Download or read book Effects of Process Parameters on Recovery of Base Oil from Spent Lubricants Using Solvent Extraction Method written by Mohd Fadzli Yaaccob and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Typically lubricants contain 90% base oil (most often petroleum fractions, called mineral oils) and less than 10% additives. Vegetable oils or synthetic liquids such as hydrogenated polyolefins, esters, silicones, fluorocarbons and many others are sometimes used as base oils. Solvent extraction is the method to eliminate the usage of high temperature or hydrogenation process in re-refining the base oil from spent lubricant oil. The main objective of this study is to recover the base oil from spent lubricants using solvent extraction method. Besides that, the effect of different solvent, the retention time and the characteristics of the extracted base oil are also determined. The raw materials that being used were spent lubricant oil and two types of solvents. These solvents are hexane mixed with potassium hydroxide in isopropyl alcohol and N-vinyl-2-pyrolidone (NNVP). During the experimental study, 200 ml of lubricant oil and 800 ml of solvents were mixed and leave to settle. After that, the mixture was filtered by vacuum pump to separate the sludge. Separation was continued using rotary evaporator to get the pure base oil. Then, the characteristics of the base oil for every mixture were analyzed. Results shows that the best solvent, is solvent 1 (Hexane + KOH + IPA) because it can recover more volume of base oil compare to solvent 2 (NNVP). Besides that, the best stirring time (retention time) for both solvent is 60 minutes. Solvent 1 is better than solvent 2 because it can recover higher volume of base oil compared to solvent 2 by 37%. As a recommendation for future work, in order to recover higher volume of base oil, the amount of potassium hydroxide (KOH) used must be increased.
Download or read book Design Aspects of Used Lubricating Oil Re Refining written by Firas Awaja and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-06-06 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design Aspects of Used Lubricating Oil Re-Refining presents a feasible and comprehensive technology for recycling of used lubricating oils. This book discusses efficient and effective ways of reusing lubricating oil which, if implemented, will result in a better quality of life, the stability of the environment, the health of national economies and better relationships between nations. It presents essential experimental results for process designers and engineers to establish a complete process design. The conditions and behaviour in each step in the re-refining process, (dehydration, solvent extraction, solvent stripping, and vacuum distillation) are examined in order to discover ways to recover and reuse wastes that are produced by lubricating oils. •Addresses and demonstrates the current knowledge of the process behaviour and re-refining technology of used lubricating oils•Introduces background information on the lubrication, oil recycling industry outlining the major manufacturers and detailing their processes•Contains 94 figures and 22 tables that on results regarding the re-refining process behaviour of used lubricating oil
Download or read book Used Lubricating Oils Re refining by Solvent Extraction written by Ahmed Samir Gabrah and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2015-10-19 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Used lubricating oil is a valuable resource, but it can be an environmental problem and a financial liability if improperly disposed of. Used oils pose hazards to human health and the environment, and therefore need to be managed safely. The mismanagement of used oil can contaminate air, water and soil. The objective of this work is to investigate the re-refining of used lubricating oils using solvent extraction process. The characteristics of used lubricating oils, utilization methods, elimination methods, environmental and human health effects were reviewed. Also, the various re-refining processes were described and a comparison between them was made to indicate the advantages and disadvantages of solvent extraction process. Experiments were carried out on used oils collected from several service stations. Used oils were subjected to preliminary treatment to remove water and dust followed by solvent extraction of base oil using different classes of solvents including alcohols, ketones and hydrocarbon solvents. Bench scale study was carried out to investigate the effect of different variables.
Download or read book Refining Used Lubricating Oils written by James Speight and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-04-07 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Used lubricating oil is a valuable resource. This book examines recycling processes for a range of products with different properties and different criteria. It also compares the various recycling methods and resulting products to conventional products obtained from original refining processes. The reviews, data, and comparisons provided by the authors allow readers to identify which processes are likely to produce a product with specific properties, and enable them to combine this with an analysis of the economic data to identify attractive oil recycling propositions.
Download or read book Oil Extraction and Analysis written by D. L. Luthria and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-06-07 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains papers from the symposium "Critical Issues, Current and Emerging Technologies for Determination of Crude Fat Content in Food, Feed and Seeds," held in 2003 at the AOCS Annual Meeting in Kansas City, Missouri. The topics covered give a broad perspective of the challenges and issues of the value-added enhanced products. This book w
Download or read book Determination of Main and Interaction Effects of Extraction Parameters in Used Lubrication Oil Recycling by Factorial Design Method written by Gary Yong Wei Chuah and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Factorial design method was employed to systematically quantify these effects. The studies concluded that interaction occurred between solvent composition and solvent/oil ratio and solvent composition stands out to be the main factor affectings both the performance criteria. Temperature was found to be of negligible effect on the solvent sludge removal capability. [Authors' abstract].
Download or read book Handbook of Petroleum Product Analysis written by James G. Speight and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-02 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces the reader to the production of the products in a refinery • Introduces the reader to the types of test methods applied to petroleum products, including the need for specifications • Provides detailed explanations for accurately analyzing and characterizing modern petroleum products • Rewritten to include new and evolving test methods • Updates on the evolving test methods and new test methods as well as the various environmental regulations are presented
Download or read book WASTES Solutions Treatments and Opportunities II written by Candida Vilarinho and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-09-01 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wastes: Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities II contains selected papers presented at the 4th edition of the International Conference Wastes: Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities, that took place 25-26 September 2017 at the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. The Wastes conference, which takes place biennially, is a prime forum for academics and industry representatives from the waste management and recycling sectors around the world to share their experience and knowledge with all in attendance. The published papers focus on a wide range of topics, including: Wastes as construction materials, Wastes as fuels, Waste treatment technologies,MSW management, Recycling of wastes and materials recovery, Wastes from new materials (nanomaterials, electronics, composites, etc.), Environmental, economic and social aspects in waste management and Circular economy.
Download or read book Lubricants written by Marika Torbacke and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Those working with tribology often have a background in mechanical engineering, while people working with lubricant development have a chemistry/chemical engineering background. This means they have a tradition of approaching problems in different ways. Today’s product development puts higher demands on timing and quality, requiring collaboration between people with different backgrounds. However, they can lack understanding of each other’s challenges as well as a common language, and so this book aims to bridge the gap between these two areas. Lubricants: Introduction to Properties and Performance provides an easy to understand overview of tribology and lubricant chemistry. The first part of the book is theoretical and provides an introduction to tribological contact, friction, wear and lubrication, as well as the basic concepts regarding properties and the most commonly made analyses on lubricants. Base fluids and their properties and common additives used in lubricants are also covered. The second part of the book is hands-on and introduces the reader to the actual formulations and the evaluation of their performance. Different applications and their corresponding lubricant formulations are considered and tribological test methods are discussed. Finally used oil characterisation and surface characterisation are covered which give the reader an introduction to different methods of characterising used oils and surfaces, respectively. Key features: Combines chemistry and tribology of lubricants into one unified approach Covers the fundamental theory, describing lubricant properties as well as base fluids and additives Contains practical information on the formulations of lubricants and evaluates their performance Considers applications of lubricants in hydraulics, gears and combustion engines Lubricants: Introduction to Properties and Performance is a comprehensive reference for industry practitioners (tribologists, lubricant technicians, and lubricant chemists, etc) and is also an excellent source of information for graduate and undergraduate students.
Download or read book Recovery of Base Oil from Lithium Based Waste Lubricating Grease by Solvent flocculation Extraction written by Motshumi Joseph Diphare and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Waste Engine Oils written by François Audibert and published by Elsevier Science Limited. This book was released on 2006 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Waste Engine Oils presents a complete description of the field of engine used oils, widely collected in the networks of services-stations and garages. It describes the manufacture of base oils in refineries, and mentions the main additives playing an essential role in the quality of the marketed finished oils. The organization of the different systems of collecting in order to obtain a waste oil regenerable or used as fuel are explained. This book presents the main operations of physical and chemical treatments required in waste oil regeneration by covering the fundamental principles techniques such as vacuum distillation, solvent deasphalting, and ultrafiltration.. A wide part is dedicated to applications with the description of about twenty processes. In addition, the book describes several types of energetic valorizations which concern a quite important fraction of the collected oil volume. •Comprehensive approach of the waste oil valorization •Overview of chemical engineering operations applied to waste oil •Objective view of the given information on a subject giving rise to competitiveness between the two routes of volorization
Download or read book Used Oil Re refining written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Advanced Energy Technologies and Energy Conservation Research, Development, and Demonstration and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Waste Automotive Lubricating Oil Reuse as a Fuel written by Steven Chansky and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Processing of Heavy Crude Oils written by Ramasamy Marappa Gounder and published by . This book was released on 2019-12-18 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Thermodynamics of Fluid Phase Equilibria written by John M. Prausnitz and published by Pearson Education. This book was released on 1998-10-22 with total page 1149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The classic guide to mixtures, completely updated with new models, theories, examples, and data. Efficient separation operations and many other chemical processes depend upon a thorough understanding of the properties of gaseous and liquid mixtures. Molecular Thermodynamics of Fluid-Phase Equilibria, Third Edition is a systematic, practical guide to interpreting, correlating, and predicting thermodynamic properties used in mixture-related phase-equilibrium calculations. Completely updated, this edition reflects the growing maturity of techniques grounded in applied statistical thermodynamics and molecular simulation, while relying on classical thermodynamics, molecular physics, and physical chemistry wherever these fields offer superior solutions. Detailed new coverage includes: Techniques for improving separation processes and making them more environmentally friendly. Theoretical concepts enabling the description and interpretation of solution properties. New models, notably the lattice-fluid and statistical associated-fluid theories. Polymer solutions, including gas-polymer equilibria, polymer blends, membranes, and gels. Electrolyte solutions, including semi-empirical models for solutions containing salts or volatile electrolytes. Coverage also includes: fundamentals of classical thermodynamics of phase equilibria; thermodynamic properties from volumetric data; intermolecular forces; fugacities in gas and liquid mixtures; solubilities of gases and solids in liquids; high-pressure phase equilibria; virial coefficients for quantum gases; and much more. Throughout, Molecular Thermodynamics of Fluid-Phase Equilibria strikes a perfect balance between empirical techniques and theory, and is replete with useful examples and experimental data. More than ever, it is the essential resource for engineers, chemists, and other professionals working with mixtures and related processes.
Download or read book Refining Used Lubricating Oils written by Preeti Dhama and published by Scitus Academics LLC. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Re-refining used oil restores the chemical composition of the base oil so that it can be used to produce new lubricant products over and over again. Re-refining is an energy efficient and environmentally beneficial method for managing used oil. Instead of burning the used oil, which releases harmful emission into the atmosphere, re-refining conserves the base oil.
Download or read book Developments in Lubricant Technology written by S. P. Srivastava and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-08-25 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DEVELOPMENTS IN LUBRICANT TECHNOLOGY Examines all stages of Lubricant formulations, production and applications Developments in Lubricant Technology describes the basics of Lubricant formulations and their application in variety of equipment and engines. Divided into twenty chapters, this book provides an introduction to lubricant technology for users, young scientists and engineers desirous of understanding this subject. The book covers all major classes of lubricants including base oils (mineral, chemically modified and synthetic), followed by the description of chemical- additives and their evaluation. A brief chapter on the friction-wear and lubrication has been provided to understand the behaviour of lubricants in equipment. Major industrial oils such as turbine, hydraulic, gear, compressor and metal working fluids have been described. Automotive engine, gear and transmission oils for passenger cars, commercial vehicles, rail-road, marine, natural gas engines and 2T, 4T small engines have been discussed at length with latest specifications and global trends. Various synthetic oils and environmentally friendly products have also been described in the relevant chapters to understand the critical applications of such products in modern equipment and engines. Finally lubricants blending technology, quality control, their storage, handling, re-refining and condition monitoring in equipment have been discussed along with the typical lubricant tests and their significance.
