Download or read book Effects of Aging on Muscle Activation Patterns and Postural Control During Sit to stand and Balance Recovery from Medio lateral Perturbations Across Different Initial Foot Positions written by Woohyoung Jeon and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We investigated the effects of initial foot position (IFP) on muscle activation patterns and postural control during sit-to-stand (STS) and balance recovery from medio-lateral (M-L) perturbations and how they are different between younger and older adults. In study 1, the effects of different symmetric and asymmetric IFPs on leg muscle activation patterns and balance during and after a STS were examined. A faster forward velocity of the body’s center of mass (CoM) was required in more anterior symmetric IFPs and the greater forward velocity of the body’s CoM caused more postural sway following completion of upright stance. In the one-third back non-dominant leg with two-thirds back dominant leg asymmetric IFP from a 90° knee flexion, the weight-bearing symmetry was not different from the symmetric IFPs and postural stability after STS was improved. In study 2, we investigated the effects of different IFPs and aging on muscle activation patterns and balance during and after a STS. We found that the trunk forward-tilt angle and hip extension torque during uprising were smaller in TO and Wide for both age groups. Postural sway and center of pressure sway area were smallest in TO after completion of uprising with no difference between age groups. Adductor longus and gluteus medius activity was also greater in TO, and older adults activated these muscles more than younger adults in this IFP. This study showed that smaller trunk flexion with greater activation of the hip ab/adductor muscles in TO can contribute to improving postural stability during the STS. Study 3 evaluated the effects of IFPs and aging on changes in muscle activation patterns, kinematics, and postural sway during standing balance recovery in response to unexpected sudden M-L ground perturbations. We observed that M-L standing balance recovery starts with a reflex response to control the body’s CoM position immediately. Although the fibularis longus activity at the ankle joint is smaller in older adults, toes-out IFP provides greater activation of the soleus and fibularis longus and smaller increments of postural sway following perturbations in both age groups. The findings from these series of studies show that IFPs change leg muscle activation patterns and kinematics during a balance recovery motion and influence balance maintenance. These findings are important for designing strength and balance exercise interventions for clinical populations to improve dynamic balance and prevent falls

Download or read book Balance Dysfunction in Parkinson s Disease written by Martina Mancini and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-09-14 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Balance Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease: Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Management presents the most updated information on a variety of topics. Sections help clinicians evaluate the types of balance control issues, dynamic balance dysfunction during turning, and the effects of medication, deep brain stimulation, and rehabilitation intervention on balance control. This book is the first to review the four main postural control systems and how they are affected, including balance during quiet stance, reactive postural adjustments to external perturbations, anticipatory postural adjustments in preparation for voluntary movements, and dynamic balance control during walking and turning. In addition, the book's authors summarize the effects of levodopa, deep brain stimulation, and rehabilitation intervention for each balance domain. This book is recommended for anyone interested in how and why balance control is affected by PD. Provides the first comprehensive review of research to date on balance dysfunctions in Parkinson's disease Discusses how to translate current neuroscience research into practice regarding neural control of balance Provides evidence on the effects of current interventions on balance control

Download or read book Cerebral Palsy written by Freeman Miller and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2006-05-08 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When a child has a health problem, parents want answers. But when a child has cerebral palsy, the answers don't come quickly. A diagnosis of this complex group of chronic conditions affecting movement and coordination is difficult to make and is typically delayed until the child is eighteen months old. Although the condition may be mild or severe, even general predictions about long-term prognosis seldom come before the child's second birthday. Written by a team of experts associated with the Cerebral Palsy Program at the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, this authoritative resource provides parents and families with vital information that can help them cope with uncertainty. Thoroughly updated and revised to incorporate the latest medical advances, the second edition is a comprehensive guide to cerebral palsy. The book is organized into three parts. In the first, the authors describe specific patterns of involvement (hemiplegia, diplegia, quadriplegia), explain the medical and psychosocial implications of these conditions, and tell parents how to be effective advocates for their child. In the second part, the authors provide a wealth of practical advice about caregiving from nutrition to mobility. Part three features an extensive alphabetically arranged encyclopedia that defines and describes medical terms and diagnoses, medical and surgical procedures, and orthopedic and other assistive devices. Also included are lists of resources and recommended reading.

Download or read book Standing Balance written by Nicoleta Bugnariu and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Contribution of Postural Adjustments to Body Balance and Motor Performance written by Eric Yiou and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-02-08 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The control of balance by the central nervous system is crucial to maintain our posture and perform efficiently our daily motor tasks. This control requires the development of dynamical phenomena sub-served by highly-coordinated patterns of muscle activation/deactivation disseminated throughout the whole-body and called “postural adjustments”. Establishing the interaction between balance control, locomotion and cognition has important clinical implication, especially in term of falls prevention, and will improve our knowledge on the underlying neural correlates. This Research Topic provides an up-to-date picture of the relationship between postural adjustments, body balance and motor performance in healthy (young and older adults) and pathological participants. It includes 36 contributions (1 editorial, 28 original articles, 4 reviews and 3 methods articles) which are separated into four sections: 1. Postural maintenance and multisensory integration, 2. Anticipatory postural adjustments associated with voluntary movement, 3. Postural adjustments associated with predictable and unpredictable external perturbation, 4. Gait assessment and rehabilitation in aging. Beside their basic interest of unveiling the mechanisms behind motor control, results from the investigations of this topic are relevant to develop new methods or tools to improve postural stability and motor performance, with applications in the fields of neurodegenerative conditions, rehabilitation, ergonomics and sports sciences.

Download or read book WHO Global Report on Falls Prevention in Older Age written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2008 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The WHO Falls Prevention for Active Ageing model provides an action plan for making progress in reducing the prevalence of falls in the older adult population. By building on the three pillars of falls prevention, the model proposes specific strategies for: 1. Building awareness of the importance of falls prevention and treatment; 2. Improving the assessment of individual, environmental, and societal factors that increase the likelihood of falls; and 3. For facilitating the design and implementation of culturally appropriate, evidence-based interventions that will significantly reduce the number of falls among older persons. The model provides strategies and solutions that will require the engagement of multiple sectors of society. It is dependent on and consistent with the vision articulated in the WHO Active Ageing Policy Framework. Although not all of the awareness, assessment, and intervention strategies identified in the model apply equally well in all regions of the world, there are significant evidence-based strategies that can be effectively implemented in all regions and cultures. The degree to which progress will be made depends on to the success in integrating falls prevention strategies into the overall health and social care agendas globally. In order to do this effectively, it is necessary to identify and implement culturally appropriate, evidence-based policies and procedures. This requires multi-sectoral, collaborations, strong commitment to public and professional education, interaction based on evidence drawn from a variety of traditional, complementary, and alternative sources. Although the understanding of the evidence-base is growing, there is much that is not yet understood. Thus, there is an urgent need for continued research in all areas of falls prevention and treatment in order to better understand the scope of the problem worldwide. In particular, more evidence of the cost-effectiveness of interconnections is needed to develop strategies that are most likely to be effective in specific setting and population sub-groups.

Download or read book Guccione s Geriatric Physical Therapy E Book written by Dale Avers and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2019-10-24 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering a comprehensive look at physical therapy science and practice, Guccione’s Geriatric Physical Therapy, 4th Edition is a perfect resource for both students and practitioners alike. Year after year, this text is recommended as the primary preparatory resource for the Geriatric Physical Therapy Specialization exam. And this new fourth edition only gets better. Content is thoroughly revised to keep you up to date on the latest geriatric physical therapy protocols and conditions. Five new chapters are added to this edition to help you learn how to better manage common orthopedic, cardiopulmonary, and neurologic conditions; become familiar with functional outcomes and assessments; and better understand the psychosocial aspects of aging. In all, you can rely on Guccione’s Geriatric Physical Therapy to help you effectively care for today’s aging patient population. Comprehensive coverage of geriatric physical therapy prepares students and clinicians to provide thoughtful, evidence-based care for aging patients. Combination of foundational knowledge and clinically relevant information provides a meaningful background in how to effectively manage geriatric disorders Updated information reflects the most recent and relevant information on the Geriatric Clinical Specialty Exam. Standard APTA terminology prepares students for terms they will hear in practice. Expert authorship ensures all information is authoritative, current, and clinically accurate. NEW! Thoroughly revised and updated content across all chapters keeps students up to date with the latest geriatric physical therapy protocols and conditions. NEW! References located at the end of each chapter point students toward credible external sources for further information. NEW! Treatment chapters guide students in managing common conditions in orthopedics, cardiopulmonary, and neurology. NEW! Chapter on functional outcomes and assessment lists relevant scores for the most frequently used tests. NEW! Chapter on psychosocial aspects of aging provides a well-rounded view of the social and mental conditions commonly affecting geriatric patients. NEW! Chapter on frailty covers a wide variety of interventions to optimize treatment. NEW! Enhanced eBook version is included with print purchase, allowing students to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 1892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Motor Control written by Anne Shumway-Cook and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2023-04-05 with total page 1270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motor Control: Translating Research into Clinical Practice, 6th Edition, is the only text that bridges the gap between current and emerging motor control research and its application to clinical practice. Written by leading experts in the field, this classic resource prepares users to effectively assess, evaluate, and treat clients with problems related to postural control, mobility, and upper extremity function using today’s evidence-based best practices. This extensively revised 6th Edition reflects the latest advances in research and features updated images, clinical features, and case studies to ensure a confident transition to practice. Each chapter follows a consistent, straightforward format to simplify studying and reinforce understanding of normal control process issues, age-related issues, research on abnormal function, clinical applications of current research, and evidence to support treatments used in the rehabilitation of patients with motor control problems.

Download or read book A Textbook of Audiological Medicine written by Linda Luxon and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-12-19 with total page 928 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Audiological medicine is a relatively new specialty spanning the investigation, diagnosis and medical management of hearing and balance disorders. Recent years have seen its growth as a separate medical discipline, although its practice depends not only upon a clear understanding of the basic sciences relevant to auditory and vestibular function, but also upon experience and knowledge in a wide range of clinical disciplines relevant to hearing and balance disorders, including genetics, immunology, pediatrics, geriatrics, neurology, otolaryngology, ophthalmology, psychiatry and general internal medicine. A Textbook of Audiological Medicine integrates the science and medicine of auditory and vestibular disorders, providing the first comprehensive textbook on the subject. There are five main sections; the first deals with both the auditory and vestibular systems, and then each system is considered in terms of the relevant basic sciences and clinical disorders.

Download or read book Aging and Time written by Jan Baars and published by . This book was released on 2019-05-17 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this volume is to revitalise the debate about the concepts of time implicit in the study of aging. The many problems related to aging and the aged put an enormous pressure on the gerontological community to come up with practical applications and solutions. In considering research findings, we must keep in mind the basic assumptions that shape and influence even the most obvious statements about aging. In this multidisciplinary volume, the contributors take on the important task of exploring real issues concerning temporal concepts and approaches to aging; and the concepts of time that are used in thinking about aging determine to a large extent the way aging is approached. Most studies of aging still use a chronological approach to define populations for research purposes (that is, to determine which "aged" should be studied) and to establish how people's characteristics (social, economic, health and so forth) change as a function of age. This approach may lead to an accumulation of data, but does not in itself lead to explanatory knowledge. The step from chronological time to chronological age should be taken cautiously if we want to consider aging processes seriously, especially because chronological age is widely used in contemporary societies as a basis for regulating all kinds of processes, with many consequences for individuals. The arguments presented here do not deny the finitude of human life, nor do they deny that "aging" can be observed in any individual if we compare the characteristics of that person over a relatively long period. The question is how to approach these themes to get a better understanding. To achieve this, we need to understand the specific significance and relativity of chronological time and uncover unfounded deductions about time in relation to aging. This book will be of interested to students and professors of the social sciences, humanities and aging, including the methodology of aging studies; professionals working in the field of aging, including sociologists, psychologists and biologists.

Download or read book The Contribution of Postural Adjustments to Body Balance and Motor Performance Volume II written by Eric Yiou and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-10-26 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Collaborative capacity development to complement stroke rehabilitation in Africa written by Quinette Louw and published by AOSIS. This book was released on 2020-12-31 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This scholarly book focuses on stroke in Africa. Stroke is a leading cause of disability among adults of all ages, contributing significantly to health care costs related to long term implications, particularly if rehabilitation is sub-optimal. Given the burden of stroke in Africa, there is a need for a book that focuses on functioning African stroke survivors and the implications for rehabilitation within the African context. In addition, there is a need to progress with contextualised, person-centred, evidence-based guidance for the rehabilitation of people with stroke in Africa, thereby enabling them to lead socially and economically meaningful lives. The research incorporated in the book used a range of primary and secondary methodological approaches (scoping reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, descriptive studies, surveys, health economics, and clinical practice guideline methodology) to shed new insights into African-centred issues and strategies to optimise function post-stroke.

Download or read book Science Theory and Clinical Application in Orthopaedic Manual Physical Therapy Applied Science and Theory written by Ola Grimsby and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2008-09-16 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This long awaited textbook from The Ola Grimsby Institute provides decades of clinical experience and reasoning, with both historical and current evidence, with rationale for both passive and active treatments in orthopaedic manual therapy. Practical guidelines for joint mobilization and exercise rehabilitation are presented with this logical and exciting work. Incorporating experience and science, this book provides new approaches and treatment principles to make what you already do more effective. Extensive Content: Over 535 pages and 275 illustrations, photographs and tables Ola Grimsby and his co-authors have compiled a significant resource for the practicing physical therapist, manual therapist or osteopath.

Download or read book Sensorimotor Control of Movement and Posture written by Simon C. Gandevia and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of contributions on the subject of the neural mechanisms of sensorimotor control resulted from a conference held in Cairns, Australia, September 3-6, 2001. While the three of us were attending the International Union of Physiological Sciences (IUPS) Congress in St Petersburg, Russia, in 1997, we discussed the implications of the next Congress being awarded to New Zealand. We agreed to organise a satellite to this congress in an area of mutual interest -the neuroscience of movement and sensation. Australia has a long-standing and enviable reputation in the field of neural mechanisms of sensorimotor control. Arguably this reached its peak with the award of a Nobel Prize to Sir John Eccles in 1963 for his work on synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. Since that time, the subject of neuroscience has progressed considerably. One advance is the exploitation of knowledge acquired from animal experiments to studies on conscious human subjects. In this development, Australians have achieved international prominence, particularly in the areas of kinaesthesia and movement control. This bias is evident in the choice of subject matter for the conference and, subsequently, this book. It was also decided to assign a whole section to muscle mechanics, a subject that is often left out altogether from conferences on motor control. Cairns is a lovely city and September is a good time to visit it.

Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Musculoskeletal Medicine written by Michael Hutson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This all-in-one companion to the field of musculoskeletal medicine describes basic concepts and offers practical guidelines for diagnosis and treatment, and contains models of care which assist understanding of basic concepts.

Download or read book The Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Gait written by David A. Winter and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: