Download or read book Effects of Electric Field Surface Alignment and Guest Materials in Cholesteric Liquid Crystals written by Rafael Soares Zola and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation research is focused on understanding aspects of cholesteric liquid crystals when different effects are taken into account, such as external field, surface alignment effect and guest materials, aiming possible applications such as for displays. More specifically, we studied the effect of different chiral dopants on the physical properties of the nematic host, showing that large changes may happen depending on the nature of the dopant, which as a matter of practicality, can be used for designing better displays. We found a naturally occurring chiral dopant that improves many physical parameters of the nematic host, yielding better displays. We also studied the effect of external electric fields and the transitions between cholesteric textures. This study led us to propose driving schemes and display designs, where extensive efforts were made to optimize active and passive matrices for bistable cholesteric displays. We also performed studies on the surface effect for improving the features of cholesteric displays. Furthermore, we used a surface enhanced effect to study the wetting of cholesteric liquid crystals under the isotropic-cholesteric transition and the stripe pattern occurring in the wetting layer. By using experiments and computer simulations we have shows that the delicate anchoring at the isotropic-cholesteric interface induces the pattern observed, depending on the elastic anisotropy and pitch length of the material. We also present a study of reflection broadening induced by DC fields when a small amount of polymer is dispersed in the cholesteric material, which is a great advantage over previous reported methods to induce bandwidth broadening and can be used as a switchable mirror. We propose a mechanism to explain the data. Last we include results on cholesteric phases made with bent-cores, and mixtures of bent-core and rod-like cholesteric liquid crystals. The results found in this last chapter yields the possibility of UV detectors as well as cholesteric displays sensitive to light, temperature and electric field.

Download or read book Electrooptic Effects in Liquid Crystal Materials written by L.M. Blinov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrooptic effects provide the basis for much liquid-crystal display technology. This book, by two of the leaders in liquid-crystal research in Russia, presents a complete and accessible treatment of virtually all known phenomena occurring in liquid crystals under the influence of electric fields.

Download or read book Liquid Crystal Applications and Uses written by Birenda Bahadur and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1992-12-01 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews comprehensively the technological, scientific, artistic and medical applications of liquid crystals. It starts with the basics of liquid crystals and covers electro-optical, thermo-optical, colour, polymeric, lyotropic, and scientific applications of liquid crystalline materials. It discusses the fabrication and operational principles of a full range of liquid crystal displays including dynamic scattering, twisted nematic, supertwisted nematic, dichroic, smectic A, ferroelectric, polymer dispersed, light valve, active matrix, etc., in detail. It also covers the emerging applications of liquid crystals such as optical computing, nonlinear optics, decorative and visual arts. The detailed chapters on classification, theory, chemical structure, physical properties and surface alignment of liquid crystals facilitate the basic understanding of the science behind LCDs and other uses of liquid crystals. The chapters on liquid crystal polymers and lyotropic liquid crystals, give deep insight into these areas. The potential uses and applications are also described in detail.

Download or read book Liquid Crystal Applications And Uses Volume 3 written by Birendra Bahadur and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1992-12-18 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews comprehensively the technological, scientific, artistic and medical applications of liquid crystals. It starts with the basics of liquid crystals and covers electro-optical, thermo-optical, colour, polymeric, lyotropic, and scientific applications of liquid crystalline materials. It discusses the fabrication and operational principles of a full range of liquid crystal displays including dynamic scattering, twisted nematic, supertwisted nematic, dichroic, smectic A, ferroelectric, polymer dispersed, light valve, active matrix, etc., in detail. It also covers the emerging applications of liquid crystals such as optical computing, nonlinear optics, decorative and visual arts. The detailed chapters on classification, theory, chemical structure, physical properties and surface alignment of liquid crystals facilitate the basic understanding of the science behind LCDs and other uses of liquid crystals. The chapters on liquid crystal polymers and lyotropic liquid crystals, give deep insight into these areas. The potential uses and applications are also described in detail.

Download or read book Alignment Technology and Applications of Liquid Crystal Devices written by Kohki Takatoh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-07-21 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alignment phenomena are characteristic of liquid crystalline materials, and understanding them is critically important in understanding the essential features and behavior of liquid crystals and the performance of Liquid Crystal Devices (LCDs). Furthermore, in LCD production lines, the alignment process is of practical importance. Alignment Technologies and Applications of Liquid Crystal Devices demonstrates both the fundamental and practical aspects of alignment phenomena in liquid crystals. The physical basis of alignment phenomena is first introduced in order to aid the understanding of the various physical phenomena observed in the interface between liquid crystalline materials and alignment layer surfaces. Methods for the characterization of surfaces, which induce the alignment phenomena, and of the alignment layer itself are introduced. These methods are useful for the research of liquid crystalline materials and devices in academic research as well as in industry. In the practical sections, the alignment methods used in the LCD production lines are introduced with various other trials for the alignment technologies. LCD performances are also discussed in relation to alignment phenomena. The authors have a wide range of experience in both academic research and in industry. This book will be of interest to researchers and engineers working in the LCD industry, and for physics and chemistry researchers studying liquid crystalline materials.

Download or read book Advances in Cholesteric Liquid Crystals written by Michel Mitov and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-02-05 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With their helical structure, cholesteric liquid crystals figure prominently in liquid crystal science. The selective reflection of light is their flagship property, and they offer a myriad of applications as advanced optical materials with multiscale properties. The cholesteric structure is also a ubiquitous design in the animal and plant kingdoms. This book contains eight contributions on fundamental investigations about defects, textures and structures of cholesteric materials, and experimental studies aimed at applications such as temperature sensors, head-up displays for improving automobile driving safety, or smart windows.

Download or read book Surfaces and Interfaces of Liquid Crystals written by Igor Muševič and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-08-11 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the state of the art of our understanding of liquid-crystal interfaces on a molecular level. The interactions of liquid crystal molecules with a surface play an essential role in the operation of liquid crystal displays (LCD's) and other LC devices that are based on the controllable anchoring of LC molecules on polymer coated surfaces. This book addresses the microscopic interaction between a macromolecule (liquid crystal, polymer) and a wall, using state of the art surface and interface-sensitive experimental techniques, such as Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM), Linear and Nonlinear Optical Microscopy and (Dynamic) Light Scattering (DLS). These experimental techniques were complemented with computer simulations and supra molecular chemistry methods to develop controllable polymeric surfaces.

Download or read book Selected Papers on Liquid Crystals for Optics written by Stephen D. Jacobs and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Flexoelectricity in Liquid Crystals written by Agnes Buka and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book intends to give a state-of-the-art overview of flexoelectricity, a linear physical coupling between mechanical (orientational) deformations and electric polarization, which is specific to systems with orientational order, such as liquid crystals. Chapters written by experts in the field shed light on theoretical as well as experimental aspects of research carried out since the discovery of flexoelectricity. Besides a common macroscopic (continuum) description the microscopic theory of flexoelectricity is also addressed. Electro-optic effects due to or modified by flexoelectricity as well as various (direct and indirect) measurement methods are discussed. Special emphasis is given to the role of flexoelectricity in pattern-forming instabilities. While the main focus of the book lies in flexoelectricity in nematic liquid crystals, peculiarities of other mesophases (bent-core systems, cholesterics, and smectics) are also reviewed. Flexoelectricity has relevance to biological (living) systems and can also offer possibilities for technical applications. The basics of these two interdisciplinary fields are also summarized.

Download or read book Electric Field Effects in Cholesteric Liquid Crystals written by Gordon Wayne Day and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Introduction to Liquid Crystals written by E. Priestly and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The existence of liquid crystals has been known for nearly a centu ry; yet it is only in the last ten years that their unique optical, electri cal, electro-optic, and thermal properties have been exploited to any significant extent in such technological applications as digital d~ plays and thermography. Digital watches equipped with liquid-crys tal displays (LCD's) have recently made their debut in the electronic watch market, and the large-scale use of LCD's in a variety of other applications requiring reliable, low-power digital displays is immi nent. There is good reason to believe that liquid crystals will be the first electro-optic materials to find widespread commercial use. Apart from applications, liquid crystals are unique among the phases of matter. Lurking beneath their garish display of color and texture is a great complexity of physical and chemical interaction that is only now beginning to unfold in the face of a decade-old resurgence in all aspects of liquid~rystal research. RCA Laboratories has participated in this resurgence from its beginning in the early 1960's and at present maintains active liquid-crystal programs both in basic re search and in device engineering. In view of the widespread interest in liquid crystals at RCA Labo ratories, an in-house weekly seminar devoted to the subject of liquid crystals was organized in the fall of 1973. The resulting lectures were subsequently published in three issues of the RCA Review and, with the incorporation of much additional material, eventually grew into the present volume.

Download or read book Opticals Effects in Liquid Crystals written by I. Jánossy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1988 physicists and chemists commemorated the centenary of the discovery of the first liquid crystals. Fora long period after this discovery, although many significant results were found, liquid crystal research remained a marginal topic of condensed matter physics. The situation changed in the sixties. At that time the remarkable electro-optical properties of liquid crystals were recognized and found soon widespread application in numeric displays. From a more fundamental point of view, the interest in disordered systems. increased in general at the same time. Liquid crystals represented an important dass of such systems. Among others, phase transitions, hydrodynamics and topological defects occurring in them attracted considerable attention. The connection between the liquid-crystalline state and the structure of biological membranes stimulated a Iot of works also. In the present volume we discuss a relatively new and rapidly developing branch of the fi. eld, namely nonlinear optical effects in liquid crystals. Optical studies have always played a signifi. cant role in liquid crystal science. Research of optical nonlinearities in liquid crystals began at the end of the sixties. Since then it became a powerful tool in the investigation of symmetry properties, interfacial phenomena or dynamic behaviour. Furthermore, several new aspects of nonlinear processes were demonstrated and studied extensively in liquid crystals. The subject covered in this book is therefore of importance both for liquid crystal research and for nonlinear optics itself. The term "nonlinear optics" is used here in a broad sense.

Download or read book A Review of the Structure and Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals written by Glenn Halstead Brown and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Electronics Engineer s Reference Book written by L. W. Turner and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 1492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electronics Engineer’s Reference Book, 4th Edition is a reference book for electronic engineers that reviews the knowledge and techniques in electronics engineering and covers topics ranging from basics to materials and components, devices, circuits, measurements, and applications. This edition is comprised of 27 chapters; the first of which presents general information on electronics engineering, including terminology, mathematical equations, mathematical signs and symbols, and Greek alphabet and symbols. Attention then turns to the history of electronics; electromagnetic and nuclear radiation; the influence of the ionosphere and the troposphere on the propagation of radio waves; and basic electronic circuits. The reader is also introduced to devices such as electron valves and tubes, integrated circuits, and solid-state devices. The remaining chapters focus on other areas of electronics engineering, including sound and video recording; electronic music and radio astronomy; and applications of electronics in weather forecasting, space exploration, and education. This book will be of value to electronics engineers and professionals in other engineering disciplines, as well as to scientists, students, management personnel, educators, and readers with a general interest in electronics and their applications.

Download or read book Liquid Crystals written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Proceedings of the S I D written by Society for Information Display and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Electronics Engineer s Reference Book written by F. F. Mazda and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electronics Engineer's Reference Book, Sixth Edition is a five-part book that begins with a synopsis of mathematical and electrical techniques used in the analysis of electronic systems. Part II covers physical phenomena, such as electricity, light, and radiation, often met with in electronic systems. Part III contains chapters on basic electronic components and materials, the building blocks of any electronic design. Part IV highlights electronic circuit design and instrumentation. The last part shows the application areas of electronics such as radar and computers.