Download or read book Effects of Induced Mood on Task Performance written by Robert Jeffrey Melton and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent research has indicated that people in a good mood tend to perform better on creativity or divergent thinking tasks and worse on tasks requiring systematic, analytic thinking than do people in other moods. Hypotheses regarding the processes underlying these effects can be grouped into those that propose that mood influences performance by affecting what is retrieved from memory and those that propose that mood influences performance because it affects the performer's motivation. The primary goal of the present project was to ascertain whether the effects were better accounted for by retrieval or motivational explanations. The tasks used in the experiments were the Remote Associates Test, on which performance was enhanced by a positive mood induction in previous research, and syllogisms, which are similar to tasks on which people in a positive mood have done relatively poorly in previous research. No significant relationship was obtained between mood condition (positive or neutral) and performance on Remote Associates Test items. Thus, explanations for previous findings that positive mood enhances performance on that and similar tasks could not be tested. Positive mood subjects performed significantly worse on the syllogisms than control subjects. Positive mood subjects were significantly more likely than control subjects to choose universal ("All A are C" or "No A are C") rather than particular ("Some A are C" or "Some A are not C") conclusions as their answers, were somewhat less likely to diagram the relationships among the premises, and were somewhat more likely to select an answer consistent with the atmosphere heuristic. Moreover, subjects spent considerably less time, on average, than was allotted for the syllogisms, with positive mood subjects spending somewhat less time than controls. Thus, in general, these results were more consistent with motivational accounts of the observed performance decrement than with retrieval accounts.
Download or read book The Effect of Induced Mood on Causal Attributions for Task Performance written by Geoffrey Tremont and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Variation in Working Memory written by Andrew Conway and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-02-13 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Working memory--the ability to keep important information in mind while comprehending, thinking, and acting--varies considerably from person to person and changes dramatically during each person's life. Understanding such individual and developmental differences is crucial because working memory is a major contributor to general intellectual functioning. This volume offers a state-of-the-art, integrative, and comprehensive approach to understanding variation in working memory by presenting explicit, detailed comparisons of the leading theories. It incorporates views from the different research groups that operate on each side of the Atlantic, and covers working-memory research on a wide variety of populations, including healthy adults, children with and without learning difficulties, older adults, and adults and children with neurological disorders. A particular strength of this volume is that each research group explicitly addresses the same set of theoretical questions, from the perspective of both their own theoretical and experimental work and from the perspective of relevant alternative approaches. Through these questions, each research group considers their overarching theory of working memory, specifies the critical sources of working memory variation according to their theory, reflects on the compatibility of their approach with other approaches, and assesses their contribution to general working memory theory. This shared focus across chapters unifies the volume and highlights the similarities and differences among the various theories. Each chapter includes both a summary of research positions and a detailed discussion of each position. Variation in Working Memory achieves coherence across its chapters, while presenting the entire range of current theoretical and experimental approaches to variation in working memory.
Download or read book Effects of Positive Mood Induction on Operator Performance and Subjective Workload Levels for Compatible and Incompatible Display control Mappings written by Lisa Kenyon and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Research has shown that positively induced mood states affect learning in individuals by providing an increase in memory span, cognitive abilities, creative problem-solving skills, and overall task performance. The impact of positive mood, though, has not been heavily incorporated into human factors research despite the fact that it has been shown to influence human performance. The goal of the present thesis was to examine the effects of positive mood induction on operator performance and subjective workload levels for different display-control mappings. Sixty four participants were assigned to one of two mood groups: positive or neutral. Humor, through watching a comedy video clip, was used to induce positive mood. Participants then performed a 4-choice stimulus-response (S-R) compatibility task with 1 of 2 mappings (compatible and mixed) under a block of trials with a time constraint or without one. Performance on the compatibility task and reports of subjective workload were examined using a 2 (Mapping condition: compatible vs. mixed) x 2 (Mood condition: positive mood vs. neutral mood) x 2 (Phase: no time constraint vs. time constraint) mixed design. Results showed none of the hypothesized effects of positive mood induction on performance and subjective workload. However, standard effects of S-R mapping and time stress on performance and reported levels of subjective workload were obtained. Implications of these findings for interface design are discussed.
Download or read book Effects of Mood Induction on Reasoning written by Florenca Chong and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous research has found contradictory results related to the effects of mood on cognitive functioning. Mood states have been found to be associated with increased creativity, coping skills, adaptive reasoning, and cognitive processing strategies that benefit task performance. However, mood states have also been found to impair cognitive performance by reducing working memory resources and causing more task-irrelevant thoughts resulting in diminished working memory, attention, decision making, and reasoning abilities required by certain executive tasks. The aim of this study was to examine how different mood states following mood induction procedures affect complex reasoning. Ninety-five participants were included in the analyses of the current study. They were randomly assigned to one of the three mood states that were induced by using positive, negative, or neutral video clips obtained from the internet. Reasoning performance was measured by counting errors and completion times of Booklet Category Test performance after the mood induction procedure. Results revealed that only small changes in mood states were induced through the videos.
Download or read book The Effects of Criticism on Negative Mood and Task Performance written by Joanna E. Strong and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Influence of Induced Positive and Negative Mood in Left and Right hemispheric Task Performance written by Deleri Springer and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Impact of Negative Mood on Cognitive Control written by Joshua Rooks and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current study aimed to determine the effect of both negative and positive mood on working memory (WM). Using a sample of undergraduates (N = 104), we investigated three specific topics: 1) if differences in trait affect and induced mood revealed specific impairments in WM; 2) the interplay between trait affect, induced mood, and dynamic adjustments in cognitive control; 3) the impact of baseline WM capacity on emotion manipulation and subsequent task performance. Participants completed one of three (Positive, Neutral, or Negative) 10-minute mood induction phases prior to a WM delayed-recognition task. Demand levels (high vs. low) of WM maintenance (memory load of 2 items vs. 1 item) and delay-spanning distractor interference (confusable vs. not confusable with memoranda) were manipulated using a factorial design during the task. The effect of positive mood on overall performance demonstrated an interaction between trait positive affect (PA) and induced mood. The interaction indicated that individuals with high (vs. low) trait PA performed worse when induced into a Happy mood and performed better than individuals with low PA when induced into a Sad mood. Also, trait PA was associated with decreased interference effects across all mood conditions. The effect of negative affect on WM performance was specific to the Neutral mood condition, and was associated with increased interference demand effects. Previous trial-based analyses indicated that both positive and negative affect do not significantly moderate WM demand-triggered dynamic adjustments in cognitive control. Finally, WMC did not significantly predict either change in emotion during the mood induction procedure, or level of performance on the delayed-recognition task.
Download or read book The Effects of Induced Mood on Self efficacy Behavioral Performance and Fear written by Michael L. Buol and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Mood on Attributions for Task Performance written by Robert Jeffrey Melton and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Cognitive Effects of Induced Mood on Rating and Recall in Performance Appraisal written by Charles W. Keating (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prospective Memory written by Maria A. Brandimonte and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-25 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Devoted exclusively to prospective memory, this volume organizes the research and thoughts of the important contributors to the field in one comprehensive resource. The chapter authors not only focus on their own work, but also review other research areas and address those where the methods and theories from the retrospective memory literature are useful and where they fall short. Each section is followed by at least one commentary written by a prominent scholar in the field of memory. The commentators present critical analyses of the chapters, note ideas that they found particularly exciting, and use these ideas as a foundation on which to elaborate their own views of prospective memory. This volume will stimulate the thinking of active prospective memory researchers, provide a coherent organization of the area for the increasing number of people who are interested in prospective memory but who are not yet actively conducting research in the area, and serve as a book of readings for upper division seminars.
Download or read book The Effect of Personality and Mood on Task Performance written by Vincenzo Libri and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Caffeine for the Sustainment of Mental Task Performance written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-01-07 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report from the Committee on Military Nutrition Research reviews the history of caffeine usage, the metabolism of caffeine, and its physiological effects. The effects of caffeine on physical performance, cognitive function and alertness, and alleviation of sleep deprivation impairments are discussed in light of recent scientific literature. The impact of caffeine consumption on various aspects of health, including cardiovascular disease, reproduction, bone mineral density, and fluid homeostasis are reviewed. The behavioral effects of caffeine are also discussed, including the effect of caffeine on reaction to stress, withdrawal effects, and detrimental effects of high intakes. The amounts of caffeine found to enhance vigilance and reaction time consistently are reviewed and recommendations are made with respect to amounts of caffeine appropriate for maintaining alertness of military personnel during field operations. Recommendations are also provided on the need for appropriate labeling of caffeine-containing supplements, and education of military personnel on the use of these supplements. A brief review of some alternatives to caffeine is also provided.
Download or read book Effects of task induced Stress on Man machine Performance written by W D. Garvey and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Food Components to Enhance Performance written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The physiological or psychological stresses that employees bring to their workplace affect not only their own performance but that of their co-workers and others. These stresses are often compounded by those of the job itself. Medical personnel, firefighters, police, and military personnel in combat settingsâ€"among othersâ€"experience highly unpredictable timing and types of stressors. This book reviews and comments on the performance-enhancing potential of specific food components. It reflects the views of military and non-military scientists from such fields as neuroscience, nutrition, physiology, various medical specialties, and performance psychology on the most up-to-date research available on physical and mental performance enhancement in stressful conditions. Although placed within the context of military tasks, the volume will have wide-reaching implications for individuals in any job setting.
Download or read book The Reciprocal Effects of Induced Mood and Interpretation Biases in High and Low TraitAnxious Participants Performing a Cognitive Task written by Lorna Shelfer and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
