their understanding and correct identification. Charging effects are covered in the penultimate chapter with the final chapter bringing closure to the basic uses of the X-ray photoemission process, as well as guiding the reader through some of the most popular applications used in current research.
Download or read book A Satellite Ion electron Collector written by Elden C. Whipple and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of grid transparency, photoemission, and secondary emission on the currents measured by an ion-electron collector experiment flown on OGO I are examined in detail. The calculated grid transparencies agree with laboratory tests. The measured photocurrents as a function of angle of incidence i agree reasonably well with the calculated current assuming the yield is proportional to (cos i + sec i). Equations are derived for the effects or secondary emission on the background currents caused by particles with energies greater than 30 eV, from which the fluxes and yields may be at times be calculated. The energies of the primaries can be estimated from the calculated secondary yields.
Download or read book Waves in Dusty Space Plasmas written by Frank Verheest and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume a thorough review is given of waves in dusty plasmas, a fascinating new domain combining plasmas and charged dust, two omnipresent ingredients of the Universe. Spokes and braids observed in the rings of Saturn cannot be explained by gravitation alone, but need the presence of charged dust. Other examples abound, as in zodiacal light, noctilucent clouds, comets and molecular clouds. After discussing charging mechanisms, supported by exciting new experiments, and space observations, the book describes extensions of known plasma modes covering the low frequencies typical for charged dust. Mixing detailed theoretical steps with summaries of expert contributions, a systematic multi-species treatment puts the literature in perspective, suitable also for newcomers. Typical complications like fluctuating dust charges, self-gravitational effects, and size distributions are dealt with, before ending with an outlook to future work and open questions. In this way, experts as well as interested newcomers will find a reliable guide, not just a compendium.
Download or read book Introduction to the Physics of Electron Emission written by Kevin L. Jensen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical, in-depth description of the physics behind electron emission physics and its usage in science and technology Electron emission is both a fundamental phenomenon and an enabling component that lies at the very heart of modern science and technology. Written by a recognized authority in the field, with expertise in both electron emission physics and electron beam physics, An Introduction to Electron Emission provides an in-depth look at the physics behind thermal, field, photo, and secondary electron emission mechanisms, how that physics affects the beams that result through space charge and emittance growth, and explores the physics behind their utilization in an array of applications. The book addresses mathematical and numerical methods underlying electron emission, describing where the equations originated, how they are related, and how they may be correctly used to model actual sources for devices using electron beams. Writing for the beam physics and solid state communities, the author explores applications of electron emission methodology to solid state, statistical, and quantum mechanical ideas and concepts related to simulations of electron beams to condensed matter, solid state and fabrication communities. Provides an extensive description of the physics behind four electron emission mechanisms—field, photo, and secondary, and how that physics relates to factors such as space charge and emittance that affect electron beams. Introduces readers to mathematical and numerical methods, their origins, and how they may be correctly used to model actual sources for devices using electron beams Demonstrates applications of electron methodology as well as quantum mechanical concepts related to simulations of electron beams to solid state design and manufacture Designed to function as both a graduate-level text and a reference for research professionals Introduction to the Physics of Electron Emission is a valuable learning tool for postgraduates studying quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics, solid state physics, electron transport, and beam physics. It is also an indispensable resource for academic researchers and professionals who use electron sources, model electron emission, develop cathode technologies, or utilize electron beams.
Download or read book The Importance of Accurate Secondary Electron Yields in Modeling Spacecraft Charging written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spacecraft charging has commonly been attributed to electrons with several kilovolts of energy impinging upon spacecraft surfaces. Recent experimental evidence from the SCATHA satellite has shown that charging correlates well with electrons of energies greater than 30 keV. In this paper it is shown that the SCATHA observations are consistent with the model of charging in which a satellite is immersed in a Maxwellian plasma, particle collection is orbit limited, and dominant surface effects are the emission of secondary and backscattered electrons. The energy dependence of the secondary yield for multi-kilovolt incident electrons determines the charging threshold. In the past, inadequate representations of the secondary yield have led experimenters to question the validity of the charging model. The accuracy of the secondary electron yield formulation based on electron stopping power, such as the one in the NASCAP and POLAR charging codes, gives good agreement with the SCATHA results. A Maxwellian representation of the magnetospehric plasma is justified by choosing effective temperatures and densities that minimize the error in calculating charging current densities. Keywords: Spacecraft Charging, Secondary Electrons; POLAR Analytical Modeling.
