Download or read book Effects of Dietary Fatty Acid Composition and Energy Restriction on Adipose Tissue Obese MRNA Fatty Acid Composition and Serum Leptin Levels written by Geoffrey Ronald Hynes and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Dietary fatty acid (FA) composition and energy restriction (ER) independently affect serum leptin levels; however it is not known whether this correlates with changes in obese (ob) gene expression. Herein, we assessed whether dietary FA composition and ER influence white adipose tissue (WAT) ob mRNA by Northern analysis. Animals consumed diets containing tallow (BT), safflower oil (SO) or fish oil (FO) ad libitum or at 60% ad libitum intakes. Serum leptin values were not different between levels of energy intake. ER decreased weight gain and WAT weights, which positively correlated with serum leptin values. WAT ob mRNA levels were in the rank order: FO > SO > BT in depots of all groups with ER showing a lower level of ob mRNA. Data show similarity in ob mRNA levels between depots with discordance in circulating leptin levels. These data suggest that energy restriction exerts greater control over leptin production than dietary fat source." --
Download or read book Fat Detection written by Jean-Pierre Montmayeur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-09-14 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the State-of-the-Art in Fat Taste TransductionA bite of cheese, a few potato chips, a delectable piece of bacon - a small taste of high-fat foods often draws you back for more. But why are fatty foods so appealing? Why do we crave them? Fat Detection: Taste, Texture, and Post Ingestive Effects covers the many factors responsible for the se
Download or read book The Effect of Dietary Fatty Acid Composition on Skeletal Muscle and Hepatic Fatty Acid and Glucose Metabolism in Male and Female Mice written by Lisa Kate Philp and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 974 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Australian adults consume ~6% above the recommended intake of saturated fat and less than half the recommended daily amount of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). There is some evidence that the type and proportion of dietary fat consumed may influence the development of the obese phenotype and associated metabolic complications. Epidemiological studies indicate that a saturated fat-rich diet (HF-S) is deleterious, whilst consuming n-3 PUFAs is beneficial to metabolic health. Saturated fats have a greater propensity to enter storage in adipose tissue and ectopic stores, as opposed to being oxidised. This is deleterious as ectopic fat deposition in skeletal muscle and liver are strongly associated with insulin resistance. In contrast, diets rich in n-3 PUFA limit adipose tissue hypertrophy, reduce ectopic fat and prevent high fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance in rats. However, the mechanism by which n-3 PUFA enrichment of a HF-S diet (HF-n-3) prevents ectopic fat deposition in muscle and liver is unclear; though pathways of fatty acid uptake, storage and oxidation may be implicated. Furthermore, in skeletal muscle a functional shift in fibre type may be implicated, as increased muscle n-3 PUFA content is associated with an increased proportion of oxidative fibres. The studies in this thesis therefore aimed to determine: (I) the effect of HFD fatty acid composition on metabolic profile, adipose tissue distribution, and muscle fibre type composition of male and female mice; (II) if HF-n-3 feeding influenced the mRNA content of 27 key genes that regulate the uptake (FAT/CD36, FABPpm, FATP), synthesis and storage (SREBF, INSIG, SCD, ACC, DGAT, HSL) and utilisation (PDK, PPAR, PGC1, AMPK, ACC, CPT1, UCP) of fatty acids and metabolism of glucose (HK, PFK, GYS) in the glycolytic extensor digitorum longus muscle, oxidative soleus muscle and liver of male and female mice. To assess these aims mice were fed either a control diet (16% energy from fat) or one of two HFDs (60% energy from fat), a HF-S or HF-n-3 (7.5% saturated fat replaced with n-3 PUFA) diet. I investigated the hypothesis that HF-n-3 feeding prevents ectopic fat deposition through enhanced uptake and utilisation, and reduced storage, of fatty acids. Despite similarly increased body weight with both HFDs, mesenteric fat mass decreased and brown fat increased with HF-n-3 feeding compared to HF-S feeding. HF-S feeding increased muscle and liver fat content; this was ameliorated by HF-n-3. As hypothesised, HF-n-3 feeding may ameliorate intramyocellular and intrahepatic fat accumulation through an altered pattern of fatty acid metabolism gene expression in those tissues, specifically through the concurrent activation of pathways regulating fatty acid transport and utilisation, whilst limiting pathways that promote fatty acid storage and lipogenesis. Muscle fibre type composition was unchanged with diet, although HF-n-3 feeding increased muscle oxidative capacity. HF-S mice exhibited increased plasma insulin and glucose metabolism was influenced by HF-n-3 feeding in a tissue-specific manner. These studies highlight the importance of gender and in skeletal muscle, muscle fibre type, to the overall characteristics, profile of gene expression and ultimate function of the skeletal muscle and liver.
Download or read book Health Effects of Dietary Fatty Acids written by Gary J. Nelson and published by The American Oil Chemists Society. This book was released on 1991 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended to be both a reference work for the active investigator and an overview for the professional who is not actively engaged in laboratory or clinical studies. It attempts to bring the entire field of dietary fats and health into perspective.
Download or read book Adipose Tissue in Health and Disease written by Todd Leff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-03-19 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely and most comprehensive reference available on the topic covers all the different aspects vital in the fight against the global obesity epidemic. Following a look at adipose tissue development and morphology, the authors go on to examine its metabolic and endocrine functions and its role in disease. The final section deals with comparative and evolutionary aspects of the tissue. The result is an essential resource for cell and molecular biologists, physiologists, biochemists, pharmacologists, and those working in the pharmaceutical industry.
Download or read book Effects of Glucose Metabolism and Reproductive Hormones on Leptin Secretion in Rat Adipocytes and the Effect of High carbohydrate Low fat Diets on Weight Loss and Energy Intake in Humans written by Wendy Marie Mueller-Cunningham and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Role of Fats in Human Nutrition written by John Podmore and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of High Fat Diets of Differing Fatty Acid Composition on Energy Balance Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis and Fat Depot Fatty Acid Composition in Mice written by Michelle P. Murphy and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Obesity and Lipotoxicity written by Ayse Basak Engin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-05 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the resultant health consequences and considerable increase in prevalence, obesity has become a major worldwide health problem. “Obesity and Lipotoxicity” is a comprehensive review of the recent researches to provide a better understanding of the lipotoxicity-related mechanisms of obesity and the potential for the development of new treatment strategies. This book overviews the biochemical pathways leading to obesity-related metabolic disorders that occur subsequent to lipotoxicity. Chapters examine the deleterious effects of nutrient excess at molecular level including the cellular and molecular aspects of breast cancer, resistance to leptin, insulin, adiponectin, and interconnection between the circadian clock and metabolic pathways during high-fat feeding. “Lipotoxicity and Obesity” will be a useful resource for clinicians and basic science researchers, such as biochemists, toxicologists, immunologists, nutritionists, adult and pediatric endocrinologists, cardiologists, as well as students who are thought in this field.
Download or read book Inflammation and Atherosclerosis written by Georg Wick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-03 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been known for over 150 years that hallmarks of inflammation can be observed in the wall of atherosclerotic vessels. It was, however, not clear if this inflammation is the cause or the consequence of atherogenesis. More recently, it has become evident that inflammation mediated both by innate and adaptive immunity is instrumental even in the earliest stages of the development of atherosclerotic lesions, i.e., that it plays an important pathogenetic role. In this volume, international experts in the field discuss the pathogenetic, diagnostic, preventive and possible therapeutic relevance of inflammation in atherogenesis. This book is intended for researchers and physicians in the fields of vascular biology, immunology and atherosclerosis.
Download or read book Effects of Dietary Gamma linolenic Acid on Somatic and Central Nervous System Fatty Acid Composition in Lean Fa Fa and Obese fa fa Zucker Rats written by Debbie Carolyn Thurmond and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Long Term Dietary Consumption of alpha linolenic Acid on Adipose Tissue Composition and Milk Fatty Acids in Normal and Lipoprotein Lipase deficient Queens written by Brian Christopher Veltri and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dietary Fat Requirements in Health and Development written by Joyce Beare-Rogers and published by The American Oil Chemists Society. This book was released on 1988 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This publication is a collection of works on fat requirements in development and health. The role of fats during human development and throughout a lifespan are discussed. Topics include: suitable fat foundations for infant feeding; lipid digestion in the developing infant; fat effects on fatty acids and cholesterol metabolism in animal experiments; the biochemistry and role of (n-3) fatty acids in the brain and retina; dietary factors in immune responsiveness; aging and nutritional requirements of essential fatty acids; and challenges for lipid nutritionists.
Download or read book The Effects of Dietary Trans Fatty Acids on Adipose Tissue Composition and Metabolism in Male C57BL 6J Mice written by Subodh Atal and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Varying the Fatty Acid Composition of a Carbohydrate restricted Diet on Plasma Fatty Acid Composition Blood Lipids Oxidative Stress Inflammation and Insulin Sensitivity in Men written by Cassandra E. Forsythe-Pribanic and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Leptin and Reproduction written by Michael C. Henson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The isolation of leptin in 1994 and its characterization as a factor influencing appetite, energy balance, and adiposity, immediately thrust the polypeptide into the rapidly growing body of literature centered on the physiology of obesity. The growing clinical awareness of obesity as a major health risk in developed societies dovetailed perfectly with any of a number of roles that leptin might play in this abenant physiological condition. Almost unnoticed amidst the excitement generated by early leptin publications was the suggestion that the "fat hormone" might also regulate a wide range of systems and events important to reproduction, including pubertal development, gonadal endocrinology, fettility, and pregnancy. Recognizing this potential, a relatively small cadre of researchers began to examine leptin specifically as a reproductive hormone, thus creating a new and fertile field of investigation. Interest in this area has since gained momentum and an increased number of participants have now made significant contributions to our understanding of many leptin-related mechanisms that are relevant to reproductive biology. Leptin and Reproduction is the first major volume to specifically address leptin as a reproductive hormone and closely examines the advances made in the short time since this field of interest developed. Preeminent researchers ti'om many of the subdisciplines working within this area present a welcomed compendium of the wealth of related literature and voice novel interpretations of cun'ent advances.
Download or read book Effects of Dietary Fat Type and Energy Restriction on Hypothalamic Membrane Structure and Leptin Receptor Function written by Jodi T. Heshka and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The objectives of the present study were to examine the effects of dietary fat type and level of energy intake on hypothalamic leptin binding affinity and membrane fatty acid composition, circulating leptin levels, and body weight homeostasis in rats. Animals were fed diets containing tallow, safflower oil, or menhaden oil (20% wt/wt) for 10 wks, ad libitum or at 60% of ad libitum intakes. Specific leptin binding could not be detected in hypothalamic membrane homogenates; hypothalamic leptin levels were unaffected by diet or energy intake. Levels of tracer exceeding assay reference values were found in homogenates, suggesting intra-membrane binding. Excess tracer levels were weakly associated (p
