Download or read book Effects of Diet Selection on Captive White tailed Deer Fawn Development written by Donald C. Kahl and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Supplemental Feeding and Deer Density on White tailed Deer Diet Selection and Antler Growth written by Kent M. Williamson and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nutritional Aspects of Artificially Feeding Captive and Wild Deer written by Ronald E. Dean and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the nutritionally related difficulties of winter feeding deer apparently result from either poor acceptability of artificial rations or digestive disturbances that result from feeding starved animals feeds to which they are not accustomed. Reported in this thesis are studies conducted with both captive and wild deer concerning acceptability of artificial rations and on the affects of feeding various rations to starving deer. The relative acceptability of various physical forms of grains-- pelleted, rolled, and whole--and of the common commercial concentrates was determined with captive black-tailed deer. When given a choice between the three forms, the deer markedly preferred the pelleted form in each of three separate trials with corn, barley and oats. The intake of the pelleted form comprised 79.6 percent, 77.9 percent, and 100 percent in the barley, corn and oat trials, respectively. The rolled form was rejected in the oat trial and comprised 20.4 percent and 22.1 percent of the total intake in the barley and corn trials, respectively. The whole form was rejected in all three trials. Nine common commercial concentrates were offered ad libitum, cafeteria style in various combinations, to the deer in a series of trials. Consumption rates indicated that corn, wheat and soybean meal were preferred by the deer with barley and oats being selected in limited amounts. Beet pulp, cottonseed meal, linseed meal, and peas were rejected by the deer if given a choice of more preferred feedstuffs, but, if not given a choice then they would consume limited amounts of these. Two palatability studies were conducted whereby browse plants that were considered to be highly palatable to deer were fed in combination with a cereal grain considered to be of low palatability. The relative intake of the browse-grain mixture was compared to the intake of the grain alone. The browse-grain mixtures were mountain mahogany-oats and blackberry-barley. With one exception, there was uniform rejection of treatments containing browse. The deer were able to detect browse in the feedstuffs at levels of 1 percent browse. Two levels of blackberry leaves (1 and 5 percent) and 3 levels of mahogany (1, 5 and 10 percent) all resulted in marked rejection. One mule deer was used in the mahogany-oat trial and there is some indication that this deer may have preferred the mixture. All of the other data which were taken from black-tailed deer indicate that low levels of dried mountain mahogany and blackberry in oats and barley, respectively, will decrease intake. The effects of abrupt dietary changes on mule deer and black-tailed deer, following periods of malnutrition were investigated. Four separate trials were conducted. These were, (1) changing five mule deer fawns from a browse diet to alfalfa ad libitum, (2) changing one mule deer from alfalfa to a complete concentrate ration ad libitum, (3) changing one mule deer from alfalfa to a green grass diet ad libitum, and (4) changing 18 black-tailed deer and two mule deer from grass hay to high protein diets. A total of three deer died after these dietary changes, but the ensuing necropsies did not reveal conclusive evidence that would indicate that any of the deer died as a result of the ration changes. Diarrhea was prevalent in the high protein ad libitum rations. Mule deer were observed while using feeding stations in Eastern Oregon during a severe winter. Rumen contents were taken and body condition was determined by necropsy on 16 deer that died at the feeding site and from 11 live deer that were sacrificed and which had access to the feeders. The results indicated that all deer to die on the feeding site died of starvation. The ingesta from the deer had high acid detergent fiber and cellulose levels, both of which were significantly related to lowered in vitro dry matter digestibility of the rumen samples. There was a significant negative correlation between body condition and in vitro dry matter digestibility of the rumen contents. Two herds of mule deer were artificially fed during a severe winter in Eastern Oregon. Two rations were fed to the deer without causing severe digestive upset, although one of the rations, containing 45 percent soybean meal, caused the deer to develop diarrhea for a brief period. Feed cost estimations indicated that it costs $0.07 and $0.11 per deer-day for the two rations fed during this study. It is suggested that creep feeders may offer a method of feeding fawns separate from adults which would make more economical use of the feed. A possible advantage of winter feeding is discussed.
Download or read book Food and Life written by United States. Department of Agriculture and published by . This book was released on 1939 with total page 1190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advanced White Tailed Deer Management written by Timothy Edward Fulbright and published by Texas A&M University Press. This book was released on 2023-03-31 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2003, a cadre of researchers set out to determine what combination of supplemental or natural nutrition and white-tailed deer population density would produce the largest antlers on bucks without harming vegetation. They would come to call this combination “the sweet spot.” Over the course of their 15-year experiment, conducted through the Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute at Texas A&M University–Kingsville, Timothy E. Fulbright, Charles A. DeYoung, David G. Hewitt, Don A. Draeger, and 25 graduate students tracked the effects of deer density and enhanced versus natural nutrition on vegetation conditions. Through wet years and dry, in a semiarid environment with frequent droughts, they observed deer nutrition and food habits and analyzed population dynamics. Containing the results of this landmark, longitudinal study, in keeping with the Kleberg Institute’s mission, this volume provides science-based information for enhancing the conservation and management of Texas wildlife. Advanced White-Tailed Deer Management: The Nutrition–Population Density Sweet Spot presents this critical research for the first time as a reference for hunters, landowners, wildlife managers, and all those who work closely with white-tailed deer populations. It explains the findings of the Comanche-Faith Project and the implications of these findings for white-tailed deer ecology and management throughout the range of the species with the goal of improving management.
Download or read book Effect of Nutrition on Growth of White tailed Deer Fawns written by Louis J. Verme and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects on Fawn Survival of Multiple Immobilizations of Captive Pregnant White tailed Deer written by Glenn David DelGiudice and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fawn viability was tested in captive, pregnant white-tailed deer (Ocodoileus virginianus) immobilized with xylazine hydrochloride and ketamine hydrochloride and reversed by yohimbine hydrochloride or tolazoline hydrochloride. Nine pregnant does were immobilized 10 times each from December 1984 to May 1985. Their mean parturition date was 8 June. The number of fawns produced per pregnant doe was 1.88. Mean weight of newborn fawns was 4.18 kg. Seventy-five percent of the does produced twins or triplets. Three (20%) fawns died postnatally within 48 hr, but the remaining 12 survived for the full 72 hr they were allowed to remain with their dams. These observations compare favorably with those of non-immobilized captive deer on similar diets.
Download or read book Effects of Three Practical Diets on Feeding Behavior Nutritional Status Rumen Health and Growth of Captive Mule Deer Odocoileus Hemionus Fawns written by Sarah McCusker and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wildlife Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Early Weaning on Survival and Growth of Captive White tailed Deer written by David F. Carroll and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of a Diet of Winter Pasture Grasses on Growth and Development of White tailed Fawns written by Ricky D. Owens and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Food Plots on Selected Growth Parameters Productivity and Harvesting of White tailed Deer in a National Forest written by Kenneth Dale Dancak and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seasonal Diet Selection of White tailed Deer Odocoileus Virginianus in Relation to Forage Availability in West Central Texas written by Nolan James Fontenot and published by . This book was released on 1987* with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wild Mammals of North America written by George A. Feldhamer and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2003-11-19 with total page 1250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Table of contents
Download or read book Dietary Supplementation Strategies for the Captive White tailed Odocoileus Virginianus Breeding Doe written by Ashlee Marie Adams and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Captive breeding and hunting of white-tailed deer in Texas is a popular business enterprise with significant economic impact. Stress in captive white-tailed breeding does may compromise their performance, alter immunity and increase death loss. Major stressors in captive deer include handling, weather extremes and poor nutrition. To alleviate stressors and the associated reduced performance cost to owners and breeders, it is necessary to research non-invasive methods to improve deer performance. Such methods may be dietary inclusion of feed additives comprising probiotic or plant-based essential oils, or dietary inclusion of a supplement known to have immunomodulatory effects in other species. Two experiments were performed to test these methods. Experiment 1 was conducted from 15DEC2015 to 8MAR2016 at a private deer breeding facility near Canadian, TX and does (n = 71) were weighed, palpated and blood sampled on d 0, 42 and 84 to determine weight maintenance, rib flesh score (RFS) and complete blood count via automated hemocytometer, respectively. Deer were randomly allocated to 1 of 6 treatment pens according to pre-assigned chute entry order. The two treatment diets consisted of a commercial deer breeder diet with no additive (CON) or the same breeder diet with a dietary immunomodulator (OmniGen-AF, Phibro Animal Health) included at 3.51 g/kg of feed (OG). Treatment diets were supplied via self-feeders located in each pen. The OG does lost less (P = 0.45) weight, numerically, throughout the study and tended (P = 0.10) to consume less feed; indicating that the OG does had increased feed efficiency compared to does consuming the CON treatment. Further, OG-treated does tended to have a greater (P = 0.09) RFS on d 42. There were no treatment differences for CBC variables (P ≥ 0.32); however, total leukocytes, neutrophils and neutrophil: lymphocyte decreased with time (day effect, P ≤ 0.02). These CBC data may provide a foundation for automated CBC reference range in captive white-tailed does. Experiment 2 was conducted from 23Jun2016 to 15Sep2016 at the same study site using the same experimental methods as Exp. 1 except blood was not collected. The two treatment diets consisted of a complete feed without additive (CON) and the same breeder diet with a phytogenic nutritional supplement included (CG; Climate Guard, Delacon). From d 0 to 84 there was not a difference (P ≥ 0.19) in ADG or BW gain, but numerically, CG does weighed more and CG-treated does gained BW; whereas, CON lost BW during the 84-d trial. There was a tendency (P = 0.06) for RFS to be greater in CG-treated does on d 42, and a difference existed (P
Download or read book Growth of White tailed Deer Fawns Following Dietary Protein Restriction written by Billy C. Lambert and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biology and Management of White tailed Deer written by David G. Hewitt and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-06-24 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Wildlife Society Outstanding Edited Book Award for 2013! Winner of the Texas Chapter of The Wildlife Society Outstanding Book Award for 2011! Winner of a CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title Award for 2011! Biology and Management of White-tailed Deer organizes and presents information on the most studied large mammal species in the world. The book covers the evolutionary history of the species, its anatomy, physiology, and nutrition, population dynamics, and ecology across its vast range (from central Canada through northern South America). The book then discusses the history of management of white-tailed deer, beginning with early Native Americans and progressing through management by Europeans and examining population lows in the early 1900s, restocking efforts through the mid 1900s, and recent, overabundant populations that are becoming difficult to manage in many areas. Features: Co-published with the Quality Deer Management Association Compiles valuable information for white-tailed deer enthusiasts, managers, and biologists Written by an authoritative author team from diverse backgrounds Integrates white-tailed deer biology and management into a single volume Provides a thorough treatment of white-tailed deer antler biology Includes downloadable resources with color images The backbone of many state wildlife management agencies' policies and a featured hunting species through much of their range, white-tailed deer are an important species ecologically, socially, and scientifically in most areas of North America. Highly adaptable and now living in close proximity to humans in many areas, white-tailed deer are both the face of nature and the source of conflict with motorists, home-owners, and agricultural producers. Capturing the diverse aspects of white-tailed deer research, Biology and Management of White-tailed Deer is a reflection of the resources invested in the study of the species’ effects on ecosystems, predator-prey dynamics, population regulation, foraging behavior, and browser physiology.
