Download or read book Effects of Pesticides on the Soil Microbial Biomass and Microbial Activity written by Murray Hart and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Herbicide Glyphosate written by E. Grossbard and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1985 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Literatuuronderzoek betreffende herbicide glyfosaat, met aandacht voor de chemie; werkingsmechanisme bij zowel onkruiden als gewassen; werkzaamheid in diverse gewassen; gevolgen voor het milieu (inclusief non-target organismen) en de toepassingsmethodiek
Download or read book Pesticide Effects on Soil Microflora written by Laurence Somerville and published by Taylor & Francis Group. This book was released on 1987 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Van de 15 hoofdstukken zijn 3 van Nederlandse instituten afkomstig, nl. over laboratoriummetingen aan bodemademhaling (TNO, Zeist); ammonificatie en nitrificatie: veldwaarnemingen tegenover laboratoriumproeven (IB, Haren); pesticide-bijwerkingen: regelgeving in Nederland (IOB, Wageningen)
Download or read book Effects of Widely used Agricultural Chemicals on Soil Microbial Activity and Community Structure written by Jennifer Lynn Macalady and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pesticides in Crop Production written by Prabhat Kumar Srivastava and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-04-27 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to the diversity of pesticides used in modern agricultural practices, and the relevant social and environmental issues Pesticides in Crop Production offers an important resource that explores pesticide action in plants; pesticide metabolism in soil microbes, plants and animals; bioaccumulation of pesticides and sensitiveness of microbiome towards pesticides. The authors explore pesticide risk assessment, the development of pesticide resistance in pests, microbial remediation of pesticide intoxicated legumes and pesticide toxicity amelioration in plants by plant hormones. The authors include information on eco-friendly pest management. They review the impact of pesticides on soil microorganism, crops and other plants along with the impact on other organisms like aquatic fauna and terrestrial animals including human beings. The book also contains an analysis of pesticide by GC-MS/MS (Gas Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry) a reliable method for the quantification and confirmation of multiclass pesticide residues. This important book: Offers a comprehensive guide to the use of the diversity of pesticides and the pertinent social and environmental issues Explores the impact of pesticides from morphological, anatomical, physiological and biochemical perspectives Shows how pesticides affects soil microorganisms, crops and other plants along with the impact on other organisms like aquatic fauna and animals Critically examines whether chemical pesticides are boon or bane and whether they can be replaced by environmental friendly pesticides Written for students, researchers and professionals in agriculture, botany, entomology and biotechnology, Pesticides in Crop Production examines the effects of chemical pesticides and the feasibility of using bio-pesticides.
Download or read book Soil Chemical Pollution Risk Assessment Remediation and Security written by Vardan Sargsyan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-24 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this hugely important text is to contribute to the existing knowledge on soil pollution and remediation. Stress is given to the critical assessment of the used analyses and methods for study effects in combined chemical pollution (organic pollutants and pesticides, metals) on soil biota and fertility. Also featured is, among other things, an evaluation of specific aspects of risk assessment, and an assessment of advanced technologies for soil remediation.
Download or read book Impact of Xenobiotic Chemicals on Microbial Ecosystems written by American Society for Microbiology. Applied and Environmental Microbiology Division. Meeting and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rhizosphere Engineering written by Ramesh Chandra Dubey and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-02-15 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rhizosphere Engineering is a guide to applying environmentally sound agronomic practices to improve crop yield while also protecting soil resources. Focusing on the potential and positive impacts of appropriate practices, the book includes the use of beneficial microbes, nanotechnology and metagenomics. Developing and applying techniques that not only enhance yield, but also restore the quality of soil and water using beneficial microbes such as Bacillus, Pseudomonas, vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) fungi and others are covered, along with new information on utilizing nanotechnology, quorum sensing and other technologies to further advance the science. Designed to fill the gap between research and application, this book is written for advanced students, researchers and those seeking real-world insights for improving agricultural production. Explores the potential benefits of optimized rhizosphere Includes metagenomics and their emerging importance Presents insights into the use of biosurfactants
Download or read book How Do Pesticides Impact Soil Microbial Structure and Functioning written by Christopher Carl Howell and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticides are used worldwide and exhibit a plethora of different modes of action against a wide spectrum of organisms. Therefore, before they can be marketed they have to be tested against certain standardised regulations. These include the Food and Environment Protection Act 1985 (FEPA), the Control of Pesticides Regulations 1986 (COPR), and more recently the European Council Directive 1991 91/414 and the Plant Protection Products Regulations 1991 (PPPR). However, the current tests used to determine pesticide impacts on microorganisms as detailed by the OECD focus on only broadscale analytical methods that may mask more subtle effects that may still be ecologically significant. Therefore, this project aimed to determine the effects of a widely-used model pesticide, azoxystrobin on both target and non-target microbial communities across different trophic levels. The techniques used to perform this included broad- (soil microbial biomass and soil dehydrogenase activity) and fine-scale (T-RFLP, cloning/sequencing, and qPCR) analytical methods. The results of these analyses showed that the application of azoxystrobin had a significant, concentration-dependent impact on soil dehydrogenase activity whilst biomass was unaffected. The molecular analyses showed that azoxystrobin significantly impacted fungal community structure, diversity and gene copy number. Additionally, pesticide application significantly altered nematode community structure and general eukaryotic diversity. Soil and liquid culture enrichments showed that azoxystrobin degradation can be enhanced following repeated applications and enabled the isolation of two degrader organisms with sequence homologies to a Cupriavidus sp. and a Rhodanobacter sp. Further work showed that sequential enrichments with azoxystrobin also conferred cross-enhanced degradative abilities for three other strobilurin fungicides: pyraclostrobin, kresoxim methyl and trifloxystrobin. The work performed in this thesis served to illustrate how the current OECD test procedures may benefit from the incorporation of finer-scale molecular methods into its tests, as well as how difficult the task can be to produce compounds that persist in the environment long enough to perform their required function, but do not have significant deleterious impacts on non-target organisms when present.
Download or read book Insecticide Microbiology written by R. Lal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-12-08 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of all the food produced in the world one third is lost to insect pests, weeds and diseases, and the total world population is estimated as growing from 4000 million in 1975 to about 6000 million by the year 2000. To satisfy these needs, the world's farmers must meet the extra requirement every year. The easiest way in which farmers can increase the amount of food they produce is to prevent the loss due to pests. The biological control measures which were once thought to be the safest methods of pest control have, as we now know, not proved successful on a commercial scale. In such a dismal situation the only solution is to use pesticides to save the losses from pests and to increase the crop yield. Apart from agriculture, pesticides have also contributed much to human com fort by controlling the vectors of typhoid, malaria, sleeping sickness, filariasis, dengue hemorrhage fever, plague etc. On the other hand, the indiscriminate use of insecticides and their harmful effects on nontarget organisms has attracted much attention from people in all walks of life, for example, scientists, administrators, the press and the public. The harmful effects of insecticides on higher organisms such as birds, fish and mammals are easy to observe and have received much attention. However, the interactions of insecticides with microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae and protozoa have gone unnoticed until recently.
Download or read book Insecticides Soil Microbiota Interactions written by Naga Raju Maddela and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-04 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides information about the nontarget nature of selected soil enzymes which are implicated in soil fertility and health and the methods for their assay. It also shows how these soil enzymes are affected by two different pesticides, buprofezin and acephate, used both extensively and intensively in modern agriculture.
Download or read book Soil Ecotoxicology written by Joseph Tarradellas and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-12-23 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soils are receptacles for a wide range of hazardous chemicals generated by human activities. Whether or not this contamination is deliberate, accurate toxicity assessments are important for health and economic reasons. Soil Ecotoxicology discusses the sources, fate, and transport of hazardous chemicals in soils. The fate (biodegradation and modeling) and the potential impacts of pesticides on soil ecosystems are emphasized, and methodologies for performing toxicity assessments are provided.
Download or read book Bioremediation of Agricultural Soils written by Juan C. Sanchez-Hernandez and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-03-14 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The quality of agricultural soils are always under threat from chemical contaminants, which ultimately affect the productivity and safety of crops. Besides agrochemicals, a new generation of substances invades the soil through irrigation with reclaimed wastewater and pollutants of organic origin such as sewage sludge or cattle manure. Emerging pollutants such as pharmaceuticals, nanomaterials and microplastics are now present in agricultural soils, but the understanding of their impact on soil quality is still limited. With focus on in situ bioremediation, this book provides an exhaustive analysis of the current biological methodologies for recovering polluted agricultural soils as well as monitoring the effectiveness of bioremediation.
Download or read book Effects of Some Pesticides on Microbial Activities of the Soil written by Lewis William Jones and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Methods in Soil Biology written by Franz Schinner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In terrestrial ecosystems, soil microorganisms and soil animals are essential for litter degradation, soil formation and the availability of nutrients and trace elements. The measurement of biological soil parameters allows a rapid evaluation of the effects of chemical and physical influences due to pollutants or soil management. This book introduces a number of well proved methods for the analysis of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur cycles. It focuses further on the determination of the number and biomass of microorganisms, algae and animals in the soil. Particular emphasis is placed on the comprehensible and complete description of the experimental procedures.
Download or read book Soil Biological Fertility written by Lynette K. Abbott and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-23 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is becoming more relevant to explore soil biological processes in terms of their contribution to soil fertility. This book presents a comprehensive scientific overview of the components and processes that underpin the biological characteristics of soil fertility. It highlights the enormous diversity of life in soil and the resulting effects that management of land can have on the contribution of this diverse community to soil fertility in an agricultural context.
Download or read book Handbook of Biomass Valorization for Industrial Applications written by Shahid ul-Islam and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-01-05 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HANDBOOK of BIOMASS VALORIZATION for INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS The handbook provides a comprehensive view of cutting-edge research on biomass valorization, from advanced fabrication methodologies through useful derived materials, to current and potential application sectors. Industrial sectors, such as food, textiles, petrochemicals and pharmaceuticals, generate massive amounts of waste each year, the disposal of which has become a major issue worldwide. As a result, implementing a circular economy that employs sustainable practices in waste management is critical for any industry. Moreover, fossil fuels, which are the primary sources of fuel in the transportation sector, are also being rapidly depleted at an alarming rate. Therefore, to combat these global issues without increasing our carbon footprint, we must look for renewable resources to produce chemicals and biomaterials. In that context, agricultural waste materials are gaining popularity as cost-effective and abundantly available alternatives to fossil resources for the production of a variety of value-added products, including renewable fuels, fuel components, and fuel additives. Handbook of Biomass Valorization for Industrial Applications investigates current and emerging feedstocks, as well as provides in-depth technical information on advanced catalytic processes and technologies that enable the development of all possible alternative energy sources. The 22 chapters of this book comprehensively cover the valorization of agricultural wastes and their various uses in value-added applications like energy, biofuels, fertilizers, and wastewater treatment. Audience The book is intended for a very broad audience working in the fields of materials sciences, chemical engineering, nanotechnology, energy, environment, chemistry, etc. This book will be an invaluable reference source for the libraries in universities and industrial institutions, government and independent institutes, individual research groups, and scientists working in the field of valorization of biomass.
