Download or read book Effects of Feeding Direct fed Microbials and Prebiotics on Receiving Calf Performance Health and Fecal Shedding of Pathogens written by Michael D. Abney and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Direct Fed Microbials and Prebiotics for Animals written by Todd R. Callaway and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-11-15 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this exciting update, readers will learn how feeding direct-fed microbials (including eubiotics, postbiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics) is becoming increasingly widespread during food animal production. Animal production must improve efficiency of growth, and the use of direct-fed microbial and prebiotic additives to domestic animals has become widely accepted and utilized. The benefits of probiotic-type approaches in cattle, pigs, fish, and poultry, include improved general animal health, reduced foodborne pathogen populations, increased growth rate and feed efficiency, improved milk and egg production, and have been reported world-wide. Successes from probiotic approaches in multiple species have ensured their adoption; however, several fundamental questions remain. Early establishment and retention of an ecological balance in the gastrointestinal tract is an important first step for an external biological additive to be effective in young animals, suggesting that some of the benefits of direct-fed microbials may be due to an early establishment of a “normal” native gut microbial population. Research has indicated that the establishment of a normal population can enhance gut epithelial integrity, preventing inflammation and improving animal health. Thus, it is important that we understand the key processes that occur during the establishment of the gut microbial population that can impact gastrointestinal fermentation and provide protection against pathogens of the animals and of human consumers. Knowing how these processes work and how they impact animal energy and protein expenditures can guide further improvements of available and future commercial products. Exciting research opportunities are discussed in this book, examining different characteristics of DFMs that are fed to animals to meet different production demands in different production scenarios (e.g., beef versus dairy versus swine versus fin fish). The advent of molecular and next-generation sequencing offers methods of developing tailored DFMs, and of early detection of successful DFM establishment in the gut. These techniques will further deepen our insight into understanding the microbial population of the gut and how these populations impact animal health, food safety, and sustainability of animal-derived protein production.
Download or read book Direct Fed Microbials and Prebiotics for Animals written by Todd R. Callaway and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-23 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The practice of supplementing direct fed microbial and prebiotic additives to domestic animals during growth is becoming more widespread in food animal production. Beneficial effects particularly in cattle, pigs and poultry, including improved general health, foodborne pathogen reduction, more efficient food utilization, faster growth rate and increased milk and egg production are common results. The success associated with direct fed microbial and prebiotic applications in multiple species ensures their continued commercialization and the widespread use of such additives. However, several fundamental questions remain about how and why probiotic products work, and which kind of probiotic products are best for specific production scenarios. It appears that early establishment and retention of an ecological balance in the gastrointestinal tract is an important first step for an external biological additive to be effective in young animals. Therefore, it is possible that the effectiveness of direct fed microbials and prebiotics in some animal species may only be an indirect consequence of speeding up the establishment and succession of the dominant microflora characteristic of the adult gastrointestinal tract. Consequently, an understanding of the key processes during establishment of microflora in the gastrointestinal system that lead to the subsequent fermentation characteristics and ecological balance exhibited by the highly protective microflora is needed. Several additional areas of future research directions are also suggested for further development and implementation of these biological approaches as new molecular and drug delivery technologies become available. Continued research on direct fed microbials and prebiotics in general should markedly expand their commercial applications.
Download or read book Direct Fed Microbials written by Ebot Tabe and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-12 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial foodborne illnesses are important health burdens to the public health system. Until the implementation of thorough intervention strategy (ies), the beef industry today will continue to experience challenges of microbial contamination from cattle hides and feces. According to Blezinger of 'Cattle Today' online magazine, the meat packing industries are looking to the feed yards and the cattle producers to implement strategies to help achieve this goal. Feeding direct-fed microbials (DFM) and or probiotics among other supplements have recently been implemented as a proactive intervention strategy in reducing the fecal shedding of these pathogens by cattle. Documented in this book is a clinical trial study using DFM as a preharvest intervention strategy to reduce the load of enteric pathogens such as E.coli O157: H7 and Salmonella in the beef production chain. The DFM used in this study is Lactobacillus acidophilus (BT-1386).This report and many other DFM documented studies proves the future potential of DFM as a natural weapon to combat and significantly curb the spread of medically and economic important bacteria in our food supply chain
Download or read book Effects of Probiotics and Tannins on Growth Performance Gastrointestinal Tract Fermentation and Measures of Eimeria Species in Cattle written by Laurel B. Rigby and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing human population is associated with an increased demand for food of plant and animal origin, as is the demand for more naturally produced meat worldwide. The ability of ruminants to convert resources otherwise inedible to humans into consumable end-products, demonstrates the indispensable role ruminants play in sustainable agriculture. The production of these end-products can only be achieved through ruminal microbial fermentation. Therefore, rumen microbes play a key role in the production efficiency of ruminants due to their role in supplying end products that are either directly used by the host or by other microorganisms as energy. Hence, ruminal microbes are a primary target for intensification of livestock, development of new management techniques and products to improve performance and health of livestock. Our objective was to determine the effects of non-ionophore feed additives on feed efficiency, prevalence of Eimeria spp. load, volatile fatty acid concentrations, and gastrointestinal tract microbiomes (rumen and fecal) in post-weaned calves. We hypothesized that the use of a direct fed microbial (DFM) and DFM with tannin would improve performance and decrease coccidial infection similar to the use of Rumensin. Weaned calves (n = 117; 272.77 ± 33.14 kg of BW) were stratified by weight and sex to 1 of 4 treatments that consisted of a total mixed ration with: 1) no additive (CON), 2) RumaCell probiotic (RCELL; 5 g Lactobacillus acidophilus/hd/d), 3) RumaCell + tannin (RTAN; 5 g RCELL + 2.5 g Tannin/hd/d), or 4) Rumensin (RUM; 200 mg/hd/d). Fecal samples were collected multiple times a week for the first 46 d from a subset of 15 calves, randomly selected from each treatment group, to most accurately capture previous and concurrent Eimeria spp. infections. The same subset of calves was also utilized for rumen fluid and fecal samples on d 0 (Oct), 35 (Dec) and 70 (Jan). Intake and BW data from a 70 d feed test were used to calculate dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), residual feed intake (RFI), and gain to feed (GF)...Our data shows that RUM was the most effective at treating coccidial infections. In terms of performance, RTAN seems to be more competitive with RUM in improving ADG and G:F. The rumen microbial communities of CON and RCELL were more rich and diverse, whereas RTAN microbiome was more similar to RUM with less diversity and greater evenness which is associated with the a microbiome of higher efficieincy animals. These results suggest that DFM with tannins may provide an alternative to ionophores by improving feed efficiency and performance metrics in weaned calves.
Download or read book The Role of Prebiotics in Dairy Calf Performance Health and Immune Function written by Caleigh Payne and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid responses in milk production to changes in dairy cow management, nutrition, and health give producers feedback to help optimize the production and health of dairy cattle. On the contrary, a producer waits up to two years before the investments in calf growth and health are observed thru lactation. Even so, performance, health, and immune status during this time play a large role in subsequent cow production and performance. A recent report from the USDA's National Animal Health Monitoring System estimated that 7.6 to 8.0% of dairy heifers die prior to weaning and 1.7 to 1.9% die post-weaning (2010). The cost of feed, housing, and management with no return in milk production make for substantial replacement-heifer cost. Therefore, management strategies to improve calf health, performance, and immune function are needed. Prebiotic supplementation has gained interest in recent years as a method to improve gastrointestinal health and immune function in livestock. It has been provided that prebiotic supplementation may be most effective in times of stress or increased pathogen exposure throughout the calf's lifetime (McGuirk, 2010; Heinrichs et al., 2009; Morrison et al., 2010). Multiple studies have researched the effect of prebiotics around the time of weaning, but to the author's knowledge, none have focused on prebiotic's effects during the transition from individual housing prior to weaning to commingled housing post-weaning which may also be a time of stress or increased pathogen exposure. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the effects of prebiotic supplementation of mannan-oligosaccharide and beta-glucan during this commingling phase. The results indicate that prebiotic supplementation alters feeding behavior, modulates neutrophil function, and increases antibody response during this time. The purpose of industry-based research, such as studies on prebiotics and other methods to improve calf health and performance, is to provide producers with tools to advance and improve their operations. In this respect, it is beneficial to learn what producers' needs are and what they are interested in improving. An extension survey was conducted to establish priorities, need, and management practices of Kansas dairy producers. The results of the survey indicate that nearly half of the producers (49.3%) are interested in extension programs focused on calf/heifer management. Similarly, over half (54.8%) of the producers responded that they are interested in improving calf/heifer management in the next 5 years. The death loss observed as well as the results of the survey display a need and a producer desire to improve calf management, warranting research on prebiotics and further methods to continue to improve calf health and performance.
Download or read book Evaluation of a Probiotic Levucell SB and a Prebiotic AgriMOS on Performance Health and Fecal Microflora of Veal Calves written by Katherine Chong and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of a Direct Fed Microbial 10 G on Live Animal Performance Carcass Characteristics Salmonella Prevalence of Fed Beef Heifers written by Travis Joel Tilton and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Salmonella is a major cause of food borne illness in the U.S. as this naturally occurring bacteria causing upwards of 1.35 million cases of foodborne illness annually. Cattle may harbor Salmonella in the gastrointestinal tract (GI) as well as in their lymph nodes and other areas of the animal body. This creates a challenge because lymph nodes are impervious to post-harvest pathogen interventions, thus leading to potential contamination in ground beef production. Direct-fed microbials are a possible pre-harvest intervention to reduce the burden of Salmonella. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of the direct-fed microbial 10-G upon cattle and carcass performance, as well as prevalence and enumeration of Salmonella in feces and lymph nodes. Fed beef heifers (n = 1,400; 343.3 ± 36.2 kg) were blocked by day of arrival and randomly allocated to one of two treatments (0 or 2g/animal/d; CON and 10-G, respectively) with ten pens per treatment. Pen served as the experimental unit. Cattle fed 10-G were provided 1 billion CFUs per animal per day of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Enterococcus faecium, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus plantarum. Recto-anal mucosal swab samples (RAMS) and subiliac lymph nodes (SLN) were collected longitudinally at harvest from twenty-four heifers per pen (n = 476). Quantification of RAMS and SLN's were completed via BAX® Salmonella PCR assay following the SalQuantTM approach. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS; pen served as the experimental unit and block and harvest date were random effects. Heifers fed 10-G did not differ in dry matter intake (P = 0.78), final body weight (P = 0.52), average daily gain (P = 0.49), gain to feed (P = 0.74), hot carcass weight (P = 0.56), dressed carcass yield (P = 0.83), 12th rib fat depth (P = 0.23), ribeye area (P = 0.62), calculated empty body fat (P = 0.35), or marbling score (P = 0.83). Distributions of liver scores (P > 0.14), yield grade (P > 0.22), and quality grade (P > 0.15) were not different between treatments. We detected a tendency for fewer inflated lungs at harvest of cattle fed 10-G (P = 0.10; 10-G 0.2%, CON 1.0%); other lung outcomes did not differ (P > 0.12). Salmonella prevalence of RAMS samples did not differ (P = 0.76; 10-G 93.7%, CON 93.3%) nor did SLN (P = 0.12; 10-G 22.7%, CON 12.2%). Salmonella log of CFU/g of RAMS and SLN did not differ between treatments at harvest (P = 0.49; 10-G 3.78, CON 3.37; P = 0.12; 10-G 0.35, CON 0.08), respectively. These results do not demonstrate any improvement live animal performance, carcass characteristics or reduction in Salmonella for heifers fed 10-G.
Download or read book Dietary Interventions to Modulate Gut Function in Ruminants written by Steven Thomas Quanz and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gastrointestinal health is exceedingly important in dairy cattle. Gastrointestinal inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract leads to a breakdown of the intestinal barrier, which allows pathogens and other infectious agents to enter the animal's body. Dairy calves undergo many physiological and environmental stressors during their first few months of life, which can cause the mucosal lining of the intestines to thin, thereby exposing the calf to pathogenic bacteria such as Clostridia species. Previous research has explored diet supplementation, including the use of direct fed microbials, to improve gastrointestinal health in dairy cattle. This dissertation focuses on addressing gastrointestinal health issues in two populations of dairy cattle: mid-lactation cows and calves. In the first study, mid-lactation dairy cows were supplemented with calcium gluconate with the goal of improving milk fat production as well as gastrointestinal health. Unfortunately, during the study, cows were exposed to several unplanned challenges including heat stress, mycotoxins (trichothecenes and zearalenone), and pathogenic bacteria (Clostridium species). Cows experienced sporadic intake and digestive upset, which likely contributed to reduced milk fat content (3.7% ± 0.20 at study enrollment declined to 3.4% ± 0.20 at the nadir). Cows with 3+ parities had greater (P 0.05) dry matter intake (DMI) compared to 2nd lactation cows. Parity groups did not differ in milk fat content (P 0.05), but 2nd lactations cows tended (P = 0.098) to have greater milk protein. Calcium gluconate supplementation had minimal effects on production. Supplementation tended (P = 0.056) to increase milk fat concentration (3.75 ± 0.050 vs. 3.66% ± 0.051), but also tended to reduce percent milk protein (P = 0.08) and lactose (P = 0.07) concentrations. Furthermore, there was a shift in milk fat composition. Cows supplemented with calcium gluconate had increased (P 0.05) production of milk de novo synthesized and mixed-source fatty acids. In addition, plasma NEFA concentrations were elevated in supplemented cows (P 0.05), but no other differences in blood metabolites were observed (P 0.05). In the second study, Holstein-Angus crossbred calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments at birth and then were sacrificed at 30, 60, or 90 days of life. Treatments consisted of 1) a negative control milk replacer, or 2) a milk replacer supplemented with Lactobacillus and Bacillus species. No differences were found between control calves and probiotic supplemented calves for performance measurements (P ≥ 0.10). There was a treatment x time interaction for starter DMI and total DMI (P 0.05) with probiotic-supplemented calves having greater intakes for the first 30 d of the trial than control calves. Health scores suggested no differences between treatments (P 0.05), with the exception of a tendency for ear score (P = 0.08) to be greater (indicative of more negative observations) in probiotic-supplemented calves compared to controls. No treatment effects (P 0.05) were observed for plasma health biomarkers, intestinal tissue E. coli or other pathogen abundance, fecal E. coli or pathogen counts, or ileal histology. In this study, the combined probiotic delivered with milk replacer had little discernable benefit for calf health and growth, although this cohort of calves was not severely challenged. Across both studies, the interventions evaluated had few impacts on measures of gastrointestinal health, but documented changes in gastrointestinal physiology and barrier function in growing calves and in mature cows undergoing digestive problems provide valuable insights.
Download or read book Probiotic in Animals written by Everlon Rigobelo and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-10-03 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last few decades the prevalence of studies about probiotics strains has dramatically grown in most regions of the world. The use of probiotics strains in animals production may reduce several problems caused by antibiotics therapy, growth promoter and problems from inadequate management. Probiotics are specific strains of microorganisms, which when served to human or animals in proper amount, have a beneficial effect, improving health or reducing risk of get sick. This book provides the maximum of information for all that need them trying with this to help many people at worldwide.
Download or read book Master s Theses Directories written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Education, arts and social sciences, natural and technical sciences in the United States and Canada".
Download or read book Effect of a Direct fed Microbial on Feedlot Performance Carcass Characteristics and Prevalence of Salmonella in Fed beef Heifers written by Lauren Marie Mayer and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Salmonella is a naturally occurring bacteria that is known to cause upwards of 1.35 million cases of foodborne illnesses annually. Ground beef products may be manufactured from trimmings containing Salmonella infected lymph nodes, which has led to pending rulemaking by USDA-Food Safety and Inspection Service to declare Salmonella as an adulterant. Direct-fed microbials are a pre-harvest intervention for reduction of Salmonella. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of a direct-fed microbial upon the prevalence and enumeration of Salmonella in feces and lymph nodes. Heifers (n=1,394; 291 ± 9.9 kg) were blocked by day of arrival and randomly allocated to one of two treatments (0 or 2g/animal/d; CON and 10-G, respectively) with ten pens per treatment. Heifers fed 10-G were provided 1 billion CFUs per animal per day of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Enterococcus faecium, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus plantarum. Twenty-four animals were randomly selected from each pen for Salmonella sampling. Rectoanal mucosal swab samples (RAMs) were obtained at initial processing and harvest; subiliac lymph nodes were collected at harvest. In addition, pen surface fecal pats were collected and composited by pen (10 pats per composite, 5 composites per pen) on days 0, 52, 120 and 170. Mixed models were used to analyze live performance, carcass characteristics and Salmonella prevalence and concentration with treatment used as fixed effect, block used as random effect and pen as experimental unit. Repeated measures was used to analyze Salmonella prevalence and concentration across time using the unstructured covariance structure. Dry matter intake (P = 0.63), average daily gain (P = 0.69), gain:feed (P = 0.81) and final body weight (P = 0.79) did not differ between treatments. Neither morbidity (P = 0.90) nor mortality and railer rates (P = 0.55) were different between treatments. Hot carcass weight (P = 0.14), dressed carcass yield (P = 0.53), 12th rib fat depth (P = 0.73), ribeye area (P = 0.13), calculated empty body fat (P = 0.71) or marbling score (P = 0.20) were not different between treatments. Yield grade distributions did not differ between treatments (P ≥ 0.44), however cattle fed 10-G tended (P = 0.06; 15.78 vs 20.34%) to be represented by fewer USDA Select carcasses and more (P = 0.09; 73.62 vs 77.97%) USDA Choice carcasses. Livers from cattle fed 10-G tended (P = 0.10; 12.26 vs 9.23%) to have a lower frequency of abscesses when compared to CON. Heifers fed 10-G also had fewer (P = 0.04; 5.27 vs 8.51%) severe liver abscesses. Salmonella prevalence of RAMs did not differ between treatments at initial processing (P = 0.92; CON = 11.6%, 10-G = 11.5%) or at harvest (P = 0.92; CON = 99.0%, 10-G = 98.6%), however RAMs differed (P
Download or read book The Effects of Supplementing Prebiotics on Gut Permeability Hormone Concentration and Growth in Newborn Dairy Calves written by Lucía Pisoni and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of microbial additives in rations has become a common practice in ruminant’s nutrition. One of these additives are prebiotics based on yeast cultures. The main purpose on their use is to increase cattle performance and production from early stages. Their active principle is unclear, but some of their compounds are known to have an effect over performance and gut health by stimulating growth of specific bacteria in the gut. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect on the use of prebiotics based on yeast cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products and Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extracts on gut permeability, hormone concentration, and growth. One hundred twenty heifers (40 per treatment) were randomly assigned to a Control (C), Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products (SCFP) (1 g/head per day of prebiotic in milk + 0.7% of prebiotic in the solid feed), or Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extracts (AOFE) (3 g/head per day of prebiotic in milk) treatment. All calves were fed 2 L of colostrum during the first 4 feedings on the first 36 hours following birth. From the 5th feeding until the end of the trial all animals received 3 L of pasteurized milk twice a day. Animals had ad-libitum access to a started feed from day 3. Body weight was recorded at birth, and on days 14, 30, 45, and 60. Between the first 24-48 hours after birth a blood sample for assessment of Ig G was taken. Dry feed offered was measured daily and refusals twice a week to obtain an average DMI. Diarrhea events were recorded daily and fecal scores were classified by using a 4 point scale. Blood was sampled on days 7 and 14 for plasma glucose, NEFA, urea, insulin, and IL-1ß concentrations. Lactulose and D-mannitol were included in the morning feeding of day 14 and blood samples were taken an hour after feeding for assessment of intestinal permeability. At the same time, a different blood sample was taken for plasma GLP-2 concentration. Finally, on day 30, fecal samples were collected for measurements of Salmonella and E. coli concentration on feces. Data was analyzed as a randomized complete block design with repeated measurements on SAS. The model included the random effect of calves within block, and the fixed effect of treatment, time, and their interaction. Linear regressions were used to evaluate the effect of plasma GLP-2, IL-1ß, Ig G concentration and intake at day 14 on the sugars ratio (lactulose: D-mannitol); and DMI (average at day 14), sugars ratio, plasma insulin concentration, and serum Ig G were used to evaluate ADG (average at day 14). Pearson correlation procedures were used to evaluate the association between total intake at day 14, GLP-2, lactulose, D-mannitol concentrations, sugars ratio, and ADG at day 14. Plasma concentration of Ig G showed a correct passive transfer of immunity on all animals at the beginning of the trial. No treatment differences were found for body weight (BW) or dry matter intake (DMI) (P > 0.1). There was a time by treatment difference (P = 0.01) on ADG on day 45 where C animals had a greater ADG when compared with SCFP and AOFE. Diarrhea incidence did not change between treatments (P > 0.1) and Salmonella and E-coli were not found in feces. Results from the current study also showed non-significant differences between treatments (P > 0.1) for plasma GLP-2, glucose, insulin, or urea concentrations. There was a time by treatment tendency (P = 0.01) for NEFA concentrations which tended to be higher on day 7 for C and AOFE when compared with day 14. Results from plasma IL-1ß concentrations showed a treatment tendency (P = 0.06) due to differences between C and SCFP with a plasma IL-1ß concentration of 15.71 and 32.01 pg/mL, respectively. Neither plasma concentration of the sugar markers, nor their ratio, showed significant differences between treatment groups (P > 0.1). Correlation analysis showed that total intake at day 14 positively correlated with GLP-2 concentration, as well as with ADG. Plasma GLP-2 was negatively correlated with D-mannitol concentration and positively correlated to the sugars ratio (lactulose: D-mannitol ratio). Lactulose concentration was positively correlated with D-mannitol and the sugars ratio. Regression analysis showed a negative association between DMI at day 14 with sugars ratio. Plasma IL1-ß had a tendency to be positively associated to sugars ratio. There was a significant association of Ig G with sugars ratio. Finally, only DMI at day 14 had a positive effect on ADG at day 14. In conclusion, under the current conditions, supplementation with prebiotics did not improve performance parameters. As a result, plasma GLP-2 concentration, intestinal permeability, and plasma metabolites did not differ after prebiotic supplementation. Because prebiotics have been shown to generate better responses under stress conditions, a different model using challenges like caloric stress, abrupt weaning, or pathogenic microorganisms could be implemented to evaluate potential differences between animals supplemented or not with these prebiotics.
Download or read book The impact of direct fed microbials and enzymes on the health and performance of Holstein cattle with emphasis on colostrum quality and serum immunoglobulins in the calf written by Shona B. Ort and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Probiotics Prebiotics and Synbiotics written by Ronald Ross Watson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-09-23 with total page 940 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics: Bioactive Foods in Health Promotion reviews and presents new hypotheses and conclusions on the effects of different bioactive components of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics to prevent disease and improve the health of various populations. Experts define and support the actions of bacteria; bacteria modified bioflavonoids and prebiotic fibrous materials and vegetable compounds. A major emphasis is placed on the health-promoting activities and bioactive components of probiotic bacteria. - Offers a novel focus on synbiotics, carefully designed prebiotics probiotics combinations to help design functional food and nutraceutical products - Discusses how prebiotics and probiotics are complementary and can be incorporated into food products and used as alternative medicines - Defines the variety of applications of probiotics in health and disease resistance and provides key insights into how gut flora are modified by specific food materials - Includes valuable information on how prebiotics are important sources of micro-and macronutrients that modify body functions
Download or read book Evaluation of the Use of Probiotics in Rearing Dairy Calves written by Maria Angeles Rodriguez and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Direct Fed Microbials on Performance and Digestive Tract Morphology of Neo Natal written by Karianne Dick and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Calf diarrhea or scours is one of the most significant and costly problems dairy producers face on a daily basis. A study was designed and conducted to evaluate the effects of direct-fed microbials on the performance and digestive tract morphology of neo-natal/transition Holstein bull calves. Treatments consisted of a control (n = 21) and a treatment (n = 22) of direct-fed microbial (5 x 108 cfu) supplemented daily. Samples of the rumen, duodenum, and ileum were harvested at the time of slaughter and examined for differences in morphology. Although the direct-fed microbial did not effect performance, it positively effected the ruminal papillae as well as the ileal villi. These data indicate that direct-fed microbials may increase the nutrient absorptive surface area of the rumen and ileum, resulting in a healthier digestive tract.
