Download or read book The Emperor s New Drugs written by Irving Kirsch and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2010-01-26 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do antidepressants work? Of course -- everyone knows it. Like his colleagues, Irving Kirsch, a researcher and clinical psychologist, for years referred patients to psychiatrists to have their depression treated with drugs before deciding to investigate for himself just how effective the drugs actually were. Over the course of the past fifteen years, however, Kirsch's research -- a thorough analysis of decades of Food and Drug Administration data -- has demonstrated that what everyone knew about antidepressants was wrong. Instead of treating depression with drugs, we've been treating it with suggestion. The Emperor's New Drugs makes an overwhelming case that what had seemed a cornerstone of psychiatric treatment is little more than a faulty consensus. But Kirsch does more than just criticize: he offers a path society can follow so that we stop popping pills and start proper treatment for depression.
Download or read book Fluoxetine written by Graziano Pinna and published by . This book was released on 2015-04-01 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluoxetine, best known by the trade name Prozac®, unlike other psychotropic drugs whose effects were serendipitously stumbled upon, was the first developed for a precise mechanism of action, that is, the ability to selectively inhibit serotonin reuptake, based upon the theory that increasing the availability of serotonin would treat major depression. Once approved by the FDA in 1987, fluoxetine quickly became the most prescribed psychotropic drug worldwide and its success in improving mood disorders has triggered the development of a large number of congener molecules, commonly known as SSRIs after their purported mechanism of action. However, a quarter of a century after its development, the idea that fluoxetine asserts its positive behavioral effect through inhibition of serotonergic reuptake is not firmly established. This book reviews several preclinical and clinical reports suggesting that the pharmacological effects of fluoxetine may be mediated by means other than the regulation of serotonin, including the regulation of gene expression, modifying epigenetic mechanisms as well as modifying microRNAs. One of the most prominent mechanisms for the therapeutic relevance of fluoxetine relates to influencing neuroplasticity by enhancing neurotropic factors, including BDNF signaling and altering adult neurogenesis. The ability of fluoxetine to rapidly increase neurosteroid levels accounts for the fast anxiolytic effects of this drug. Fluoxetine action at sigma-1 receptor or modulating glutamatergic neurotransmission as well as the combination of fluoxetine with other psychotropic drugs is discussed in relation to its therapeutic effects. While fluoxetine was primarily prescribed as an antidepressant, this drug currently represents a treatment of choice for a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder and a range of anxiety disorders. This drug even possesses analgesic actions and is a valuable therapy for stroke. This book also highlights emerging evidence on the gender-specific effects of fluoxetine, its potential adverse features, including its addiction liability in combination with psychostimulants, and the impact of perinatal fluoxetine exposure.
Download or read book Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience written by Jerry J. Buccafusco and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-08-29 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using the most well-studied behavioral analyses of animal subjects to promote a better understanding of the effects of disease and the effects of new therapeutic treatments on human cognition, Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience provides a reference manual for molecular and cellular research scientists in both academia and the pharmaceutic
Download or read book Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors SSRIs for Major Depression written by Devidas Menon and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have witnessed large increase in expenditures on antidepressants. This has coincided with the introduction and the widespread use of a new class of antidepressants, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs are substantially more expensive than the older tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), but have a different adverse effect profile and are better tolerated. This study examines the cost-effectiveness of this new class of antidepressants as compared to TCAs in the outpatient treatment of depression. A decision model is built in order to compare three different strategies. The first strategy consists of an SSRI followed by a TCA in case of failure, the second strategy consists of a TCA followed by an SSRI in case of failure, and the third strategy consists of TCA only. The model indicates that the success rate of a short term treatment with an SSRI is higher than one with a TCA, but is also more expensive. However, as maintenance therapy is initiated, and the switch of medications is allowed for those who drop out of treatment, the cumulative success rate of SSRI first strategy becomes very similar to that of the TCA first strategy, but the cost of the SSRI first strategy increases over time. In comparison, when estimates of drop-out rates taken from studies conducted in naturalistic environments are substituted for clinical trial rates, this additional cost becomes increasingly small. If quality of life is considered, the SSRI first strategy offers improved quality of life over the TCA first strategy. In other words, an SSRI first-line strategy is dominant over a TCA only strategy, and an SSRI first-line strategy compared to a SSRI second-line strategy produces QALYs at an acceptable cost by current standards.
Download or read book Pharmacological Treatment of Mental Disorders in Primary Health Care written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2009 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual attempts to provide simple, adequate and evidence-based information to health care professionals in primary health care especially in low- and middle-income countries to be able to provide pharmacological treatment to persons with mental disorders. The manual contains basic principles of prescribing followed by chapters on medicines used in psychotic disorders; depressive disorders; bipolar disorders; generalized anxiety and sleep disorders; obsessive compulsive disorders and panic attacks; and alcohol and opioid dependence. The annexes provide information on evidence retrieval, assessment and synthesis and the peer view process.
Download or read book Side Effects written by Alison Bass and published by Algonquin Books. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An investigative journalist for the Boston Globe probes the controversy over increased suicide rates among teenagers taking common antidepressants, focusing on the efforts of a whistle-blower and the New York State Attorney General's office to bring an unprecedented lawsuit against the maker of Paxil that changed the way drugs are tested, sold, and marketed.
Download or read book Listening to Prozac written by Peter D. Kramer and published by Penguin. This book was released on 1997-09-01 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The New York Times bestselling examination of the revolutionary antidepressant, with a new introduction and afterword reflecting on Prozac’s legacy and the latest medical research “Peter Kramer is an analyst of exceptional sensitivity and insight. To read his prose on virtually any subject is to be provoked, enthralled, illuminated.” —Joyce Carol Oates When antidepressants like Prozac first became available, Peter D. Kramer prescribed them, only to hear patients say that on medication, they felt different—less ill at ease, more like the person they had always imagined themselves to be. Referencing disciplines from cellular biology to animal ethology, Dr. Kramer worked to explain these reports. The result was Listening to Prozac, a revolutionary book that offered new perspectives on antidepressants, mood disorders, and our understanding of the self—and that became an instant national and international bestseller. In this thirtieth anniversary edition, Dr. Kramer looks back at the influence of his groundbreaking book, traces progress in the relevant sciences, follows trends in the use and public understanding of antidepressants, and assesses potential breakthroughs in the treatment of depression. The new introduction and afterword reinforce and reinvigorate a book that the New York Times called “originally insightful” and “intelligent and informative,” a window on a medicine that is “telling us new things about the chemistry of human character.”
Download or read book Depression and Heart Disease written by Alexander Glassman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-06-20 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, there has been a growing awareness of the multiple interrelationships between depression and various physical diseases. Patients with psychiatric problems, particularly depression, may be more susceptible to cardiovascular disorders. Depression and Heart Disease synthesizes current evidence, including some previously unpublished data, in a concise, easy-to-read format. The authors succinctly describe the epidemiology, pathogenesis (including cytokines and genetics), and risk factors of the comorbidity between depression and heart disease. The book also reviews the best pharmacological and psychotherapeutic approaches for people with this comorbidity.
Download or read book Rang Dale s Pharmacology written by James M. Ritter and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2018-11-04 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World-renowned coverage of today’s pharmacology at your fingertips Keeps you up-to-date with new information in this fast-changing field, including significantly revised coverage of CNS drugs, cognitive enhancers, anti-infectives, biologicals/biopharmaceuticals, lifestyle drugs, and more. Includes access to unique features, including more than 100 brand new chapter-specific multiple-choice questions and 6 new cases for immediate self-assessment. Features a color-coded layout for faster navigation and cross-referencing. Clarifies complex concepts with Key Points boxes, Clinical Uses boxes and full-color illustrations throughout.
Download or read book Pharmacology written by Joyce LeFever Kee and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2014-01-30 with total page 995 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous edition has subtitle: "a nursing process approach."
Download or read book Ordinarily Well written by Peter D. Kramer and published by Macmillan + ORM. This book was released on 2016-06-07 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do antidepressants work, or are they glorified dummy pills? How can we tell? In Ordinarily Well, the celebrated psychiatrist and author Peter D. Kramer examines the growing controversy about the popular medications. A practicing doctor who trained as a psychotherapist and worked with pioneers in psychopharmacology, Kramer combines moving accounts of his patients’ dilemmas with an eye-opening history of drug research to cast antidepressants in a new light. Kramer homes in on the moment of clinical decision making: Prescribe or not? What evidence should doctors bring to bear? Using the wide range of reference that readers have come to expect in his books, he traces and critiques the growth of skepticism toward antidepressants. He examines industry-sponsored research, highlighting its shortcomings. He unpacks the “inside baseball” of psychiatry—statistics—and shows how findings can be skewed toward desired conclusions. Kramer never loses sight of patients. He writes with empathy about his clinical encounters over decades as he weighed treatments, analyzed trial results, and observed medications’ influence on his patients’ symptoms, behavior, careers, families, and quality of life. He updates his prior writing about the nature of depression as a destructive illness and the effect of antidepressants on traits like low self-worth. Crucially, he shows how antidepressants act in practice: less often as miracle cures than as useful, and welcome, tools for helping troubled people achieve an underrated goal—becoming ordinarily well.
Download or read book Evidence biased Antidepressant Prescription written by Michael P. Hengartner and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-09 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the over-prescribing of antidepressants in people with mostly mild and subthreshold depression. It outlines the steep increase in antidepressant prescription and critically examines the current scientific evidence on the efficacy and safety of antidepressants in depression. The book is not only concerned with the conflicting views as to whether antidepressants are useful or ineffective in various forms of depression, but also aims at detailing how flaws in the conduct and reporting of antidepressant trials have led to an overestimation of benefits and underestimation of harms. The transformation of the diagnostic concept of depression from a rare but serious disorder to an over-inclusive, highly prevalent but predominantly mild and self-limiting disorder is central to the books argument. It maintains that biological reductionism in psychiatry and pharmaceutical marketing reframed depression as a brain disorder, corroborating the overemphasis on drug treatment in both research and practice. Finally, the author goes on to explore how pharmaceutical companies have distorted the scientific literature on the efficacy and safety of antidepressants and how patient advocacy groups, leading academics, and medical organisations with pervasive financial ties to the industry helped to promote systematically biased benefit-harm evaluations, affecting public attitudes towards antidepressants as well as medical education, training, and practice.
Download or read book Discontinuing Antidepressant Medications written by Giovanni A. Fava and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-10-21 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One in six people in the US are currently taking psychotropic drugs. In 80% of cases, the medication is taken for long-term use and predominantly involves new-generation antidepressants, such as SSRIs (e.g. paroxetine) and SNRIs (e.g. venlafaxine). When patients want to stop taking these drugs and/or their physicians decide it is time for them to stop, substantial problems often can ensue. About 50% of patients experience withdrawal symptoms that do not necessarily subside after a few days or weeks and may be severe and debilitating. Physicians often do not know what to do in these situations. As a result, patients experiencing the anguish and mental pain of withdrawal syndromes are unlikely to receive appropriate medical attention. Discontinuing antidepressants is a highly technical challenge that requires specific strategies. This handbook guides clinicians through each clinical step (assessment; what the counter-indications would be for stopping or continuing; and how discontinuation can best be achieved). It provides a detailed account of the assessment and management strategies, with many case illustrations and clinical examples, drawing from the literature that is available and the extensive personal experience of the author.
Download or read book Sleep and Mental Illness written by S. R. Pandi-Perumal and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-04-01 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The diagnosis of mental illness is frequently accompanied by sleep problems; conversely, people experiencing sleep problems may subsequently develop mental illness. Sleep and Mental Illness looks at this close correlation and considers the implications of research findings that have emerged in the last few years. Additionally, it surveys the essential concepts and practical tools required to deal with sleep and co-morbid psychiatric problems. The volume is divided into three main sections: basic science, neuroendocrinology, and clinical science. Included are over 30 chapters on topics such as neuropharmacology, insomnia, depression, dementia, autism, and schizophrenia. Relevant questionnaires for the assessment of sleep disorders, including quality-of-life measurement tools, are provided. There is also a summary table of drugs for treating sleep disorders. This interdisciplinary text will be of interest to clinicians working in psychiatry, behavioral sleep medicine, neurology, pulmonary and critical care medicine.
Download or read book Drugs Driving and Traffic Safety written by Joris C. Verster and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-08-29 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drugs, Driving and Traffic Safety gives a comprehensive overview of the effects of different medical conditions like neurological disorders, anxiety and depression and their pharmaceutical treatment on driving ability. In addition, the effects of alcohol and drugs of abuse are discussed. Leading experts present the different methodologies to examine effects of drugs on driving, and summarize the recent scientific evidence including epidemiological studies, roadside surveys, laboratory tests, driving simulators, and the standardized driving test. The volume includes guidelines of the International Council on Alcohol, Drugs and Traffic Safety (ICADTS) and the ICADTS Drugs List 2007. Drugs, Driving and Traffic Safety is written for physicians, psychiatrists and pharmacists who want to inform their patients who use psychoactive drugs.
Download or read book The Pill That Steals Lives One Woman s Terrifying Journey to Discover the Truth About Antidepressants written by Katinka Newman and published by Kings Road Publishing. This book was released on 2016-07-07 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While going through a divorce, documentary filmmaker Katinka Blackford Newman took an antidepressant. Not unusual – except that things didn't turn out quite as she expected. She went into a four-day toxic psychosis with violent hallucinations, imagining she had killed her children, and in fact attacking herself with a knife. Caught up in a real-life nightmare when doctors didn't realise she was suffering side effects of more pills, she went into a year-long decline. Soon she was wandering around in an old dressing gown, unable to care for herself, and dribbling. She nearly lost everything, but luck stepped in; treated at another hospital, she was taken off all the medication and made a miraculous recovery within weeks. By publicising her story, Katinka went on to make some startling discoveries. Could there really be thousands around the world who kill themselves and others from these drugs? What of the billions of dollars in settlements paid out by drug companies? Could they really be the cause of world mass killings, such as the Germanwings pilot who took an airliner down, killing 150, while on exactly the same medication as the author when she became psychotic? And how come so many people are taking these drugs when experts say they are no more effective than a sugarcoated pill for people like her, who are distressed rather than depressed? Moving, frightening and at times funny, this is the story of how a single mum in Harlesden, North-West London, juggles life and her quest for love in order to investigate Big Pharma. For more information visit www.thepillthatsteals.com
Download or read book Pediatric Anxiety Disorders written by Scott N. Compton and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-03-28 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pediatric Anxiety Disorders provides a critical, updated and comprehensive overview of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents based on the current state of empirical research. The book provides specific clinical recommendations which integrate new knowledge from neuroscience and innovative delivery formats for interventions. This is the first reference to examine anxiety diagnoses in accordance with the latest edition of the DSM-5, including childhood onset disorders, such as Separation Anxiety Disorder, Selective Mutism, Specific Phobia, Social Anxiety Disorder, Panic Disorder, Agoraphobia and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. The book assists clinicians in critically appraising the certainty of the evidence-base and the strength of clinical recommendations. Uses the latest edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the DSM-5 Includes the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach in assessing guideline development Focuses on advances in etiology, assessment and treatment Presents new advances in our understanding of the brain behind fear and anxiety Uses a stepped care approach to treatment
