Download or read book Effects of Cognitive Strategy Interventions on Word Problem Solving and Working Memory in Children with Math Disabilities written by H. Lee Swanson and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although current categories of learning disabilities include as specific disabilities calculation and mathematical problem solving [see IDEA reauthorization, 2004, Sec. 300.8(c)(10)], the majority of research focuses on calculation disabilities. Previous studies have shown, however, that deficits in word problem solving difficulties are persistent across the elementary school years even when calculation and reading skills are in the normal achievement range (Swanson et al., 2008). Previous research shows that growth in working memory (WM) is related to growth in word problem solving accuracy for children with math disabilities (MD e.g., Swanson, 2006, Swanson et al., 2008). However, the research is unclear as to the interventions that compensate for WM limitations in children with MD that in turn positively influence performance on problem solving measures. The purpose of this intervention study was to determine whether children with MD improve in problem solving ability as a function of strategy intervention that emphasizes relevant components of word problems. Children with MD and without MD were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: verbal strategies, visual strategies or a combination of both verbal and visual strategies. This study addressed three questions:(1) Do cognitive strategies that direct MD children's attention to relevant components of word problems in the context of distracting or irrelevant information enhance mathematical problem solving accuracy when compared to control conditions? (2) Are visual-spatial strategies in isolation or when combined with verbal strategies more effective than verbal strategies in isolation for children with MD? and (3) Do specific cognitive strategies and increases in WM load (number of irrelevant sentences in word problems) play an independent or interactive role in facilitating solution accuracy and transfer? One hundred and twenty (120) children from grades 2 and 3 in a Southern California public school district participated in this study. The primary findings were: both children with and without MD significantly improved word problem solving accuracy at post-test relative to other conditions, (b) pretest/post-test changes in correctly identifying relevant/irrelevant components mediated the effects of treatment on solution accuracy, (c) transfer (tasks independent of training) occurred on CBM of text word problems, verbal WM and calculation, and (d) individual differences in WM capacity interacted with treatment conditions when predicting overall solution accuracy.

Download or read book Improving Working Memory in Learning and Intellectual Disabilities written by Silvia Lanfranchi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-08-05 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last forty years of research have demonstrated that working memory (WM) is a key concept for understanding higher-order cognition. To give an example, WM is involved in reading comprehension, problem solving and reasoning, but also in a number of everyday life activities. It has a clear role in the case of atypical development too. For instance, numerous studies have shown an impairment in WM in individuals with learning disabilities (LD) or intellectual disabilities (ID); and several researchers have hypothesized that this can be linked to their difficulties in learning, cognition and everyday life. The latest challenge in the field concerns the trainability of WM. If it is a construct central to our understanding of cognition in typical and atypical development, then specific intervention to sustain WM performance might also promote changes in cognitive processes associated with WM. The idea that WM can be modified is debated, however, partly because of the theoretical implications of this view, and partly due to the generally contradictory results obtained so far. In fact, most studies converge in demonstrating specific effects of WM training, i.e. improvements in the trained tasks, but few transfer effects to allied cognitive processes are generally reported. It is worth noting that any maintenance effects (when investigated) are even more meagre. In addition, a number of methodological concerns have been raised in relation to the use of: 1. single tasks to assess the effects of a training program; 2. WM tasks differing from those used in the training to assess the effects of WM training; and 3. passive control groups. These and other crucial issues have so far prevented any conclusions from being drawn on the efficacy of WM training. Bearing in mind that the opportunity to train WM could have a huge impact in the educational and clinical settings, it seems fundamentally important to shed more light on the limits and potential of this line of research. The aim of the research discussed here is to generate new evidence on the feasibility of training WM in individuals with LD and ID. There are several questions that could be raised in this field. For a start, can WM be trained in this population? Are there some aspects of WM that can be trained more easily than others? Can a WM training reduce the impact of LD and ID on learning outcomes, and on everyday living? What kind of training program is best suited to the promotion of such changes?

Download or read book Interventions in Learning Disabilities written by Rachel Schiff and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-17 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews systematic training programs that are designed to enhance the language, reading, literacy and cognitive skills of individuals with Learning Disabilities in various disciplines. Most titles on Learning Disabilities intervention often focus on the linguistic area of the disability, while there are many more areas of difficulty. Students with learning disabilities struggle with such as math, cognitive abilities, and organizational skills. Adopting a multi-disciplinary approach, this book encompasses a wide variety of remedial treatments and therapies developed by expert researchers and scholars in the Learning Disabilities area.

Download or read book Differentiation Within Anemone Hepatica L of Japan written by Hiroshi Hara and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Linguistic Influences on Mathematical Cognition written by Ann Dowker and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-06-16 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many years, an abstract, amodal semantic magnitude representation, largely independent of verbal linguistic representations, has been viewed as the core numerical or mathematical representation This assumption has been substantially challenged in recent years. Linguistic properties affect not only verbal representations of numbers,but also numerical magnitude representation, spatial magnitude representations, calculation, parity representation, place-value representation and even early number acquisition. Thus, we postulate that numerical and arithmetic processing are not fully independent of linguistic processing. This is not to say, that in patients, magnitude processing cannot function independently of linguistic processing we just suppose, these functions are connected in the functioning brain. So far, much research about linguistic influences on numerical cognition has simply demonstrated that language influences number without investigating the level at which a particular language influence operates. After an overview, we present new findings on language influences on seven language levels: - Conceptual: Conceptual properties of language - Syntactic: The grammatical structure of languages beyond the word level influences - Semantic: The semantic meaning or existence of words - Lexical: The lexical composition of words, in particular number words - Visuo-spatial-orthographic: Orthographic properties, such as the writing/reading direction of a language. - Phonological: Phonological/phonetic properties of languages - Other language-related skills: Verbal working memory and other cognitive skills related to language representations We hope that this book provides a new and structured overview on the exciting influences of linguistic processing on numerical cognition at almost all levels of language processing.

Download or read book Math Instruction for Students with Learning Problems written by Susan Perry Gurganus and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-02-24 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Math Instruction for Students with Learning Problems, Second Edition provides a research-based approach to mathematics instruction designed to build confidence and competence in pre- and in-service PreK–12 teachers. This core textbook addresses teacher and student attitudes toward mathematics, as well as language issues, specific mathematics disabilities, prior experiences, and cognitive and metacognitive factors. The material is rich with opportunities for class activities and field extensions, and the second edition has been fully updated to reference both NCTM and CCSSM standards throughout the text and includes an entirely new chapter on measurement and data analysis.

Download or read book International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-11-04 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities, Volume 64 highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters written by an international board of authors. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities series

Download or read book Does Cognitive Strategy Training on Word Problems Compensate for Working Memory Capacity in Children with Math Difficulties written by H. Lee Swanson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent intervention studies directed to improve problem solving accuracy in children with math difficulties (MD) have found support for teaching cognitive strategies. This study addresses the question: What role does working memory capacity (WMC) play in strategy outcomes for children with MD? Four prediction models can be applied to strategy training outcomes for children with MD: (a) WMC as a limiting factor, (b) basic skills, (c) general resource, and (d) compensatory. The limiting WMC factor model suggests that children with lower WMC are less likely to benefit from strategy conditions than children with relatively higher WMC. Thus, children with MD vary in their responsiveness to strategy instruction and this is predicated on their WMC. In contrast, the basic skills model suggests that if declarative knowledge is intact (e.g., reading comprehension, and computational knowledge are in the average range), strategy instruction provides a helpful procedure to solve word problems without making demands on WMC. Participants were comprised of 146 third grade children from public school classrooms in the southwest United States. Children were drawn from 22 3rd grade classrooms. Children in the treatment conditions were provided instruction in small groups during math time and were instructed in a class or library in the same school setting. All children in the study participated with their peers in their home rooms on tasks and activities related to the district wide math school curriculum. Each experimental treatment condition included 20 scripted lessons administered over 8 weeks. Each lesson was 30 minutes in duration and was administered three times a week in small groups of 3 to 5 children. The criterion measures used to assess treatment effects were word problems from the Comprehensive Math Abilities Test (CMAT), arithmetic problems from the WRAT-3, and recall from an Operation Span measure. The results showed a significant WMC x treatment interaction across all criterion measures. In general, the results indicated that WMC played an important role in post-test performance outcomes, especially for the strategy conditions that included diagramming (visual-only condition). Tables and figures are appended.

Download or read book Treatment of Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence Fourth Edition written by Mitchell J. Prinstein and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2021-05-19 with total page 930 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now completely revised (over 90% new), this definitive practitioner reference and course text comprehensively reviews evidence-based treatments for psychological disorders in children and adolescents. The significantly expanded fourth edition covers an increased number of disorders, as well as transdiagnostic issues and public health concerns. Psychosocial, pharmacological, and complementary therapies are identified and described in well-organized chapters that include rich clinical illustrations. Prominent experts address developmental considerations in treatment and offer guidance for tailoring interventions to each child and family's needs. Prior edition title: Treatment of Childhood Disorders, Third Edition, edited by Eric J. Mash and Russell A. Barkley. New to This Edition *All chapters are new, reflecting over a decade of clinical and empirical developments. *Chapters on additional clinical issues: bipolar disorder, suicidal and nonsuicidal self-injury, obsessive–compulsive disorder, infant and toddler problems, posttraumatic stress disorder, coping and emotion regulation, bereavement, early-onset schizophrenia, personality disorders, childhood obesity, and sleep problems. *Chapters on case conceptualization and evidence-based therapist flexibility. *Illustrative case examples and transcripts added throughout. *Updated for DSM-5; every chapter also considers transdiagnostic and dimensional issues. See also the editors' Assessment of Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence, Fifth Edition.

Download or read book Mathematical Learning and Cognition in Early Childhood written by Katherine M. Robinson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-07 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores mathematical learning and cognition in early childhood from interdisciplinary perspectives, including developmental psychology, neuroscience, cognitive psychology, and education. It examines how infants and young children develop numerical and mathematical skills, why some children struggle to acquire basic abilities, and how parents, caregivers, and early childhood educators can promote early mathematical development. The first section of the book focuses on infancy and toddlerhood with a particular emphasis on the home environment and how parents can foster early mathematical skills to prepare their children for formal schooling. The second section examines topics in preschool and kindergarten, such as the development of counting procedures and principles, the use of mathematics manipulatives in instruction, and the impacts of early intervention. The final part of the book focuses on particular instructional approaches in the elementary school years, such as different additive concepts, schema-based instruction, and methods of division. Chapters analyze the ways children learn to think about, work with, and master the language of mathematical concepts, as well as provide effective approaches to screening and intervention. Included among the topics: The relationship between early gender differences and future mathematical learning and participation. The connection between mathematical and computational thinking. Patterning abilities in young children. Supporting children with learning difficulties and intellectual disabilities. The effectiveness of tablets as elementary mathematics education tools. Mathematical Learning and Cognition in Early Childhood is an essential resource for researchers, graduate students, and professionals in infancy and early childhood development, child and school psychology, neuroscience, mathematics education, educational psychology, and social work.

Download or read book Teaching Elementary Mathematics to Struggling Learners written by Bradley S. Witzel and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2016-01-24 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Packed with effective instructional strategies, this book explores why certain K-5 students struggle with math and provides a framework for helping these learners succeed. The authors present empirically validated practices for supporting students with disabilities and others experiencing difficulties in specific areas of math, including problem solving, early numeracy, whole-number operations, fractions, geometry, and algebra. Concrete examples, easy-to-implement lesson-planning ideas, and connections to state standards, in particular the Common Core standards, enhance the book's utility. Also provided is invaluable guidance on planning and delivering multi-tiered instruction and intervention.

Download or read book Occupation Centred Practice with Children written by Sylvia Rodger and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-05-30 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Occupation-Centred Practice with Children remains the only occupational therapy book which supports the development and implementation of occupation-centred practice with children. Drawing on the latest occupational therapy theory and research, this new edition has been fully updated throughout, and includes new chapters on occupational transitions for children and young people, assessing children’s occupations and participation, intervention within schools, the arts and children’s occupational opportunities, as well as using animals to support children’s occupational engagement. Key features: Written by an international expert team of contributors. Each chapter begins with preliminary questions to assist with consideration of current knowledge, and then reflection questions at the conclusion to allow revision of key content in order to support independent learning. Highly practical, with a range of case studies, key point summaries, reflective questions, best practice guidelines, and a range of tools, interventions and techniques to aid applications to practice. A new appendix outlining all the assessments referred to in the book has now been included. Occupation-Centred Practice with Children is a practical, theoretically grounded and evidence based guide to contemporary occupational therapy practice, and is important reading for all occupational therapy students and therapists wishing to make a real difference to children and their families’ lives.

Download or read book Handbook of Research on Child and Adolescent Psychology Practices and Interventions written by Gupta, Sanjeev Kumar and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2023-11-17 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Research on Child and Adolescent Psychology Practices and Interventions offers a crucial solution to the pressing need for comprehensive resources in the field of child and adolescent mental health. Edited by esteemed scholar Sanjeev Gupta from the All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, this groundbreaking handbook brings together the latest research, evidence-based practices, and multidisciplinary perspectives to address the diverse challenges faced by children and adolescents. From affective disorders to global crises in mental health, the book covers a wide range of topics, providing multidimensional insights and empowering strategies for mental health practitioners, academicians, researchers, and students. With a strong emphasis on early identification and intervention, the handbook highlights the vital role of parents, caregivers, and teachers in the sustainable rehabilitation of young individuals. It equips readers with drill practices and cognitive training programs tailored to the plasticity of young brains, setting the stage for positive changes in the natural history of mental health issues and disabilities, starting from the earliest weeks or months of life. By offering evidence-based practices, cutting-edge research, and practical insights, this comprehensive and multidisciplinary resource empowers professionals and organizations to make a lasting impact on the mental well-being of children and adolescents, ultimately reducing the burden on caregivers. The Handbook of Research on Child and Adolescent Psychology Practices and Interventions is an essential tool for anyone dedicated to improving the lives of young individuals and advancing the field of child and adolescent mental health.

Download or read book The Nature of Mathematical Thinking written by Robert J. Sternberg and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-10-12 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do some children seem to learn mathematics easily and others slave away at it, learning it only with great effort and apparent pain? Why are some people good at algebra but terrible at geometry? How can people who successfully run a business as adults have been failures at math in school? How come some professional mathematicians suffer terribly when trying to balance a checkbook? And why do school children in the United States perform so dismally in international comparisons? These are the kinds of real questions the editors set out to answer, or at least address, in editing this book on mathematical thinking. Their goal was to seek a diversity of contributors representing multiple viewpoints whose expertise might converge on the answers to these and other pressing and interesting questions regarding this subject. The chapter authors were asked to focus on their own approach to mathematical thinking, but also to address a common core of issues such as the nature of mathematical thinking, how it is similar to and different from other kinds of thinking, what makes some people or some groups better than others in this subject area, and how mathematical thinking can be assessed and taught. Their work is directed to a diverse audience -- psychologists interested in the nature of mathematical thinking and abilities, computer scientists who want to simulate mathematical thinking, educators involved in teaching and testing mathematical thinking, philosophers who need to understand the qualitative aspects of logical thinking, anthropologists and others interested in how and why mathematical thinking seems to differ in quality across cultures, and laypeople and others who have to think mathematically and want to understand how they are going to accomplish that feat.

Download or read book Handbook of Response to Intervention and Multi Tiered Systems of Support written by Paige C. Pullen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-04 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of the many issues facing special education (and general education) today, it is difficult to imagine one more important or timely than response to intervention (RTI). Almost overnight RTI has become standard practice across the nation. Unfortunately, RTI remains ill-defined, falls far short of its evidence-based practice goal, is almost invariably misused, and often results in more harm than good. Nevertheless, as a conceptual framework RTI has great potential for ensuring that students with disabilities receive appropriate, evidence-based instruction. The mission of this handbook is to present a comprehensive and integrated discussion of response to intervention (RTI) and its relation to multi-tiered systems of support (MTSS) in both special education and general education. Although the two terms are currently used interchangeably, distinct differences exist between them. Therefore, chapters are dedicated to distinguishing the two concepts—RTI and MTSS—and describing each one’s unique role in both general and special education. In addition, the authors recommend a third term, Multi-Tiered Instruction, to differentiate the practices related to the purpose of the specific intervention.

Download or read book Instructional Practices with and without Empirical Validity written by Bryan G. Cook and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2016-07-06 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is important for Stakeholders to be aware of both practices supported as effective as well as ineffective for students with learning and behavioral disabilities, in order to provide instruction that results in improved learner outcomes in critical areas of education.

Download or read book Introduction to Abnormal Child and Adolescent Psychology written by Robert Weis and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2020-08-27 with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflecting the latest advancements in the field and complete DSM–5 criteria, Robert Weis’ Introduction to Abnormal Child and Adolescent Psychology provides students with a comprehensive and practical introduction to child psychopathology. The book uses a developmental psychopathology approach to explore the emergence of disorders over time, describe the risks and protective factors that influence developmental processes and trajectories, and examine child psychopathology in relation to typical development and children’s sociocultural context. The fully revised Fourth Edition includes a new chapter on research methods, a greater emphasis on the ways social-cultural factors affect each disorder covered, and recent research findings on topics such as autism spectrum disorder and adolescents’ use of nicotine and marijuana vaping products.