Download or read book Effects of acid mist containing N and S on a Sitka spruce forest plantation planted in 1986 at Deepsyke Interim report written by L J (Lucy) Sheppard and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Acid Mist Containing N and S on a Sitka Spruce Forest Plantation Established in 1986 at Deepsyke written by Alan Crossley and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Report of the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Early effects of acid mist on Sitka spruce planted on acid peat written by L J (Lucy) Sheppard and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ten year old Sitka spruce [Picea sitchensis (BONG.) CARR.], growing in a commercial plantation, on a drained, acid peat were sprayed with simulated mist providing a 'no spray', N alone, S alone and a combination of N, S and acidity at pH 5 and 2.5, (single and double dose) treatments. Approximately twice weekly from May (budburst) to December, six treatments (equivalent to 2 mm precipitation) Na2SO4, NH4NO3, H2SO4 + NH4NO3 at pH 2.5 (single and double dose), and pH 5 and an unsprayed control were applied, to four replicate chambers of 10 trees. The treatment 'chambers' comprised a framework of poles, supporting 2 full cone sprayers per tree mounted within 0.5 m of the tops of the trees, without wall structures. This paper reports some sensitive indicators of treatment effects, stemwood growth, foliar chemistry and frost hardiness, together with measurements of soil chemistry after one and two treatment seasons. In the first year of treatment no significant effects on growth were found although stem basal area increment increased by approximately 50%. After one year of treatment there was a tendency for shoots receiving N/acidity to be least frost hardy when tested in December (by approximately 4 degrees C). Foliar S, N and Mg concentrations were significantly increased in response to S and N additions. In the second year, no biologically significant effects were found. Two years of treatment with N and S, both with and without acidity, still failed to affect growth measured as relative stem basal area increment. However, relative increments in stem volume indicated a significant positive response to the acidified S + N treatments after two treatment seasons. Initial findings are discussed in relation to results from similar studies in controlled environments and the field. Early indications are that the sail nutrient supply is dominating the tree response to N, S and acid treatment. And that acidified S and N inputs are not damaging the trees but have stimulated gro.

Download or read book Effects of acid mist on mature Sitka spruce in 1991 Interim report written by Alan Crossley and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Scientific Report of the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of soil chemistry on the response of potted Sitka spruce to acid mist in open top chambers written by L J (Lucy) Sheppard and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bare rooted Sitka spruce seedlings were grown in an agricultural loam, acid brown forest and a peaty forest soil in open-top chambers. Visible injury (brown lesions and necrosis) was observed after 3 weeks of treatment with pH 2.5 mist applied 4 times a week in all 3 soil types. The overall N dose, equivalent to 25 kg N ha(-1), stimulated seedling growth in the two acid forest soils but not in the base rich agricultural soil. In this soil the effect of the additional N on the available N pool was much smaller than on the more acid soils. Frost hardiness was reduced on all 3 soils. There was no relationship between hardiness (LT(50)) and N availability, foliar N or foliar S concentrations. The reduction in frost hardiness and the amount of visible injury was greatest on the most acid soil, where soil pH was significantly reduced by acid treatment. Significant effects of soil chemistry on seedling performance were also observed in the absence of acid treatment. These results suggest that results of acid mist effects studies based on plants grown in compost provide an 'incomplete' potentially misleading picture of acid mist effects on trees.

Download or read book The effects of polluted cloud water on a Sitka spruce plantation Deepsyke Phase II written by L J (Lucy) Sheppard and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects Additional N and S with Or Without Acidity on a Sitka Spruce Ecosystem Progress Report July 1999 written by Alan Crossley and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Field application of acid mist to a single clone of Sitka spruce written by L J (Lucy) Sheppard and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trees (> 2.5 m tall) belonging to a single clone of physiologically mature Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr), growing in a base rich agricultural loam, were treated approximately (pH2.5) over three consecutive growing seasons. Treatment consisted of acid mist containing H+, NH4+, NO3- and SO42- in equimolar concentrations (1.6 mol m(-3)) identical to that used in previous open-top chamber (OTC) studies with seedlings and grafted cuttings. The acid mist supplied approximately 48 kg N and 51 kg S ha(-1) year(-1) and 3.3 kg H ha(-1) year(-1). Treated trees were surrounded by a framework which supported temporary blinds, positioned only during the spray treatment. Control trees received no treatment. Groups of four trees were assigned to one of five height classes, to take account of a gradient in height across the site, and these groups were tl eaten as units of replication. Shoot frost hardiness and foliar nutrient concentrations were measured for comparison with previous OTC studies. Tree size, which initially was positively correlated with differences in nutrient status (N, P, S and K), exerted a significant effect on the frost hardiness response to acid mist. Acid mist had a negative effect on frost hardiness only in the smallest trees, and only when the trees were already hardy to -20 degrees C and treatment applications were regular and continuous up to sampling. There was no evidence of foliar mediated effects such as enhanced ion leakage rates and substantially elevated foliar S concentrations which typified OTC exposures. The usefulness of these variables with respect to monitoring field effects of acid mist is discussed together with the importance of different environmental factors which appear to control tree response in the field.

Download or read book Quantifying the Effects of Atmospheric Inputs of N S and Acidity to a Ten Year old Sitka Spruce Plantation in Southern Scotland written by Alan Crossley and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of acid mist on mature grafts of Sitka spruce Part I Frost hardiness and foliar nutrient concentrations written by L J (Lucy) Sheppard and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mature grafts of five clones of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis Bong. Sarg.) were exposed to simulated acid mist composed of an equimolar mixture of sulphuric acid and ammonium nitrate at pH 2.5 and pH 5.0 in open-top chambers from May to November 1991. Treatments were applied on consecutive days, four times a week. The pH 2.5 treatment provided an overall dose three times higher than that received by forests in upland areas of Britain. Frost hardiness was assessed in November by freezing detached current year shoots at a range of temperatures and assessing the rate of electrolyte leakage Foliar nutrient concentrations were determined on the same shoots. Acid mist at pH 2.5 significantly reduced frost hardiness in four of the five clones; the temperature causing 50% shoot death (LT50) was increased by 0 to 7-degrees-C The clones varied in their level of hardiness, one clone being exceptionally frost sensitive. The frost hardiness of the frost sensitive clone was found to be less perturbed by acid mist than the hardiness of the more frost resistant clones. Mature grafts showed a smaller reduction in hardiness at an equivalent dose than that found previously with Sitka spruce seedlings. Compared with seedlings, grafts had lower absolute concentrations of foliar sulphur. Exposure to acid mist at pH 2.5 increased %S in current year foliage by

Download or read book Long Term Effects of a Field Exposure to Acid Mist on the Performance of a Single Sitka Spruce Clone Final Report written by L. J. (Lucy) Sheppard and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of acid mist on needles from mature Sitka spruce grafts Part II Influence of developmental stage age and needle morphology on visible damage written by I D (Ian) Leith and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mature grafts of five Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) clones were exposed to simulated acid mist comprising an equimolar mixture of H2SO4 and NH4NO3 (1.6 and 0.01 mol m(-3)) at pH 2.5 and 5.0. Mist was applied to potted plants growing in open-top chambers on consecutive days, four times a week, at a precipitation equivalent of 1 mm per day. The total exposure to polluted mist was equivalent to three times that measured at an upland forest in SE Scotland. The aim of the experiment was to characterize the response of juvenile foliage produced by physiologically mature grafts (on seedling root stock) and compare it with the behaviour of juvenile foliage on seedlings. Development of visible foliar damage was followed through the growing season. Measurements of needle length, diameter, weight, surface area, surface wax weight and wettability were made on current year needles to determine whether particular foliar characteristics increased susceptibility to injury. Significant amounts ( > 10%) of visible needle damage was observed on only one of the five clones. Damage was most severe on the clone with the most horizontal branch and needle habit, but over the five clones there was no relationship between angle of branch display and damage. Likewise no combination of needle characteristics (length, width, area, amount of wax) was indicative of potential susceptibility. A comparison with previous acid misting experiments using seedlings suggests that juvenile foliage on physiologically mature trees is equally susceptible to visible injury as juvenile seedling foliage. Date of budburst differed among clones, and in this experiment exerted the over-riding influence on development of injury symptoms. Foliage exposed to a combination of strong acidity and high sulphate concentrations over the few weeks immediately following budburst suffered most visible injury. The absence of significant amounts of visible damage in UK forests probably reflects the general low su.

Download or read book The effects of acid mist on spruce from chamber to a forest written by J N (Neil) Cape and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of N and S with or without acidity on a Sitka spruce ecosystem written by Alan Crossley and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of Certain Heart Rot Fungi on the Specific Gravity and Strength of Sitka Spruce and Douglas fir written by and published by . This book was released on 1941 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: