Download or read book Effects of High Intensity Management of Winter Wheat on Grain Yield Straw Yield Grain Quality and Economic Returns written by Todd Peterson and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many farmers typically regard wheat as a “low input” crop and expect low yields and low returns. Conversely, some farmers intensively manage wheat with many inputs and expect high yields and returns. The objective of this research was to identify inputs that improve wheat grain yield, straw yield, and economic return and reduce deoxynivalenol (DON) concentration in the grain. An incomplete factorial, omission trial was established at two locations in Ohio (South Charleston and Custar) during the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 growing seasons. Treatments consisted of intensive management (IM) which received all inputs, a traditional management (TM), and the individual addition or removal each input from the TM or IM, respectively. The inputs were a high seeding rate, a high N rate, a split application of N, a spring sulfur application, a fungicide application at Feekes 9, and a fungicide application at Feekes 10.5.1. Intensive management increased grain yield at three of the site-years during this study by an average of 0.83 Mg ha-1. At the South Charleston location, in general, the use of a fungicide at either timing proved to be important for protecting yield. The addition of a fungicide at Feekes 10.5.1 to the TM significantly protected yield both years by an average of 0.66 Mg ha-1 and the removal of this fungicide from the IM significantly decreased yield by 0.63 Mg ha-1 in 2021. Additionally, at the same location the addition of a fungicide at Feekes 9 to the TM and the removal of a fungicide from the IM significantly changed yield in 2020 by 0.81 and -0.71 Mg ha-1. At Custar, only one treatment significantly changed yield in either year. In 2021, the removal of split N from the IM significantly reduced grain yield by 0.44 Mg ha-1. Straw yield was not consistently affected by any treatment in this study. DON concentration was significantly reduced by the IM at South Charleston both years due to the addition of a fungicide at Feekes 10.5.1. Intensive management did not increase partial economic returns at any site-year during this study and individual treatment affects were inconsistent. These results suggest that although IM has can improve grain yield and quality it fails to do so economically at the prices used in this study.
Download or read book Managing Risks of Soft Red Winter Wheat Production written by Douglas S. Alt and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Commonly ground into flour, wheat is a staple crop in many civilizations around the world. In Ohio, soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production supports a multi-million dollar wheat industry; however, low wheat prices and high production risks are reducing the number of harvested acres in the state. Identifying tools and information to better manage the risks could improve production and increase profit. Three separate experiments in 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 were conducted in Ohio to evaluate the effects of spring freeze events, Fusarium head blight (FHB), and harvest timing on soft red winter wheat production. In the first study, field-acclimated wheat plants were collected at Feekes 6, 8, and 10.5.1 growth stages from Pickaway County and Wood County field locations, and then subjected to freeze treatments ranging from 4°C to -16°C, specific to each growth stage. Treatments were applied using a freeze chamber that decreased temperature by 2°C h-1 with a 15 min treatment duration. Plant survivability, grain yield, and straw yield were reduced by 50% at -12.4, -12.1, and -12.9°C, respectively, at Feekes 6 and -6.7, -7.2, and -7.4°C, respectively, at Feekes 8. At Feekes 10.5.1, grain yield was reduced by 50% at -4.9°C. Chlorophyll fluorescence, visual ratings, and fractional green canopy cover were used to measure freeze damage. Both chlorophyll fluorescence and fractional green canopy cover accurately estimated relative seed weight, but chlorophyll fluorescence can be measured 6 days earlier than fractional green canopy cover. Visual ratings over-estimated effects of freeze damage on relative seed weight. A second study was conducted in Clark County where three wheat cultivars ranging in FHB resistance were harvested early at a high grain moisture (>19%) then 5 to 7 d later at a regular harvest moisture (near 13%) to evaluate the effect on grain test weight, yield, Fusarium damaged kernels, and deoxynivalenol (DON). In 2016/2017, test weight and yield increased by harvesting early, while in 2017/2018, DON was higher at the early harvest date. A third study was conducted in Clark County and Wood County (only in 2017/2018) where four wheat cultivars ranging in maturity were harvested early, at a high grain moisture (>19%) and 5 to 7 d later at a regular harvest moisture (near 13%) to evaluate harvest effects on grain quality, yield, and profit. Harvesting early at a high moisture increased yield in 2016/2017, but test weight was higher at the regular harvest date at all site-years. All site-years received precipitation between harvest dates, but grain moistures were still high during the precipitation, so no significant rewetting occurred. High drying costs and low-test weight discounts at the early harvest date significantly reduced gross profit. In conclusion, the updated low-temperature guidelines and the use of chlorophyll fluorescence to estimate freeze damage can more accurately predict crop value following a freeze event, leaving producers more informed to manage the crop. However, harvesting early improved grain yield and quality in some years while early harvest treatments reduced gross profit at all site-years.
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 1732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optimizing Nitrogen Management for Soft Red Winter Wheat Yield Grain Protein and Grain Quality Using Precision Agriculture and Remote Sensing Techniques written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this research was to improve nitrogen (N) management for soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in North Carolina with three areas of focus: delayed harvest effects on grain quality, explaining grain protein variability caused by management practices, and developing N recommendations at growth stage (GS) 30 using aerial color infrared (CIR) photography. Delayed harvest significantly reduced grain yield and test weight in the majority of trials. Yield reductions were attributed to dry, warm environments, possibly due to shattering. Test weight reductions were attributed to the negative effects of wetting and drying cycles. Of the 20 quality parameters investigated, flour falling number, clear flour, and farinograph breakdown times were significantly reduced due to delayed harvest, while grain deoxynivalenol (DON) levels increased with a delayed harvest. Environment contributed to grain protein variability (23%), though the majority of that variability was attributed to N management (52%). It was found that as grain protein levels increased at higher N rates and with the majority of N applied at GS 30, the overall grain protein variability increased. The recommendations to reduce grain protein variability are; to reduce the range in N fertilizer rates used, to avoid over application of N beyond what is required to optimize yields, and to apply spring N at GS 25. Relationships between derived agronomic optimum N rates and three spectral bands and 39 indexes were weak, but after separating the data into two biomass classes (low 1000 kg ha-1 and high 1000 kg ha-1), the relationships of optimum N rates with a relative Red and Green bands (relative to a high N-status reference plot) had the best (quadratic) relationships (R2 = 0.80 and 0.81, respectively) for the high biomass class. These results indicate that agronomic optimum N rates at GS 30 can be estimated using aerial CIR photographs if areas of low and high biomass can be determined.
Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences written by Wade Shafer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS) * at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all con cerned if the printing and distribution of the volume were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Cor poration of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 26 (thesis year 1981) a total of 11 ,048 theses titles from 24 Canadian and 21 8 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this important annual reference work. While Volume 26 reports theses submitted in 1981, on occasion, certain univer sities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
Download or read book Breeding for Intercropping written by Martin Weih and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-12-02 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crop Response to Density Optimization of Resource Use to Promote Sustainability written by Yared Assefa and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-09-14 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture with Subject Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1987-10 with total page 1238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1088 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agronomic and Economic Response of Hard Red Winter Wheat to Multiple Liming and Fertilization Strategies written by Romulo Pisa Lollato and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Application of agricultural lime is the most frequently recommended method for managing low soil pH; however, in-furrow phosphorus (P) fertilizer or pelletized lime are also commonly used to ameliorate soil acidity. The objectives of this study were to evaluate three soil acidity amendment strategies for winter wheat production. The effects of broadcast agricultural lime (2.25 or 4.50 Mg ECCE ha-1), banded pelletized lime (225 or 450 kg ha-1 yr-1), and banded P fertilizer (28 or 56 kg ha-1 yr-1) on bulk soil pH, aluminum saturation (Alsat), pH change in the soil profile, wheat vegetative development, plant population uniformity, and grain yield, were investigated during three growing seasons in a Grandfield Fine Sandy Loam and a Grant Silt Loam with initial soil pH of 4.8 and 4.9 at Altus and Waukomis, OK. Broadcast agricultural lime at 4.50 Mg ha-1 increased soil pH by one unit and decreased Alsat by 98% at Waukomis. Neither banded pelletized lime nor P fertilizer affected these parameters in either location. Changes in soil pH caused by banded pelletized lime were restricted to the region surrounding the pellet, while broadcast agricultural lime increased soil pH throughout the profile. In-furrow P fertilizer increased vegetative growth and plant population homogeneity in all years of the study at Waukomis; broadcast lime provided similar results in 2010-11 when low soil pH effects on crop growth were more apparent due to severe drought. Wheat grain yield was not affected by treatment, probably due to low soil Alsat. When broadcast lime costs were amortized over five years, 2.25 Mg ECCE ha-1 and the control resulted in the highest net returns among treatments. Results indicate that banded P fertilizer or broadcast agricultural lime can increase early-season wheat growth and population uniformity in a low-pH soil, but this increase in vegetative growth might not result grain yields significantly higher than the control when Alsat is lower than 10%.
Download or read book Effects of Management Practices on Grain Yield and Protein Content of S erra and olo Wheat in the Sacramento Valley written by James R. Webster and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Land degradation pattern and ecosystem services written by Donatella Valente and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-03-24 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Sustainable Nitrogen Management in Crop Plants written by Nandula Raghuram and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-04-26 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Agronomy written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-04-23 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Agronomy, Volume 186, the latest release in this leading reference on agronomy, contains a variety of updates and highlights new advances in the field, each written by an international board of authors. - Includes numerous, timely, state-of-the-art reviews on the latest advancements in agronomy - Features distinguished, well recognized authors from around the world - Builds upon this venerable and iconic review series - Covers the extensive variety and breadth of subject matter in the crop and soil sciences
Download or read book Sustaining wheat yields with crop management in heat stressed environments Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers mulching and irrigation frequency written by and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
