Download or read book Effects of Large droplet Ice Accretion on Airfoil and Wing Aerodynamics and Control written by Michael B. Bragg and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ice Accretions and Icing Effects for Modern Airfoils written by Harold E. Addy and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Icing tests were conducted to document ice shapes formed on three different two-dimensional airfoils and to study the effects of the accreted ice on aerodynamic performance. The models tested were representative of airfoil designs in current use for each of the commercial transport, business jet, and general aviation categories of aircraft. The models were subjected to a range of icing conditions in an icing wind tunnel. The conditions were selected primarily from the Federal Aviation Administration's Federal Aviation Regulations 25 Appendix C atmospheric icing conditions. A few large droplet icing conditions were included. To verify the aerodynamic performance measurements, molds were made of selected ice shapes formed in the icing tunnel. Castings of the ice were made from the molds and placed on a model in a dry, low-turbulence wind tunnel where precision aerodynamic performance measurements were made. Documentation of all the ice shapes and the aerodynamic performance measurements made during the icing tunnel tests is included in this report. Results from the dry, low-turbulence wind tunnel tests are also presented.

Download or read book Effects of Supercooled Large Droplet Icing on Airfoil Aerodynamics written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ice Accretion and Icing Technology written by Robert J Flemming and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2015-04-16 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of inflight atmospheric icing can be devastating to aircraft. Universities and industry have been hard at work to respond to the challenge of maintaining flight safety in all weather conditions. Proposed changes in the regulations for operation in icing conditions are sure to keep this type of research and development at its highest level. This is especially true for the effects of ice crystals in the atmosphere, and for the threat associated with supercooled large drop (SLD) icing. This collection of ten SAE International technical papers brings together vital contributions to the subject. Icing on aircraft surfaces would not be a problem if a material were discovered that prevented the freezing and accretion of supercooled drops. Many options that appeared to have promising icephobic properties have had serious shortfalls in durability. This title addresses, among other topics, the measurement techniques and the drop physics that apply to icing, certification for flight through ice crystal clouds and in supercooled large drops, improvements in predictive techniques, scaling methods, test facilities and techniques, and rotorcraft icing.

Download or read book A Study of Large Droplet Ice Accretion in the NASA Lewis IRT at Near Freezing Conditions written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of the Critical Ice Accretion on Airfoil and Wing Performance written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-13 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In support of the NASA Lewis Modern Airfoils Ice Accretion Test Program, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign provided expertise in airfoil design and aerodynamic analysis to determine the aerodynamic effect of ice accretion on modern airfoil sections. The effort has concentrated on establishing a design/testing methodology for "hybrid airfoils" or "sub-scale airfoils," that is, airfoils having a full-scale leading edge together with a specially designed and foreshortened aft section. The basic approach of using a full-scale leading edge with a foreshortened aft section was considered to a limited extent over 40 years ago. However, it was believed that the range of application of the method had not been fully exploited. Thus a systematic study was being undertaken to investigate and explore the range of application of the method so as to determine its overall potential. Selig, Michael S. and Bragg, Michael B. and Saeed, Farooq Glenn Research Center NCC3-408; NCC3-509...

Download or read book Effect of Ice Accretion on Full scale Swept Wing Aerodynamic Performance and Control Effects written by Jeff M. Diebold and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ice Accretions and Icing Effects for Modern Airfoils written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Icing tests were conducted to document ice shapes formed on three different two-dimensional airfoils and to study the effects of the accreted ice on aerodynamic performance. The models tested were representative of airfoil designs in current use for each of the commercial transport, business jet, and general aviation categories of aircraft. The models were subjected to a range of icing conditions in an icing wind tunnel. The conditions were selected primarily from the Federal Aviation Administration's Federal Aviation Regulations 25 Appendix C atmospheric icing conditions. A few large droplet icing conditions were included. To verify the aerodynamic performance measurements, molds were made of selected ice shapes formed in the icing tunnel. Castings of the ice were made from the molds and placed on a model in a dry, low-turbulence wind tunnel where precision aerodynamic performance measurements were made. Documentation of all the ice shapes and the aerodynamic performance measurements made during the icing tunnel tests is included in this report. Results from the dry, low-turbulence wind tunnel tests are also presented. Addy, Harold E., Jr. Glenn Research Center RTOP 548-21-23

Download or read book Modern Airfoil Ice Accretions written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aircraft Aerodynamic Effects Due to Large Droplet Ice Accretions written by M. B. Bragg and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Study on the Deformation and Breakup of Supercooled Large Droplets at the Leading Edge of an Airfoil written by Belen Veras-Alba and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ice accretion is an issue that has affected aircraft since the early years of powered ight. Although it was a known problem, the full extent was not known. Both small and large droplets were of concern. The effects of both were countered with ice protection systems based initially on computer codes that predict the size, shape, and location of ice on aerodynamic surfaces for small droplets. The codes have been tested and validated for the conditions described in Federal Aviation Regulation Part 25 Appendix C (small droplets, up to 50 m) and aircraft only had to be certied for those conditions. Supercooled large droplets (SLD) reach locations further aft on the surfaces than small droplets making the ice protection systems insufficient in SLD icing conditions. The protection systems remove ice but do not reach the limits of the SLD ice and ridges remain on the wing surfaces which continue to negatively impact the performance of the aircraft. Certication regulations regarding SLD have been implemented but the codes do not yet accurately predict ice accretion due to SLD. To validate the codes, experimental data on the behavior of larger droplets when impacting a lifting surface are necessary. The results of an experimental study on the deformation and breakup of supercooled droplets near the leading edge of an airfoil are presented. The experiment was conducted in the Adverse Environment Rotor Test Stand (AERTS) facility at The Pennsylvania State University with the intention of comparing the results to prior room temperature droplet deformation results. To collect the data, an airfoil model was placed on the tip of a rotor blade mounted onto the hub in the AERTS chamber. The model was moved at speeds between 50 and 80 m/s while a monosize droplet generator produced droplets of various sizes which fell from above, perpendicular to the path of the model. The temperature in the chamber was set to -20C. The supercooled droplets were produced by maintaining the temperature of the water at the droplet generator under 5C.The supercooled state of the droplets was determined by measurement of the temperature of the droplets at various distances below the tip of the droplet generator. A prediction code was also used to estimate the temperature of the droplets based on the size, vertical velocity, initial temperature, and distance traveled by the droplets. The droplets reached temperatures between -5 and 0C. The deformation and breakup events were observed using a high-speed imaging system. A tracking software program processed the images captured and provided droplet deformation information along the path of the droplet as it approached the airfoil stagnation line. It was demonstrated that to compare the effects of water supercooling on droplet deformation, the slip velocity and the initial droplet velocity must be the same in the cases being compared. A case with a slip velocity of 40 m/s and an initial droplet velocity of 60 m/s was selected from both room temperature and supercooled droplet tests. In these cases, the deformation of the weakly supercooled and warm droplets did not present different trends when tested in room temperature and mild supercooling environments. The similar behavior for both environmental conditions indicates that water supercooling has no effect on particle deformation for the limited range of the weak supercooling of the droplets tested and the selected impact velocity.

Download or read book Effect of Ice Accretion Simulation Fidelity on Low reynolds Number Swept wing Aerodynamic Performance written by Stephanie Chen Camello and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding how ice accretion affects the aerodynamics of swept-wing aircraft is a vital part of aircraft design, fabrication, and testing. Previous work focused on iced airfoil aerodynamics which did not take into account the geometric complexities of a swept wing. A method to create a series of full-span artificial ice shapes for a swept wing was developed so aerodynamic testing could be performed for a variety of ice shapes. Due to icing scaling limitations and icing wind tunnel size restrictions, ice accretions could not be produced for the full span of a swept wing. Instead, ice was accreted for small sections of the leading edge, laser scanned, and digitally manipulated to manufacture a full-span artificial ice shape. These full-span artificial ice shapes were used in low Reynolds number experimental testing. Wind tunnel testing was performed at Reynolds numbers of 1.8 x 106, 1.6 x 106, and 2.4 x 106 and Mach numbers of 0.09, 0.18, and 0.27, respectively, for model angles of attack ranging from -6 to 16. The swept-wing model used was a scaled version of the NASA Common Research Model wing, which is representative of modern commercial airliner. Force balance, oil-flow visualization, fluorescent mini-tuft visualization, and surface pressure data were collected for 18 leading-edge configurations including 7 high-fidelity ice shapes, 10 low-fidelity versions of these ice shapes, and the clean leading edge without artificial ice shapes present. The goal of this study is to determine how each artificial ice shape configuration affects the aerodynamic performance of the swept-wing model and the role ice shape simulation fidelity plays.

Download or read book Effects of Supercolled Large droplet Icing on Airfoil Aerodynamics written by Sam Lee and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aircraft Accident Report written by and published by . This book was released on 197? with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Ice Accretion Effects on a Swept Wing written by Michael Papadakis and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experimental investigation was conducted to study the effects of 2-, 5-, 10-, and 22.5-min ice accretions on the aerodynamic performance of a swept finite wing. The ice shapes tested included castings of ice accretions obtained from icing tests at the NASA Glenn Icing Research Tunnel (IRT) and simulated ice shapes obtained with the LEWICE 2.0 ice accretion code. The conditions used for the icing tests were selected to provide five glaze ice shapes with complete and incomplete scallop features and a small rime ice shape.

Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Ice Accretion Effects on a Swept Wing written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experimental investigation was conducted to study the effects of 2-, 5-, 10-, and 22.5-min ice accretions on the aerodynamic performance of a swept finite wing. The ice shapes tested included castings of ice accretions obtained from icing tests at the NASA Glenn Icing Research Tunnel (IRT) and simulated ice shapes obtained with the LEWICE 2.0 ice accretion code. The conditions used for the icing tests were selected to provide five glaze ice shapes with complete and incomplete scallop features and a small rime ice shape.

Download or read book The Influence of Viscous Effects on Ice Accretion Prediction and Airfoil Performance Predictions written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-24 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A computational study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of using a viscous flow solution in an ice accretion code and the resulting accuracy of aerodynamic performance prediction. Ice shapes were obtained for one single-element and one multi-element airfoil using both potential flow and Navier-Stokes flowfields in the LEWICE ice accretion code. Aerodynamics were then calculated using a Navier-Stokes flow solver. Kreeger, Richard E. and Wright, William B. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2005-213593, AIAA Paper 2005-1373, E-15061